Physiotherapy is understood as one of the treatment methods in which physical factors are used not chemical factors (drugs). These include, for example, laser, ultrasound, magnetic field, currents, and more. During the procedures, special apparatus for physiotherapy is used. Indications for use are almost all pathologies of internal organs. Contraindications are individual.
The benefits of treatment
Thanks to this effect, the period of getting rid of many pathologies is significantly reduced, and relapse and disease complications are prevented. Physiotherapy does not cause the side effects inherent in drug treatment. During the procedures, an increase in the effect of the drugs taken is noted, which in turn significantly reduces their dosage and duration of administration, and in some cases makes it possible to completely abandon pharmacological agents.
Methods of physiotherapy. Electric current treatment
Electrotherapy involves the use of direct or pulsed current. Apply and exposure to an electromagnetic field of different frequencies. Therapies using electricity are different. Each of them is characterized by certain features.
Galvanization is a procedure during which a continuous electric current is applied to a low voltage (30 to 60 V), low power (up to 50 mA), constant amplitude and direction. It is recommended for lesions and pathologies of the peripheral and central nervous systems, for injuries, disorders of the digestive system. Indications include a number of inflammatory diseases in a chronic course, circulatory disorders.
Through constant electric current, drugs are administered through the mucous membranes and the skin. Medicinal electrophoresis, therefore, includes the action of two factors: a specific medication and galvanic current.
Impulse action
During procedures, the action of the current can be inhibitory (analgesic, for example) or stimulating (muscle stimulation). It depends on the shape of the pulse (it can be rectangular, half-sinusoidal or sinusoidal), frequency and duration. Diadynamic therapy involves the use of constant currents with a half-sinusoidal shape. Frequency - 50 and 100 Hz. During the procedures, combinations of pulses can also be used.
If we consider the general nature of the impact, diadynamic therapy has few differences from galvanization. However, the pulsed nature, which has a constant current in the first case, provides a deeper penetration into the muscle tissue. In this regard, in the process of exposure, an analgesic effect is manifested.
Electrosleep is a neurotropic pulsed electrotherapy. The impact is on the subcortical brain structures. Due to the synchronization of pulses and biorhythms in the central nervous system, the processes of inhibition are activated and sleep occurs. This method is used in the treatment of children with night sleep disorders, mental and nervous pathologies. The indications include enuresis, atopic dermatitis.
Low frequency treatment . Physiotherapy SMT
What is this impact? This type of treatment involves the use of a modulated sinusoidal current of sound frequency. Pulse series, for which modulation frequency, pause and duration are available, are called sinusoidal modulated current.
SMT in medicine is used to facilitate deep penetration into tissues. In the process of exposure, the intensity of the pain syndrome decreases. SMT physiotherapy for children is especially effective. Reviews of many parents indicate not only the high effectiveness of this treatment, but also its safety. Within a relatively short period, the manifestations of a number of pathologies of the respiratory system, neurogenic bladder dysfunction, enuresis are eliminated.
Myoelectrostimulation is an SMT physiotherapy used to correct the functional state of nerves and muscles. As one example, the implantation of a miniature pacemaker, which provides the supply of rhythmic pulses to the heart against the background of blockade of its pathways. In addition, this method of treatment is used for pathologies of muscles and nerves.
Fluctuorization and interference therapy
SMT physiotherapy with the use of an alternating sinusoidal current of small voltage and strength with a frequency and amplitude changing in a chaotic order is recommended for diseases of the nervous system (peripheral) accompanied by pain. The indications include inflammatory pathologies of the superficial type (occurring on the skin).
Interference therapy is a complex effect of two electric currents with the same amplitude and different average frequencies. Pulses are supplied by means of two or more pairs of electrodes so that they interfere (overlap and amplify) within the tissue. Such treatment is recommended for patients with injuries and pathologies of bones and muscles (for damage to ligaments, for example), central nervous system, with enuresis, pain syndromes.
Medium Current Treatment
Darsonvalization is the impact on specific areas of the body using electric alternating current with a low frequency, high voltage, low power and impulse character. The corona discharge (type of gas discharge) acts as an active factor. It occurs between a special electrode and the surface of the body. With a small air gap, the corona discharge is quiet, with a significant spark gap. Both of these types are used in the treatment of a sufficiently large number of pathologies. In particular, the indications include neuralgia, varicose veins, neuritis, affecting the auditory nerve, and hypertension. Recommended exposure to migraines, vegetative-vascular dystonia, prostatitis, long-term non-healing wounds.
Ultratreatment is an SMT physiotherapy using a current of low strength,
high voltage and frequency. The active factor, as with darsonvalization, is the corona discharge. However, with ultratreatment, the effect causes less intense pain.
Dynamic electroneurostimulation is the effect of current pulses, whose shape is set in accordance with the values of the absolute electrical resistance of the skin surface under the electrode. During the procedure, local exposure occurs. However, the influence can spread over a wide area. DENS is recommended for patients with various neuralgia, movement disorders, osteochondrosis, and traumatic injuries.
Ultra high frequency treatment
This effect on the body is carried out mainly using an ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field with a wavelength of 1 to 10 m. The active factor in this case is an alternating field that can penetrate to great depths. Exposure is accompanied by the release of heat in the tissues. This is due to vibrations of charged particles.
In addition, an oscillatory effect is manifested, which is an orientational shift of dipole molecules - glycolipids, water-soluble proteins, phospholipids, glycoproteins. This, in turn, contributes to a change in their physical and chemical properties, affects the enzymatic and free radical reactions in tissues. UHF is prescribed for chronic and acute inflammatory pathologies of the internal and ENT organs, urinary, musculoskeletal and respiratory systems.
Physiotherapy Apparatus
These devices are used to provide therapeutic effects using laser radiation, a magnetic field, electric current, heat and other things. The Darsonval device has been used since the end of the 19th century. One of the characteristic effects when using the equipment is a vegetovascular reaction. It develops on the principle of an axon reflex and is accompanied by an increase in microcirculation, expansion of capillaries and arterioles.
In addition, a decrease in blood pressure is noted, vascular spasms are eliminated, the permeability of the walls of the vessels changes. It should be noted that the antispasmodic effect is observed not only in the areas exposed, but also in the segments associated with them and in the internal organs. With cardiac pathologies, the use of the device improves myocardial nutrition, dilates the coronary vessels, and normalizes the rhythm against the background of tachycardia in patients with moderate coronary artery disease.
Amplipulse device
This is a universal multifunctional device for SMT treatment used in clinics. The device has 4 independent channels. This allows you to act simultaneously on several procedural fields. The main types of therapeutic effects include analgesia, vasodilator, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, there is a decongestant, trophicostimulating, absorbable effect.
Indications
Procedures are recommended for patients with severe pain, vascular disorders, exudative inflammatory processes. Indications include degenerative-dystrophic processes, hypotrophy phenomena. The device also has an electropuncture mode. This allows you to exert an effect on biological points with sinusoidal simulated currents (SMT physiotherapy). Patient reviews indicate the high effectiveness of the treatment. They note a significant improvement. According to many patients, SMT physiotherapy does not cause side effects characteristic of pharmacological preparations. The impact of simulated currents is tolerated satisfactorily by patients of different ages.
Contraindications to treatment using electric current
All procedures are carried out in accordance with the established diagnosis. With a number of pathologies, electrotherapy is not prescribed. Such diseases, in particular, include malignant tumors, cardiac arrhythmias, severe circulatory disorders. Among the contraindications should be noted diseases accompanied by high body temperature, acute inflammatory processes. This type of treatment is not prescribed for patients with a predisposition to thrombosis.