Bleeding is the bleeding of blood from human vessels, most often this happens during their damage. In this case, such bleeding is called traumatic. In some cases, this phenomenon occurs when vascular lesions are affected by various foci of diseases, for example, such as cancer, peptic ulcer or tuberculosis.
Blood coagulation
Blood has one very important and protective function - this is coagulation. Due to this phenomenon, bleeding can stop on its own, mainly if it is capillary and not profuse. Blood stops due to a clot of a certain size clogging the hole and preventing blood from flowing out. In some cases, the vessels are independently compressed.
Bleeding
In some cases, in a person, blood coagulation is unstable and insufficient. If such a process occurs with a slowdown or not fully, then a person begins intense bleeding of wounds. The consequence of this process can be significant loss of blood or even death of the victim.
Consequences of bleeding
If the blood is not stopped, and the patient will experience profuse and prolonged bleeding, then adequate nutrition of tissues and organs with oxygen will become impossible. First of all, the normal functioning of such important human organs as the lungs, heart and brain is disrupted. Therefore, you need to know how to stop heavy bleeding.
Types of bleeding
There are two main types of such a process. If blood from a wound flows out of the vessels, then this bleeding is called external. In cases where the flowing blood remains inside the human body or enters the tissues and organs, this process is called internal bleeding.
When blood flows from wounds, there are several types of such a process of blood loss:
- Capillary bleeding - when blood flows from the smallest vessels, most often occurs with superficial, minor injuries.
- If the wounds are deeper and more serious, bleeding can be venous. In this case, the blood flows dark red, it is quite dangerous and you need to have some knowledge in order to know how to stop the bleeding.
- When stabbing, chopped, serious injuries with damage to the arteries, the blood flows out in a significant flow and this phenomenon is called arterial bleeding.
Mixed bleeding occurs with significant damage to several types of vessels.
How to stop capillary and venous bleeding
In those cases, if you need to stop the blood and treat the wound, you need to act very quickly and purposefully. With a significant loss of blood, the injured person weakens, and his life is at risk. In order to qualitatively treat the wound, and subsequently the treatment and recovery of the patient went as quickly as possible, it is necessary to immediately stop the blood flow.
In order to stop capillary bleeding, it is enough to moisten gauze or bandage with hydrogen peroxide and apply it to the place of damage. If there is no gauze or bandage at hand, then a handkerchief or any clean tissue is suitable to stop bleeding. You can’t put cotton wool on an open wound, it may contain harmful bacteria.
Venous bleeding is more dangerous than capillary bleeding. With damage to the venous vessels, especially in the cervical region, air absorption may begin, which then, entering the heart, causes an air embolism and the person dies.
You can use gauze, a bandage or a clean handkerchief to stop venous bleeding. Most often, such bleeding is stopped with a bandage, which pulls the vessel so that the blood does not flow from the wound. If there is no pressure bandage at hand, but the bleeding is profuse, then you should squeeze the damaged vein with your fingers.
In any case, after the cessation of bleeding, an antibacterial dressing should be applied to the open wound. For such purposes in first-aid kits there is a special individual package. The medicine cabinet can also have special drugs that stop bleeding, for example, aminocaproic acid.
How to stop bleeding after artery damage?
Arterial bleeding is the most dangerous for the health and life of a person, since in a matter of minutes he can lose a large amount of blood and die. As well as venous, arterial bleeding is best stopped with a pressure bandage.
If blood flows from a large artery, then in this case it is necessary to stop it instantly, having pressed the vessel with your fingers above the site of the wound. But such emergency care is temporary, and while the artery is pinched with fingers, you need to prepare a pressure bandage. If the bandage does not help, it is necessary to impose a special tourniquet that will squeeze the vessel, preventing blood from flowing out.
If there is no tow at hand, then any rope, tie, scarf, or handkerchief will do. In order not to damage the skin or nerve endings, the tourniquet should not be applied to the naked body, but to a special dressing or gauze, which was previously wrapped in the place where the tourniquet was applied. With prolonged use of the tourniquet and blood vessels are crushed, cell death can occur, and therefore this method of stopping blood is an extreme method. Be sure to specify the time of applying the tourniquet, it can not be on the body for more than two hours.
After the tourniquet was applied, it was possible to stop the bleeding, the victim should be given a sufficient amount of non-alcoholic liquid to drink, then he should be taken to the hospital so that the wound is treated surgically.
Other types of external bleeding
There are varieties of injuries during which the blood flows not only from open wounds. Epistaxis occurs when the nose is injured, with flu, serious skull injuries or internal injuries. In order to stop such bleeding, it is necessary to put ice or something cold on the bridge of the nose, head and neck, insert swabs moistened with hydrogen peroxide in the nostrils. In no case in such a situation should you rinse your nose with water and throw your head back.
In the event that bleeding occurs after tooth extraction, a piece of gauze should be put in place of the injury and squeezed. In cases of bleeding from the ear, the victim should be put on the side of the head that has not been damaged. Do not rinse your ear with water. A special gauze dressing must be applied in order to stop the bleeding.
Bleeding from the lungs occurs if the victim is ill with tuberculosis, with a strong blow to the chest, as well as during a fracture of the ribs. With tuberculosis, the foci of the disease can corrode some parts of the vessels, in which case the patient coughs up blood, and his breathing is difficult. To stop such bleeding, the patient is placed on a special roller and a cold compress is placed on his chest, while he is forbidden to talk and move.
Oral bleeding
Such bleeding occurs if the digestive tract is damaged or in some liver diseases. With a variety of ulcers and tumors of the stomach, vomiting is observed, while the vomit has a dark red color. How to stop bleeding correctly?
In order to do this, the victim must be seated and bent to his knees. It is necessary to calm down and apply a special cold compress to the abdominal region. After such bleeding, immediate surgical intervention and special treatment are necessary.
Internal bleeding
There are times when blood flows into the abdominal cavity. Such bleeding can occur after a strong blow in the abdomen and damage to internal organs. In some cases, women may also experience similar bleeding during an ectopic pregnancy.
It is necessary to lay the victim, bend his knees. A cold compress should be placed on the stomach and the patient should immediately be transported to a medical institution.
If the pleural cavity is damaged, then blood can enter the lungs, thereby significantly complicating the breathing of the victim. To stop such bleeding, you need to place a cold compress on the chest of the victim and ensure his immediate delivery to the hospital.
Acute anemia
With the loss of one and a half liters of blood or more, a person may experience acute anemia. During this phenomenon, the victim feels a weakening of the body, considerable weakness, he looks pale, he has a weak and rapid pulse, cold sweat may appear on his forehead. With significant loss of blood, the victim may fall into a state of shock or lose consciousness. Therefore, you need to know how to stop the bleeding.
What happens to the human body during significant blood loss? Most organs begin to suffer from oxygen loss. Oxygen starvation begins, which negatively affects the work of all organs, in particular the heart, brain and lungs. If the victim is not provided with quality medical care, then paralysis occurs in the respiratory center of the medulla oblongata, which will lead to death.
First aid for blood loss. If the victim has lost a significant amount of blood, then he can be saved by acting quickly and purposefully. The first step is to stop the bleeding. If the blood has been stopped, then the victim must be given tea or other non-alcoholic liquid, but not in case of bleeding in the abdominal cavity. In order for the blood to flow normally to the brain, the victim is placed on his back, and his head is thrown back a little.
What to do with open uterine bleeding?
In this case, you should immediately call a doctor. In some cases, at home, you can stop such bleeding on your own, but you need to take it seriously, since in the absence of professional assistance this bleeding can lead to the death of the victim.
How to stop bleeding at home? In some cases, uterine bleeding occurs suddenly and in conditions when a woman or girl is far from civilization, for example, in a village or in a country house. In such cases, the issue of stopping bleeding should be decided immediately on their own. If there are elderly women in the village who, with the help of herbs, can stop such bleeding, then the victim will receive the necessary help. For such purposes, special dried herbs are used, since they act much faster than fresh ones.
Severe consequences of uterine bleeding:
- Anemia may develop.
- If the bleeding is very strong and cannot be stopped, then surgical intervention and blood transfusion will be required later.
- Due to significant blood loss, underlying diseases can worsen. If bleeding is observed in a pregnant woman, then it can cause premature birth.
If you still wonder how to stop uterine bleeding at home, but there is no one around, then recall: if such bleeding occurs, you should immediately call an ambulance - this is the very first step in solving this problem. But while doctors will get there, you need to use alternative methods of stopping blood. Despite what kind of treatment will be used, it should be prompt.
Recommendations of traditional medicine: regardless of why the uterine bleeding started, the woman should be put on her back, and her legs should be raised slightly. A cold compress should be placed on the stomach. After 15 minutes, it must be removed, and after 5 minutes, put it back on your stomach. The victim must be given a large amount of liquid, tea is best.
Some women know how to stop bleeding with menopause at home. For this, special medications that were previously prescribed by a doctor are most often used. These include:
- Dicinon;
- Aminocaproic acid;
- Oxytocin;
- "Vikasol";
- Calcium gluconate.
During the menopause, some women may have no bleeding at all.
Also, many women and girls know how to stop bleeding during menstruation, if it is very profuse. This is, first of all, minimization of movements, hygiene and peace. As for the drugs, in this case they will come to the rescue: “Ditsinon”, “Etamsilat” and “Tranexam”. But before taking them, you must definitely consult a doctor.