At least once in a lifetime, drugs for alcohol poisoning at home are needed by almost anyone. Excessive drinking or a randomly caught bottle of low-quality product are mute health threats. Simple intoxication and serious poisoning at first manifest themselves as similar phenomena, and it is important to be able to recognize when a person needs urgent help.
Why trouble?
The need for drugs for alcohol poisoning, vomiting occurs due to the characteristics of the human digestive system. Normally, food processing involves generating 0.4 ppm of alcohol in the intestinal tract. This process is natural and normal, and the indicated amount does not lead to undesirable consequences. Exceeding this volume means poisoning the body, as a result - intoxication with all its inherent symptoms. The main substance poisonous to humans is ethanol.
One of the features of alcohol is the fast rate of absorption of alcohol through the gastric walls, and the process of absorption is much slower. If the body contains more ethanol than is prescribed by nature, liver resources are not enough to cleanse the circulatory system. The higher doses a person consumes and the shorter the time interval for the poison to enter the body, the higher will be the concentration of ethanol in the circulatory system, and with it the reaction products of its partial transformation.
And what is the effect?
It is not surprising that a person soon after the excessive use of alcohol realizes that he urgently needs an effective cure for alcohol poisoning. The poison that enters the body inhibits the activity of the central nervous system, and the higher the concentration of alcohol, the more aggressive the effect on the centers responsible for the ability to breathe. Ethanol reduces the activity of the cerebral center that regulates the vascular network. All this explains the classic signs of intoxication and poisoning. But intoxication due to the use of a low-quality product is associated with the aggressive influence of active substances present in the alcohol substitute - they inhibit the functioning of tissues at the cellular level.
Fake workshops often replace alcohol with non-food varieties: methyl, isopropyl. If a classic liquor is made with ethanol, a fake can be made on a non-food variety of the same liquid. Additional risks are associated with the potential toxicity of other components in the product. The cheaper the alcohol, the greater the danger. The consequences, especially if you do not take the medication for alcohol poisoning on time, can be the most sad - from discomfort and vomiting to a critical condition and death.
Risks: who are special for?
Even a high-quality alcoholic drink is dangerous to human life and health if you drink too much of it. So that you do not have to urgently find out how to take medications for alcohol poisoning, which drugs are effective, and which will not help and can even be dangerous, you should be guided in the allowable amounts of alcohol for a person.
Nowadays, the industry offers a huge variety of degree drinks of different levels of strength, so it is not easy to describe exactly what is the highest safe dose for a person. It is considered fatal to take pure ethyl alcohol in an amount of 4-12 g per kilogram. The parameter is exclusively individual, much is determined by the weight, age of the person, the presence of acute and chronic diseases, the use of medications. A genetic predisposition to poisoning is possible. Important factors are the strength of alcohol consumed and its quality, as well as the condition of the body as a whole. Some people believe that as the human body ages, it becomes less susceptible to ethanol. In fact, everything happens exactly the opposite: the older the person, the more unstable the balance of fluids and salts in the circulatory system, the stronger the strong drink.
Norms and Parameters
To make it easier to navigate the dangers, per mille were introduced - it is in them that the permissible values of alcohol for a person are calculated. Ppm is the thousandth of a substance. For drivers in our country, 0.16 ppm is allowed. To find out how much was drunk, you can check the blood or urine in the laboratory, or you can use a tester that gives an instant result - this is a special device that determines the level of alcohol in exhaled air.
So far, it has not been possible to find out who needs drugs more often after alcohol poisoning, and which sex is more resistant to alcohol. They say with confidence that the risk of death with severe intoxication is especially high if the person is in advanced years, if it is a child, a pregnant woman, as well as her fetus. Increased hazards are associated with heart, vascular, gastric diseases.
Manifestations: how to identify?
It is possible to assume that it is necessary to take at least expensive, even cheap medicine for alcohol poisoning, if specific symptoms appear. Intoxication develops almost instantly and without adequate and quick help there is a danger of death. Poisoning components lead to loss of consciousness, coma. A victim of alcohol cannot stand, move, maintain a stable posture that requires muscle tension, is not able to perceive data. This condition has nothing to do with sleep - waking up a person with screams or dousing will not work. If the poisoned person retains consciousness, from the side you can see inaudible movements of the limbs, with your head towards the stimulus - but nothing more.
Poisoning can be noticed by vomiting, nausea, convulsions, loss of consciousness in whole or in part. Under the influence of intoxication, a person cannot communicate, breathes slowly, making less than eight breaths per minute, and pauses between acts last more than 10 seconds. The skin turns pale and blue, the body temperature drops.
Case severity
It is customary to separate cases according to the stages of coma. A superficial coma can be noticed if the body of the poisoned is warm, the skin integument is close to healthy in tone, the pupils are narrow, but respond to a light test. The use of ammonia provokes movement of the limbs and facial expressions, while the patient does not recover. Abundantly generated saliva, uncontrolled flow of urine, pressure above normal.
Medium severity is all of these symptoms, but they are more pronounced. The muscle tone of the body is weak, testing with ammonia practically does not give a reaction.
Deep coma is accompanied by severe blanching, blue skin, cold extremities. As a rule, external stimuli do not provoke a reaction, the pupils are narrow, expanding at the time of respiratory failure. Pressure drops to critical levels.
Any degree of coma can be accompanied by a retraction of the tongue, which is fraught with blockage of the respiratory tract. Saliva, vomit can penetrate the trachea, leading to suffocation.
Causes and consequences
Symptoms that indicate the need for medication for alcohol poisoning vary depending on what the substance caused intoxication. There are frequent cases when the condition is associated with the use of cosmetic or perfume products. A poor-quality product may not contain ethanol, but hazardous methanol, which is allowed to be used only to ensure the operation of batteries.
The main symptom of methanol ingestion is visual impairment, leading to blindness. Over time, limbs begin to hurt, head, heart contractions go astray, consciousness becomes foggy. A poisoned person can cramp.
How to help?
The ability to provide first aid in case of alcohol intoxication can save a person's life. First you need to put the poisoned on its side - the supine position, the abdomen is potentially dangerous, because the discharge can get into the trachea. If the drunk vomits, mechanically clean the mouth with towels and napkins, after which they fix the tongue, preventing dropping. Assuming that the trachea is clogged, the poisoned person is tilted forward and knocked between the shoulder blades - the provoking cough will clear the respiratory system.
It is believed that first you need to take a cure for alcohol poisoning, which will help empty the stomach, but this is nothing more than a delusion. Ethanol, methanol and other low-quality types of alcohol are absorbed almost instantly when passing through the digestive tract, so no sorbents will have a quick effect.
Help measures depend on the condition of the patient. You can try using ammonia to restore a person to consciousness, but you can’t touch the facial skin moistened with cotton wool in the product, otherwise a small burn can not be avoided. If a person wakes up, they give him 4 glasses of soda solution. Prepared from the calculation of a small spoonful of product per 250 ml of water. The next stage is the provocation of an emetic attack, after which you need to drink a glass of strong tea.
Cases and Features
A situation is possible when ammonia does not give the desired effect. Here you can’t do without the help of a qualified doctor, so you need to immediately call an ambulance. You can not provoke vomiting yourself.
If the coma is superficial, the doctor will rinse the stomach using a special device, and after that it will bring the victim to consciousness. With moderate and severe coma, it is necessary to hospitalize the victim of poisoning in the toxicological department of the hospital. The doctor injects an antidote that neutralizes hazardous substances. As a rule, 4-methylpyrazole is injected, folic acid is prescribed in the oral form, ethanol is poured into a vein in the form of a 30% solution.
Everything is not so bad: consciousness is preserved
If signs of alcohol poisoning are observed, measures should be taken to eliminate the consequences, otherwise there is a likelihood of complications. In pharmacies, there are many drugs that prevent dehydration of the body, normalizing the composition of fluids and electrolytes in the circulatory system. There are medications to help control nausea and the gag reflex, regulate stool and relieve soreness and cramping. Means that stabilize the digestive system, as well as removing dangerous substances from the body, come to the rescue. Medicines will be useful to normalize the balance of microorganisms in the intestinal tract. Especially severe poisoning occurs in persons of advanced and minor age, in women carrying a child. It is among such a contingent that there are more often cases of severe complications, and the healing process stretches for a long time.
Relief of the condition can be achieved by resorting to complex treatment. Choosing a cure for nausea in case of alcohol poisoning, you should take a closer look at the sorbents, but you should not forget about drugs that reduce the risk of dehydration. Other components of treatment include, focusing on the symptoms of a particular case.
Rehydrants
This group of medications is required to use, regardless of what caused the poisoning. Preparations of this class prevent dehydration and normalize the mineral, salt composition of the blood. The most commonly used classic product is sold in pharmacies under the name of Regidron. The price for it is about 400 rubles for a package containing up to a dozen bags. A distinctive feature of the drug is a high concentration of sodium compounds. At present, among other drugs for alcohol poisoning, this is considered to be the best for preventing dehydration.
"Regidron" is approved for use by people of all age categories. The powder contained in one sachet is dissolved in half a liter of water and consumed during the day. The amount per day is calculated based on weight. Dosage - 10 ml / kg. The best result will give the use of "Regidron" in the first hour after intoxication. Next, the dose is halved. The drug can not be taken with kidney failure, intestinal obstruction, cholera diarrhea. The prepared solution can be stored in a refrigerator for 24 hours. They drink Rehydron only warm.
Sorbents
Such pills for alcohol poisoning should always be at home, even if a person usually does not drink alcohol. However, they help with intoxication of a different nature, not only associated with the use of alcohol. Sorbents help cleanse the body of harmful bacteria and toxic compounds. As mentioned above, they will not be able to remove methanol from the body, they are unlikely to get rid of ethanol, since these substances are too quickly absorbed into the circulatory system, but they will reduce the activity of the urge to vomit and help to somewhat reduce the heat characteristic of poisoning.
The simplest sorbent present in the medicine cabinet of almost any of our compatriots is activated carbon. This natural substance absorbs about 220 toxic compounds, due to which it has become indispensable for mass poisoning. Coal is not dangerous for minors. Choosing which medicines to drink in case of alcohol poisoning, it is worth starting with two dozen tablets of coal. Three hours after the initial use, another ten are absorbed. This program is continued for five days.
Activated carbon can not be used if the patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics, if a gastric or intestinal ulcer is detected. Coal is strictly prohibited if poisoning is supposed to be with iron-containing products (in this case, you need to drink milk or eat a couple of raw egg whites). Coal intake can cause stool upset. Under the influence of the remedy, the masses during stool will be painted black. The price of one package is from five rubles.
What else will help?
At a price of one hundred rubles, Smecta is sold in pharmacies. When deciding which drugs to drink in case of alcohol poisoning, you should pay attention to its quality of the sorbent. Smecta is made from natural ingredients, it contains products with an enveloping effect. The medicine is allowed for minors, and in comparison with activated charcoal, it shows an efficiency that is many times greater.
The contents of one package are dissolved in half a glass of water and drunk. It is necessary to use the medicine five days in a row three times daily with eight-hour pauses between servings. The drug is strictly prohibited for intestinal obstruction. Treatment can cause vomiting, increased gas formation.
An equally reliable drug is presented in pharmacies under the name Polyphepan. This sorbent is made from cellulose, effective in chemical poisoning and the penetration of toxic irritants into the body. Volumes shown per day depend on body weight and severity of condition. The daily volume calculated in accordance with the accompanying instructions is divided into four portions, the medicine is dissolved in half a glass of water and immediately drunk. Duration of use is up to five days. "Polyphepan" is forbidden to use against a background of gastritis, frequent constipation. The drug can provoke an allergic response. The cost of one package is up to one hundred rubles.
Enzymes
When choosing which pills to take for alcohol poisoning, you should take a closer look at enzyme medications. They are effective in various forms of food poisoning, including caused by alcohol, and reduce the aggressive effect on the pancreas. Most often they use Mezim. This medicine protects the gastric walls from the effects of hydrochloric acid, increases the rate of digestion of foods and alleviates the symptoms of intestinal tract infection. The medicine can be used by persons over the age of three. The drug is used during a meal, one or two capsules are taken at a time, washed down with clean water without additives. Mezim should not be used for pancreatitis, an allergic reaction to the ingredients of the medicine, or obstruction of the intestinal tract. The use of the composition can cause bronchial spasm, activation of lacrimation. There is a risk of skin reactions and disorders of stool, stomach pain. The cost of one pack is about 200 rubles.
No less well-known name of the drug for poisoning (alcohol and various foods) is “Festal”.The tool is considered effective due to the combined composition. It is intended for use with a short course, prolonged use can provoke a malfunction of the pancreas. Dose - one or two tablets after a meal. Kus can reach a week. You can not use the medicine if a person is sick with hepatitis, pancreatitis, stones are detected in the gall bladder. Contraindications are intestinal obstruction and a tendency to loose stools. "Festal" can cause allergies, dyspepsia. The cost of one package is up to 350 rubles.
Safety comes first
When choosing which medications to take in case of alcohol poisoning, anti-inflammatory non-hormonal class should be avoided, even if the poisoning is accompanied by severe pain. The popular painkillers Nimesil, Analgin will not only not improve, but will only worsen the condition of the poisoning victim. All these drugs irritate the gastric mucous membranes, making the symptoms worse.
And if you vomit?
The names of drugs, drugs for alcohol poisoning, which can not be dispensed with, are “Tserukal”, “Domrid”. These agents help control the gag reflex. It is completely normal, because the body is trying to clear itself of toxic compounds, but with severe intoxication, attacks are frequent, indomitable, and the patient can be relieved if the process is controlled. More often, doctors recommend taking Cerucal. The cost of one package is a little over one hundred rubles. The medicine is used half an hour before the meal, the dose is a tablet or two, the frequency is thrice daily. You can not use the drug if the gastrointestinal tract has a focus of bleeding, an ulcer, if the patient often suffers from increased gas formation. The medication is prohibited for dyskinesia of the excretory pathways of bile and intestinal atony.
An effective medicine for alcohol poisoning, whose name is Domrid, is sold at a price of about 130 rubles in pharmacies. The drug is intended to eliminate the vomiting reflex, heartburn and tenderness of the abdomen. For adults there are pills, children can be given a diluted suspension. The medicine is intended for use up to four times a day, the dose is selected based on age and weight. If a child under 12 years of age has poisoned, the volumes of Domrida are calculated as 0.25 ml / kg, for those older, 10 ml is prescribed, and adults must use a capsule. Domrid is used in a two-day course. The drug is prohibited in diseases of the liver, kidneys, pituitary tumors, heart failure, intestinal obstruction and the presence of foci of bleeding in the digestive tract. The use of the composition can provoke allergies, convulsions, thirst, swelling, interruptions in the rhythm of the heartbeat, digestion processes. There is a probability of a violation of the emotional, mental state.
The subtleties of treatment
It is necessary to take a very responsible attitude to which medicines to take in case of alcohol poisoning, and which to not. If it is assumed that intoxication is caused not only by alcohol, but also by kerosene or gasoline, alkaline compounds or acids, it is strictly forbidden to provoke a vomiting reflex. If the poisoning is accompanied by excessive intake of drugs, and more than 30 minutes have passed since their use, vomiting cannot be caused.
Antispasmodics
Intoxication is always accompanied by pain and colic. To relieve these symptoms, you can take stopping spasms from alcohol poisoning medication. List of drugs effective for such manifestations:
- No-shpa.
- "Papaverine".
- "Spazmalgon."
- "Vero-drotaverinum."
All in order
Most often, No-Shpa is at hand. This medicine is known to many, is popular, and advertising campaigns do not allow to forget about it. A distinctive feature is the quick effect. The drug wins against the background of many with a short list of contraindications. Adults are prescribed 3-6 capsules per day, used in 2-3 doses, children over the age of twelve are shown to take a tablet twice a day. Duration of use - a couple of days. You can not use the medicine if the body does not absorb lactose, galactose. Contraindications are severe liver disease, kidney, syndrome of low discharge of blood from the heart. Therapy can be accompanied by a decrease in pressure, arrhythmia, migraine, poor sleep. The cost of one package is about 20 rubles.
"Papaverine" is another effective remedy that can be used for cramping caused by alcohol poisoning. How to take the medicine correctly, the manufacturer always describes in the accompanying instructions. The drug is inexpensive - about 50 rubles, can be used to treat those in need over six months of age. "Papaverine" is used up to 4 times a day, the daily dose for adults is 40-80 mg. The drug can not be taken with glaucoma, pancreatic hyperplasia, obtained recently TBI. "Papaverine" is contraindicated in the elderly. The use of a medication can cause flatulence, low blood pressure, drowsiness, an allergic reaction.
Antibiotics
When a doctor chooses which medicine for alcohol poisoning is necessary in a particular case, it is likely that antibiotics will be prescribed. This is necessary for infection of the intestinal tract against the background of the development of a colony of pathogenic microorganisms. If intoxication is accompanied by loose stools, fever, the discharge contains blood inclusions, the patient vomits a dozen times a day, or even more often, it is unlikely to do without antibiotics. As can be seen from the reviews of doctors, drugs for alcohol poisoning in the classical case are a program without the inclusion of antimicrobial agents, but exceptions are possible. If you have already chosen such a treatment, its entire period will have to strictly refrain from re-taking alcohol - such drinks significantly reduce the effectiveness of medicines.
Among antibiotics, a representative of fluoroquinol preparations, Ciprofloxacin, is often prescribed. If the need for a medicine arose against the background of poisoning, 0.5-1 g is prescribed for a day, this volume is divided into two portions, used with pauses of 12 hours. The duration of the course can reach two weeks. The doctor, explaining which medicine will help you with alcohol poisoning that caused an intestinal infection, will immediately clarify if there are serious kidney, liver diseases - these are categorical contraindications for therapy. Treatment can cause temporary tremors, migraines. The medicine sometimes hurts and makes you dizzy, a person quickly gets tired, he is drawn to sleep.
Case features
The classic rating of drugs for alcohol poisoning is as follows:
- Sorbents (activated carbon);
- Antiemetics (Cerucal);
- Means against dehydration ("Rehydron").
It is they that must be at hand for anyone who occasionally "indulges" in alcohol. In addition, other drugs that alleviate the symptoms of alcohol poisoning in a particular case will benefit. Reviews of Zorex tablets, for example, indicate that the medication helps to quickly normalize the liver, the patient begins to feel better.
This tool is designed to cleanse the body of metabolic products, it activates regenerative processes in the liver, has antioxidant qualities. It is necessary to use the drug three times daily with a course of no more than four days. A single dose can reach three capsules. The drug is prohibited to minors and people who have serious liver, kidney disease. Possible individual intolerance. Therapy can cause allergies. The cost varies about 400 rubles.