To prevent risks caused by the possibility of ignition of various materials in everyday life and at work, organizational and technical measures are being taken. Their practical orientation, providing for fire safety, is determined by the need to create conditions for human life and health. Also important is the safety of technical and material means.
The fire safety system is a set of available technical materials and human resources, includes measures of legal, organizational, economic, social and scientific and technical spheres of ensuring fire fighting.
Structurally, the main element for ensuring the implementation of fire-fighting measures are state bodies, authorized bodies and citizens involved in fire-fighting tasks (in accordance with the law).
The main functions of the system that ensure fire safety are the following:
- ensuring fire safety with regulatory measures to regulate and implement measures of state control, their effectiveness and legality;
- organization and practice of fire protection;
- development and implementation of fire safety measures;
- Distribution of authority in the field of fire safety between structural bodies and officials;
- Conducting propaganda work to prevent fires, training personnel in measures to deal with fires;
- technical work to comply with fire safety measures ;
- release of products that meet fire safety requirements;
- elimination of localized fire sources, assistance to specialized bodies in the elimination of large-scale or hard-to-reach fires.
Ensuring fire safety at the enterprise provides to one degree or another all of the above, as well as a number of other functional tasks. Firstly, planning documents are developed and, if necessary, agreed upon, which should contain textually and graphically:
- descriptions of systems providing for fire safety at all facilities;
- descriptions and design solutions for fire water supply, dedicated driveways and passages for special equipment of fire crews;
- descriptions of the performed structural calculations, fire resistance and the assigned fire safety class of capital buildings;
- descriptions and design decisions aimed at the safety of people in case of fire;
- information on buildings, premises, equipment and outdoor installations having increased explosion and fire hazard;
- lists of facilities equipped with automatic fire alarm, fire extinguishing systems ;
- administrative materials that determine the actions of workers in case of fires at specific production or other work sites, as well as evacuation schemes.
Ensuring fire safety mainly depends on the conscientiousness of people, their understanding of the importance of accurate and rigorous compliance with fire safety measures, competent and skillful actions to eliminate fires that have arisen, and evacuation from fires.