Medicine knows many methods for various examinations. This can be a routine examination, laboratory diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound examination. It is about the last method that will be discussed in this article. You will find out what types an ultrasound exam has. You can also find out how this or that type of diagnosis is carried out.
Ultrasound examination
To begin with, it is worth saying what kind of diagnosis it is. During the study, a special sensor is used, which is connected to the equipment. The device sends sound waves through human tissue. They cannot be heard by the simple ear. Sound is reflected from tissues and internal organs, and a specialist, as a result of this process, sees the image on the screen. It is worth noting that such contact occurs very quickly. The image of the investigated area appears immediately after the sensor is applied to the body.
Types of ultrasound diagnostics
Ultrasound examination may be different. This diagnosis is divided into types. It should be noted that in each individual case a special sensor is used. They can be from two or more on the ultrasound apparatus . So, ultrasound diagnostics can be as follows:
- duplex scanning of the state of blood vessels;
- echocardiographic examination;
- echoencephalographic diagnosis;
- sonoelastography;
- transrectal examination ;
- transvaginal diagnosis;
- transabdominal type of ultrasound.
Depending on the desired research method, preliminary preparation of the patient may be necessary. Consider the most popular types of ultrasound examinations.
Ultrasound of the uterus and appendages
This type of study is carried out using a transvaginal sensor. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the age of the patient, the day of the cycle and the regularity of sexual activity.
Ultrasound examination of a pregnant woman is carried out in a transabdominal manner. The exception is only those of the fair sex, in whom the gestation period is very small.
Such examinations do not require special preparation. It is only necessary to carry out generally accepted hygienic procedures before diagnosis.
Ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities of a person
Ultrasound examination of blood vessels is performed during duplex scanning of blood vessels. In this case, vein patency and the presence of blood clots and extensions are assessed. Also during the study, much attention is paid to the blood flow and condition of the upper valves.
Preparation for such an examination is not needed. However, be prepared for the fact that you have to completely bare your legs. Prefer to use loose and quick-release clothing.
Peritoneal organs
Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity reveals problems of the digestive tract and neighboring organs. With this diagnosis, you need to prepare in advance for the procedure.
If you need to examine the stomach, then you should refrain from eating until the examination. When diagnosing the intestines, it is worth using a laxative or an enema. Examination of the liver, kidneys and gall bladder can be carried out without prior preparation.
How is the diagnosis carried out?
An individual sensor is selected for each type of examination. In this case, a special gel is always used, which facilitates the sliding of the device over the body and improves the patency of tissues.
In most cases, the diagnosis is carried out in a supine position. In this case, the couch should be solid, and in the office it is necessary to create the effect of twilight. An exception may be duplex scanning and ultrasound of the kidneys. These examinations can be carried out in the upright position of the patient.
Conclusion
Ultrasound diagnosis is one of the most accurate. Using such an examination, the doctor can clearly see the condition of the internal organs and assess the degree of risk. Diagnosing with ultrasound also helps to correctly diagnose and prescribe appropriate treatment.
Regularly conduct such examinations. The ultrasound method is absolutely safe and does not pose any threat to your health.