As we know, a certain part of oxygen and fuel is necessary for the operation of any internal combustion engine. In simple words, any modern car cannot move without gasoline or diesel fuel. It would seem that there is something interesting in a substance like gasoline? But today you will learn all those interesting facts that were previously unknown to you. So, 95 gasoline - what makes this fluid special?
The process of obtaining fuel from oil
Like diesel, this substance originates in a refinery. You can see one of such powerful enterprises in the photo below.
Here, high-octane gasoline, as well as other types of fuel, are obtained from conventional oil. Gasoline itself is formed during the selection of oil fractions, which boil away at high temperatures (about 100-300 degrees Celsius). Fuel of the first grade is obtained at 100 degrees Celsius. Gasoline of the second grade - at 110-130 degrees. And already at a temperature of 265 degrees and above receive kerosene.
In small quantities, 95 gasoline is obtained by processing oil shale and coal. In some cases, in the production of the said liquid, natural gases and other hydrocarbon feedstocks are used. Also in the CIS, the technology of selecting fuel fractions using coked resins using additional purification is very often practiced.
Scope in various fields
As we said earlier, the main field of application of this fluid is piston internal combustion engines. In addition, distinguish between automobile and aviation gasoline. The latter is characterized by a high quality indicator and special operational properties. Modern jet fuel must meet a number of approved requirements that ensure reliable and well-coordinated operation of ICE. At the same time, gasoline must have good volatility. This characteristic allows you to get a high-quality and uniform fuel-air mixture at any temperature and operating mode. The combustion process itself should occur without detonation, and in all modes of operation. During long-term storage, jet fuel does not change its composition and does not adversely affect the tanks in which it is contained, and the details of the fuel system itself.
Automobile 95 gasoline and AI-92 (as an alternative)
Now in more detail about automobile fuel. Many drivers, especially owners of foreign cars, often puzzle: what fuel is better to fill in - gasoline 95 or 92nd? The answer to this question is very ambiguous. The fact is that the AI-92 is suitable only for those foreign cars that were produced in the 80s of the last century. Since the 90s, almost all global automakers began to produce gasoline powered cars with an octane rating of at least 94. That is, almost all modern cars should be filled exclusively with AI-95. In general, the requirements for the octane number are approved by the manufacturer (this figure can be seen in any instruction manual).
About the sins of domestic gas stations
True, the quality of fuel depends not only on the notorious octane rating. It is also determined by the presence of acids, various organic compounds, solids and sulfur. Unfortunately, the percentage of all of the above components at our gas stations significantly exceeds the norm specified by GOST and DSTU. As a result of a high concentration of sulfur, sediments, and sometimes water, such gasoline during combustion triggers detonation processes. As a result, the engine resource is significantly reduced, and the fuel system itself is very seriously clogged. Engine parts with frequent use of such gasoline are susceptible to corrosion, tar and carbon formation. Of course, if such fuel was supplied directly to the engine without passing through the fuel filters, then at the first start-up the engine could be safely sent to a landfill. After all, it is a fine filter installed from the conveyor on all foreign cars by the manufacturer that collects all the dirt and deposits that could get into the combustion chamber. In this regard, the resource of their operation on our roads is 10-15 thousand kilometers (against 60-80 thousand in Germany!).
What conclusion should be drawn from this? If, according to the technical requirements, your car is designed for AI-95 consumption, in no case should you pour 92nd into its tank, as this can significantly aggravate the operation of the engine and the fuel system as a whole.
About Labeling
Earlier we talked about AI-95 and AI-92 gasoline. But in addition to this, fuel is produced in the CIS countries with other octane numbers. These are AI-72, AI-76, AI-80, AI-91, AI-93, as well as AI-98. In addition, gasoline can be produced in several variations and be leaded, unleaded and unleaded. There are also differences between summer and winter types of fuel, but to a greater extent this difference applies to diesel fuel, since it freezes already at -10 degrees Celsius. At a gas station, fuel can be painted in a wide variety of colors. For example, the 72nd gasoline acquires a pink tint, the 76th - yellow, and the 92nd and 93rd - orange-red. The most expensive, 98th, is painted in blue.
In Western countries, you can often find signs that state that there is 95 Premium and Regular gasoline on sale. And if we use similar announcements as an advertising move, then, say, in Germany this means that this fuel belongs to the 1st grade ("Premium") with an octane number of 97-98, or to the second ("Regular"), which corresponds to the number 90-94. In the USA and Great Britain, you can buy Super gasoline with an octane rating of 99-102. This is most often poured into expensive brands of sports cars.
Fuel price
The cost of 95 gasoline in all countries is different and constantly changing. It would seem that just a couple of years ago, at our gas stations the AI-95 was sold for 24-28 rubles. per liter. Today, at many gas stations, its price has increased to 35-36 rubles per liter (for example, 95 Lukoil gasoline).
In Turkey, fuel is sold at a price of more than $ 2 per liter, which in translation with our money is about 70 rubles. About the same fuel costs in the countries of Scandinavia and the European Union. True, the quality of such fuel is significantly different from ours, and for the better.