Russian Fleet Day is celebrated on the last Sunday of July annually. On this holiday, a huge parade is held and honor is given to the dead and serving officers, soldiers.
The fleet was created on the basis of Soviet naval weapons. And they, in turn, were based on the development and functioning of the troops, whose system has been preserved since the time of Peter the Great. The year 1696 is considered the year of formation of water protection, when the Duma approved a document on the continued existence of regular troops.
Navy name formation
There are two options for writing the decoding of the abbreviation of the Navy: all words with a capital letter and all (except the first) with a lowercase.
The first option, which looks like this: “The Navy of Russia,” is most often used in official documents. Such spelling is allowed by the web resource "Gramota.ru". However, he also speaks of the correctness of the second. The only true option does not exist. On the Internet, some admit the spelling of the Russian Navy.
Tasks assigned to the Navy
In the formation of the Russian fleet , he was given many goals and tasks. Among them, the following can be noted:
- Mandatory participation in actions that take place at the international level and carry political, economic and humanitarian meaning, if necessary, in the interests of the state.
- Russia's navy guarantees the presence of Russian ships in the oceans. Located there, it shows the flag of its state and state symbols. He meets ships and ships that arrived on an official visit to the president.
- Provides and is the guarantor of the inviolability of the water area of the Russian Federation.
- The Russian Northern Fleet, like other units, reports and prevents an attack on the territory of the state if the threat comes from the water area.
- It guarantees the use of military duties that extend beyond the state borders in the event of an attack.
Navy of the Russian Federation
The fleet structure of the Russian Federation is quite simple. Military forces are divided into several categories. We are talking about surface and submarine forces and aviation, which, in turn, also has its own units. There is also a kind of force like coastal troops. The latter are divided into two categories.
The Russian navy has in its arsenal many dozens of ships and vessels, as well as special rear defense systems. In 1777, the Hydrographic Service was created, which functions to this day. Its task is to provide the army with navigational aids that are needed to study the water part belonging to the Federation.
The surface forces of any strategic association of the Russian Navy (we are talking about units such as the Northern Fleet of Russia) are responsible for the protection of naval structures, the transportation and concealment of paratroopers and their units. They act as a guarantor of protection against mine installations in the water, provide entry and exit of ships and ships, and also control underwater structures.
History of the Russian Navy
Kievan Rus (aka Old Russian State) had a structure similar to the navy already in the 9th century. However, at that time the fleet was not in service with the country all the time, but was only going to carry out attacks on neighboring territories. Novgorod land, which had access to two seas at once, periodically supported the development of such an important unit as the Russian fleet. Ships were built directly at local assembly plants and were used in various military discussions.
After Muscovy began to strengthen its position, there was a need for strengthening the naval forces. In order to secure the territory near the Baltic Sea, Ivan the Terrible during his reign gave the order to create a flotilla. She did not last long - just a year. Also known information is that in the XVI century Cossack regiments fought for access to the Black Sea. Then the Russian army and navy played a huge role in the fight against the Turkish invaders.
After the discovery of some bays and seas in the 17th century, the need arose for the formation of a pilotage service. Its main forces were located in the Bering Strait. "Frederic" - this is the name given to the ship of the naval forces of Russia, which sank in the year of creation.
The Russian fleet was actively used in battles with Sweden. However, until 1688, naval armaments were not permanent. This was connected with the financial sphere, and with the economic, and with the political. Historians have long associated the creation of regular troops with the name of the famous Tsar Peter the Great. He inherited from his father a boat that he loved and constantly developed. Already after a while he swam long distances on it. And the so-called "amusing" fleet of Russia of Peter I became the progenitor of the modern naval forces of the great Federation.
The winters of 1965-1966 can be described as a huge breakthrough in the arms of Russia. The mass production of ships and ships. The first Azov campaign was not successful, which cannot be said about the second. In the next raid, the Russian fleet was able to completely cut off Azov from the seas, due to which the garrison admitted defeat. And it was this event that laid the foundation for the creation of permanent naval weapons, which was officially registered in 1969.
Russian Navy today
For a long time, the Russian fleet remained one of the most powerful in the world. In 1985, the total number of ships amounted to almost 1600 thousand, and in its structure and weapons, the state took second place, second only to the United States. By 2010, the ships of the Russian fleet fell sharply in quantity - only 150 units were in service (the difference is immediately noticeable). However, government officials have repeatedly talked about the prevailing power over many states, while they insisted that the quantitative aspect does not matter.
Admiral Kasatonov, who was once the commander of one of the units of the fleet of the Russian Federation, said that the tasks of the naval military were minimized. It was announced that at the moment the main goal of the fleet is to repulse the enemy attack and keep territorial boundaries intact (of course, we are talking about zones that are adjacent to the water area and the coast).
For a long time, the Pacific Fleet of Russia, like some other parts, did not go into the oceans. Again, ships “set foot” on this territory only at the beginning of the 21st century. December 1, 2014 is the date when the NCCA of the Russian Federation became again controlled by naval forces.
Development plans
In connection with the creation of a state plan for the rearmament of naval forces until 2020, it is planned to order about 10 submarines, which will continue to fulfill important strategic and secret missions. And the same number of submarines are planned to be imported for more general tasks and purposes.
Quite recently, the development of the destroyer on paper, which in the near future will be able to get into mass production and enter the arsenal of the fleet of the Russian Federation, has been completed. These destroyers will be able to reflect space strikes and rockets, which creates additional protection and time for preparing a retaliatory strike or a peaceful resolution to the conflict. And to protect the Barents Sea , ships are designed specifically for such climatic zones.
Modernization of the Navy
Until 2020, a large-scale modernization of the Russian fleet is planned. At a minimum, it is planned to install a nuclear shell on some ships. This will provide additional influence in the world, which is so much weakened by recent events and constant sanctions. Most of the weapons will be dismantled volley fire systems, they will be replaced by more modern installations. And the fleet will receive more than 20 of the latest fighters.
Infantry
Recently, it was decided to rearm the navy and equip it with new weapons. This program was planned for 2011 and will continue until 2020.
Each time, the authorities report on the work done, reporting on how much money has been spent. For example, in the spring season of 2012, infantry soldiers received new technically equipped body armor. The plans also include the appearance of a tracked vehicle, which will be equipped specifically for the Russian fleet. It was announced the purchase and production of equipment that will allow this unit to operate at any time of the day, regardless of climatic conditions and the location of the soldiers.
Aviation
The Russian fleet is armed with airplanes, helicopters, aircraft carriers and drones. Every year they improve, which in any case allows you to repel an enemy attack or send soldiers to scout for the right territory. They are already working on a project that implements the massive use of unmanned systems under water. This will greatly improve the marine power of the state.
The Russian Northern Fleet is increasing the number of helicopters that are ready for use directly from the ship. Universal copies of aircraft carriers have been developed for a long time, and only recently began their production.