How are the lungs and how is the respiratory process carried out?

How are the lungs arranged? This question interests many people. We all know very well that this organ is necessary for us to breathe and consume vital oxygen. However, how does all this happen? It is unlikely that anyone will be able to answer. Well, you need to figure this out.

how are the lungs

Breathing process

So, explaining how the lungs are arranged, it is first of all to tell about the implementation of the respiratory process. Air first enters the nasal cavity (through the nostrils), where it heats up to the required temperature and is cleaned of dust and other particles. Then he finds himself in the larynx. This is a cavity surrounded on both sides by vocal cords. Further, the air goes through the trachea, bronchi and then enters directly into the lungs.

Well, here, in principle, how the lungs are arranged. Separately, they as an organ, of course, can be considered, but it is not for nothing that they enter the single respiratory system, in which they are the main component.

how are the human lungs

Structure

And now directly on how the lungs are arranged. They are located in the chest cavity, in close proximity to the heart. To be more precise, on either side of it. Both the heart and lungs are protected by the sternum and ribs, that is, the chest. Below is the diaphragm. This is the name of the special muscular septum, which has the shape of a dome. It is she who separates the chest from the abdominal cavity.

But for us to have a full-fledged ability to breathe, we need a larger chest volume. For this, the respiratory muscles that are located between the ribs are intended. They move apart at the moment when the diaphragm is lowered. Thus, air enters the lungs. And when a person exhales, the diaphragm returns to its usual state, as do the ribs that press the lungs. This is how air is pushed back.

The outer lungs themselves are like a cone with a base pointing down. Each organ is covered with pleura, consisting of 2 layers. Between them, by the way, there is a little fluid. This whole structure is a kind of lung protection.

how lungs are arranged briefly

Organ components

Now itโ€™s worthwhile to talk in more detail about how the human lungs are arranged. So, their main are the bronchi, which with their branches look like a tree. They have a similar form for a reason. The bronchi are the โ€œskeleton" for pulmonary soft tissues. Because of this specific appearance, they are called the bronchial tree.

If we talk about how the lungs are arranged, briefly, then we can say: there are only two of them, and each is divided into shares. There are two in the left lung, and three in the right. Shares are also divided - into small cells. They are really tiny - no more than 25 mm in length and 15 mm in width. The bronchi are divided into bronchioles, which, in turn, are composed of alveoli. These are tiny โ€œpouchesโ€. Their structure is connective tissue and fibers, having the ability to contract and stretch. A lot of components, as you can see. By the way, in both lungs there are about 800 million (!) Notorious alveoli. It is in them that air gets that a person inhales. But before that, he will go a long way through all those components that have been described above. Through the alveoli, oxygen is in the blood. And then the reverse process begins - the way out of the lungs of carbon dioxide.


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