Massive noisy events will surely attract many people. These include holiday concerts and fairs, football matches, etc. At these events, there are always a lot of people. Before the concert or any other holiday, everyone behaves calmly. At this time, people are peaceful, polite, pass each other at the entrance. In anticipation of a fascinating sight, they are calm and unhurried. However, at the end of the event, everything changes.
All immediately leave their seats and rush towards the exit. This contributes to the formation of a large influx of people and constant traffic jams. It also happens that the movement of people from the ordered goes into the spontaneous, and a crowd forms. Everyone needs to know the rules of behavior in a crowd. They are a set of measures that will help maintain safety in places where there is a large concentration of people.
Facts from the story
Mankind knows cases when a large number of people died in crowded elemental crush. A striking example of such a tragedy is the coronation of Tsar Nicholas II. The crush happened on the Khodynka field. Here the thousandth crowd rushed to the place where the food was distributed. As a result, more than one thousand people died and suffered.
Monstrous crush occurred during the days of Stalin's funeral. Then, not only a large number of people died on Trubnaya Square . The crowd crushed the horses there, on which the policemen who were watching the order were sitting.
Crowd Reasons
When does a large number of people become dangerous? A crowd is formed when panic or general aggression occurs. Moreover, these two reasons are closely related.
The psychology of crowd behavior is distinguished by its own characteristics. It is inherent in unconsciousness, impulsiveness and instinctiveness. There is no logic in the crowd. The people in it live at that moment only by feelings. The so-called herd instinct comes into effect, not amenable to any control. This is especially evident when there is no leader in the crowd and no one gives any restraining commands. Tens, hundreds, thousands of people lose their individuality. They literally turn into a terrible multi-headed beast, sweeping and destroying everything that comes in its way. This is the main features of crowd behavior.
For what reason does the mass of people become “explosive"? To do this, she needs a certain psychological detonator. They are often universal hysteria, the emergence of which is provoked by mass protests or, on the contrary, a demonstration of loyal mood. The reason for the formation of the crowd may be fear caused, for example, by a fire or any other disaster. The mass of people sweeping everything in its path often arises after an overly emotional football match or an unprofessional rock concert.
Human behavior in the crowd
The list of reasons that turn a crowd of people into an uncontrollable mass, unfortunately, is very long. Often, those who find themselves in it, later themselves are at a loss for their own behavior. The explanation in this case should be sought in the distant past, referring to the primitive instincts of man. They explain the appearance of mass psychosis. This behavior helped people survive in distant and harsh times.
Herd instinct, like any other atavism, is today dangerous for the human collective. The only thing that can resist it is the mind. Any of us, finding ourselves in an aggressive crowd, should try not to give in to her universal negative feeling. However, it should be borne in mind that this uncontrollable mass does not tolerate "apostates", and can brutally crack down on those who have not succumbed to psychosis. Keeping your personality in the crowd is not easy. Indeed, the real human sea is simply nowhere. However, there is no choice. Without preserving your own individuality, you can lose not only the appearance of a person, but also your life. The ruthlessness of the crowd is manifested not only in relation to the dissent, but also to its ordinary members.
Uncontrolled Indoor Flow
During any concert or public event , a crowd may form. It is important for everyone to know the rules of behavior in a crowd in an enclosed space, because a general change of mood can occur, for example, with someone's heart-rending cry: "Fire!" For people who come in order to spend their time with pleasure, their mood changes from positive to negative. Extreme stress occurs. All people in a closed room at the same time begin to look for a way out to get to a safe place. Of course, everything that happens is chaotic. Unfortunately, this happens in most cases.
The most active are people who are farthest from the exit. They begin to push those in front. The result is very sad. A greater number of those in front are pressed against the walls. In this case, there is a stampede that can take human lives.
Once at a mass event, it is worth paying attention to where the emergency exit is located. This is recommended just in case, even before the start of the performance. Well, what to do if panic arose and an uncontrollable crowd formed? The rules of conduct in the crowd in this case require a sober assessment of the situation. Those who did not manage to be among the first runaways, experts advise to wait until the main stream of people subsides. True, this will require composure and considerable endurance. Running along narrow aisles along with the whole crowd is permissible only when the flame of a fire spreads literally before our eyes. Indeed, at the same time, a real gas chamber may form as a result of the combustion of plastic coatings and materials in the hall.
Precautions
So, you rushed to where the main crowd is. The rules of conduct in the crowd dictate without fail to empty their pockets. Clothing should not contain anything that has any kind of stiffness and is capable of causing serious injuries to both you and others. You need to throw away pens and pencils, calculators and notebooks. An exception can be made only for paper money, and even then only if they are not folded into a tube.
Rules of safe behavior in a crowd require getting rid of excessively loose, long or decorated with metal parts clothing. It is recommended to lose all that can compress the neck. This list includes a medallion on a lace, tie, chain, jacket lacing, etc. It is necessary to drop all jewelry and any jewelry on the floor, despite the fact that losing them is very a pity. An exception is not made even for glasses. In such a situation, they should not be on the face.
The rules of safe behavior in a crowd require measures to be taken to avoid falling due to untied shoelaces during movement. As long as there is time, they must be tightened with a dead knot. This is very important, because nobody succeeds in rising during the movement of uncontrollable masses of people.
Safe behavior in the crowd involves the position of the hands bent at the elbows, while the fists are directed upwards. This will protect the chest from pressure. It can be done a little differently. In order not to lose the opportunity to breathe during the pressure of the human mass, it is advisable to clasp your hands in front of the chest in the castle. Such protective measures should be taken in advance while the crowd is still rare. Compaction of a large mass of people will certainly happen, because when you exit through narrow doors, the “funnel effect” will work.
Most dangerous places
A person who is moving toward the exit along with a huge mass of people needs to try to avoid any places of narrowing the premises, ledges and dead ends. Here the maximum pressure that the crowd exerts is inevitable. The rules of conduct in the crowd suggest that you should try to avoid being near the wall itself. This is the most dangerous place. A person located there can get a serious injury, not only from a not completely driven nail, but also from an unremarkable power outlet. In order to prevent this from happening, there is a special memo. Behavior in a crowd requires making every effort to get into the mainstream (although it is unsafe there); go back where freer; try to lie on a human stream from above.
The latter option causes some difficulties, but it is better to experience the discontent of the crowd than to be crushed by it or pushed against the wall. Paying attention to the last trick is especially important when it comes to children. If possible, sit the child on your shoulders.
Crowd on the street
Many people believe that such a flow of people in open space is less dangerous than in a closed room. However, the behavior of an individual in a crowd, unfortunately, is unpredictable. In both cases, the low instincts awakening in man, awakening to control, awaken.
Safe behavior in the crowd will save on the street, because the human stream is also capable of trampling its participants. In general, the rules practically do not differ from those described above. However, human behavior in a crowd on the street has its own characteristics. In order not to get lost in the mass of people, it is recommended to retire into the side alleys, streets, and leave through courtyards. If it is impossible, the entrances of residential buildings can be used as shelters, through which it is easy to climb to the roofs.
What to do to someone who is in a moving crowd?
First of all, stay away from any ledges and walls. The greatest danger in such cases is represented by various metal gratings. There should not be chains, ties or laces on the neck. All these items will easily turn into a noose. There should not be anything hard in the pockets of clothing that could cause injury.
The behavior of a person in a crowd should be restrained. You should not strive to get into the thick of things. It’s best to stick to the edge of the human stream.
Rules of Survival
What are the features of human behavior in a crowd? How to take care of your own safety? Keep in mind that you should not resist the spontaneous movement of an uncontrolled flow. For this, even the most physically strong person does not have enough strength. Do not cling to lampposts or walls. This will not help.
Features of the individual’s behavior in the crowd, when the human flow has become quite dense, require everyone who is really aware of the threat to their own lives to stay away from the walls. After all, a broken glass showcase will work no worse than a guillotine knife. From afar, you need to notice the approaching stalls, billboards, lampposts and parapets, and strive to miss each other.
The features of an individual’s behavior in a crowd are such that a person who cares about his safety should not make the slightest attempt to stop and pick up an object from the ground (even if it is a suitcase full of dollars). He is unlikely to be able to use these values. The cause of the stop should not be the resulting injury. It will be necessary to examine wounds in a safe place.
Advice for those who have maintained their composure
Anyone who is in the crowd, while not losing his head, should try to protect women and children. This can be done only by getting out of the human mass. It is necessary to line up with a wedge, placing children and women inside, and, moving apart, slowly drift to the side. Moreover, an attempt should be made only in the direction of the crowd.