What is a measure? To answer this question definitely will not work, so you need to be patient and understand all the shades of the meaning of such a seemingly simple word. Detailed information that this is a measure will be given in our article.
What do dictionaries say?
In a generic sense, “measure” is quantity. As for the particulars, they look like this:
- One of the units of measure; a certain amount taken as a reference. (In the old days, instead of today's kilometer, such a measure of length as a mile away was used to measure distances.)
- An acceptable amount, such as it should be. (A person should know the measure in everything - both in work and in entertainment.)
- The unit of volume used in antiquity to measure bulk solids, as well as to name the corresponding vessel. In Russia, it was equal to four, which was 26.24 liters. (In times past, grain was sprinkled through vessels called measures.)
- A tool or device that serves to achieve a goal. (When you go on vacation for a long time so that the apartment is not robbed, it is better to take precautions and put it on guard.)
- A means of measurement that is designed to reproduce and store a physical quantity. (Technical measuring instruments are measures having standardized metrological characteristics.)
Etymology
The term we are considering comes from the pre-Slavic měra, from which, in particular, words with the same meaning were formed in languages such as Old Russian, Old Slavic (mѣra), Russian, as well as Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian, Czech, Slovak, Polish.
Scientists suggest that originally this word existed in such ancient languages as:
- Old Indian: mímāti - “merit”, mātram - “measure”;
- Ancient Czech: měn– “measure”;
- Latin: mētior - “measure”;
- Greek: μῆτις - “advice, reason”, μητιάω - “I conclude”;
- Gothic: mēla - “bag, measure (grain)”, mitan - “measure”.
Synonyms
The linguistic object we are studying has the following synonyms:
- Balance.
- The border.
- Act.
- Dose.
- Unit.
- Golden mean.
- Caliber.
- Number.
- The edge.
- Criterion.
- Scale.
- Meryl.
- Merka.
- Event.
- Norm.
- Volume.
- Options.
- Limit.
- The size.
- Framework.
- Frontier.
- Proportionality.
- Means.
- Measuring tool.
- Standard.
- Power.
- Moderation.
- Level.
- Establishment.
- Format.
- Reference.
Stable combinations and phraseological units:
- As far as strength (opportunity).
- Know the limits.
- At least (at least).
- All in moderation.
- Without measure.
- In no way.
- Fully.
- As.
Versts and kilometers
Next, we consider what length measures are used in our country.
- The largest of them is 1 kilometer, which is designated as km and is equal to 1000 meters, designated as m.
- The meter consists of decimeters (dm) and centimeters (cm), it contains 10 dm and 100 cm.
- 1 decimeter equals 10 centimeters.
- 1 centimeter is 10 millimeters (mm).
And how did you measure distances in the old days? Earlier in Russia there were such length measures as:
- Verst. 1 verst is 500 fathoms or 1066.8 meters.
- Fathom. 1 sazhen is equal to 3 arshins - approximately 2 meters.
- Arshin. 1 arshin is 16 inches, or 28 inches, or about 71 centimeters.
- Top. 1 tip equals 1.75 inches - approximately 4.5 centimeters.
- Inch. 1 inch is 10 lines or about 2.5 centimeters.
A bit of geometry
Consider such a geometric concept as a "measure of the angle." It is understood as the value by which the beam rotates around the point from where it comes from, as around the center of rotation. A measure of the angle is measured in degrees and shows how many degrees are placed in a particular angle, that is, between its sides.
In addition, degrees are divided into minutes and seconds. One complete revolution made by a segment around a central point equals 360 ° . The right angle is 90 °, and the expanded angle is 180 °. The division of the circle by 360 ° was invented in Babylon.
Crime control
It is a system within which the activities of both state and public bodies are carried out, aimed at ensuring:
- Compliance with the rules prescribed by criminal law.
- Avoidance of harm to interests and benefits under protection.
This system is characterized by active opposition to crime and is expressed in the application of measures to combat it. Among them are such as:
- Prevention, which consists in influencing the factors causing the commission of crimes.
- Suppression of illegal activities.
- The application of penalties to violators.
One of the most effective control measures is punishment, which is a kind of social consequence of the crime committed. It represents the main form of implementation of criminal liability.
According to legal scholars, the right of the state machine to impose penalties arises from its task - to ensure the safety of public life, to preserve the inviolability of the legal system. The application of punishment, as a rule, takes place in accordance with a court decision and only in the strict procedural order established by law.
In other countries
Unlike Russia, in the criminal legislation of other countries, among the measures of criminal legal influence, there is also such an instrument as security measures. They are practiced, for example, in the UK, Germany, USA.
In contrast to punishment, they do not set as their goal intimidation or retribution, they are only called to eliminate the so-called dangerous state of a person who has committed or may commit a socially dangerous act.
Among such measures, the main one is a preventive conclusion, the purpose of which is prevention, that is, the prevention of crime. As a rule, it is not limited to a strictly defined period, which makes it possible to vary it in accordance with the change in the “dangerous state” of the individual.
Counterterrorism Activities
In modern reality, security measures used to protect against terrorism are of particular relevance. An example is those that are used in schools and other educational institutions. They suggest the implementation of an integrated approach, including:
- Carrying out activities aimed at countering terrorism.
- Measures to instill a common safety culture.
- Training in safe behavior in various dangerous situations.
The main types of safety measures used in schools include:
- Security is anti-terrorism.
- Fire fighting.
- Ecological.
- Maintenance of public order.
- Safety training and work.
- Protection against crimes against the person and property.
In civil law
Concluding the discussion of the fact that this is a measure, we consider one more aspect of the use of this word. It is directly related to such a field of law as civil. It provides such an important institution as protective measures. They are aimed at restoring violated rights and ensuring the performance of duties. These include, for example:
- Recognition of the invalidity of the transaction.
- Transfer to prepayment.
- Forced treatment.
- Collection of taxes and fees.
- Fulfillment of contractual obligations.