Russian is one of the most difficult to learn. A huge number of various rules and exceptions to these rules can confuse not only a foreigner, but also small native speakers of the Russian language. In the 6th grade, a rule is studied such as the spelling of the letters "and", "s" after prefixes. Read more about this rule below.
Spelling rule "and", "s" after prefixes
The rule is not so difficult. The main thing that needs to be done is to determine whether the prefix is of Russian or foreign origin.
In Russian-language prefixes that end in a consonant, the letter Y should be written in the root of the word. For example - "play - play."
The exception is the Russian prefixes between and over. For example - "interesting - superinteresting". The exceptions include the verb “charge”, in which, after the prefix, the letter “and” is spelled and the sound [and] is pronounced. Compound words also retain the “and” in the root of the word. For example - "Institute - Pedagogical Institute".
After prefixes of a foreign language origin that end in a consonant (des-, counter-, pan-, post-, sub-, super-, trans-, etc.), the letter I is written in the roots. For example, “game is a supergame”.
Rule Making Exercises
Consider how the rule is presented on "and", "s" after prefixes in exercises for grade 6. A traditional exercise to enforce spelling rules is dictation. The teacher dictates to the students the words on the indicated spelling. Students then check their work themselves and correct mistakes. The task can be complicated if you additionally use other types of spelling in the exercise.
1. In previous issues of the local newspaper, a very important topic was raised.
2. The jury summed up the competition results.
3. In a dark room it is difficult to find a black cat.
4. Pedagogical Institute is one of the oldest universities in the city.
5. He played a good comedy.
6. Disinformation about a new television show has hit the Internet.
7. School sports equipment is under accountability.
8. He used to be in an exquisite society.
9. It is important to know the previous topic.
Selective cheating is also a popular spelling exercise. An example of such an exercise may be the following: the teacher dictates words on the rule being studied. Pupils of the first option write down words in which after the prefix it is necessary to write the letter "and"; the second option, respectively, records the words in which the letter "s" is written after the prefix:
- nameless;
- uninteresting;
- hopeless;
- charge;
- to modify;
- finish badly;
- counterplay;
- notorious;
- to summarize;
- play out;
- to search;
- super interesting;
- super interesting.
And, S after prefixes - creative exercises
Creative tasks include various kinds of error correction tasks. For example, students are offered phrases with words on the studied spelling, in which mistakes are made. Their task is to correct these errors: inter-institutional competition, nameless height, hide and seek, seek out work, a supergame, an interesting interview, an unknown artist, to collect taxes (errors in 1, 4, 6, 8 phrases).
Performing such an exercise develops spelling vigilance and contributes to a better fixing of the rule.
Another type of creative assignment is word conversion. Add the following prefixes to the source word in turn.
| rose | the game | hyper- | inflation |
| counter- | fast- |
| super- | with- |
| under- |
The task of students is not just to substitute all the proposed prefixes, but also to understand whether such a prefix is used with a specific word, and in some cases add suffixes to the words.
You can also offer students the following exercises to learn the spelling "and", "s" after prefixes: present a graphically studied rule. That is, create your own schema or rule table with examples.
The teacher, explaining the spelling "Letters" and "," s "after prefixes", selects exercises in accordance with the educational tasks of the lesson and the personal characteristics of each student in the class. Nevertheless, all the exercises offered to the class should be productive and should be aimed at enhancing thinking.