What is Glibenclamide? Instructions for use, release form, analogues and indications for taking the drug are indicated below.
Composition, packaging, release form
In what form is the medicine "Glibenclamide" made? The manual reports that this product is available in the form of tablets that are placed in plastic containers (contour cells) and cardboard boxes, respectively.
The composition of the drug in question includes 5 mg of glibenclamide, as well as auxiliary ingredients such as potato starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, croscarmellose sodium, indigo carmine E 132, colloidal silicon dioxide and povidone 25.
Drug action
What is the Glibenclamide medication? Instructions for use states that this is a hypoglycemic effect in healthy people and patients with type 2 diabetes.
The effectiveness of this medication is due to its ability to increase insulin secretion by beta cells of the pancreas due to their stimulation. According to experts, this effect of the drug is enhanced by glucose.
Kinetic features of an oral preparation
What pharmacokinetic features are characteristic for the drug "Glibenclamide"? The instruction for use states that after oral administration of the tablets, their active substance is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the digestive tract.
The simultaneous use of food leads to a decrease in the concentration of glibenclamide in blood plasma (compared with fasting). The connection of this component with albumin is more than 98%.
In the patient’s liver, glibenclamide is converted into the following metabolites: 3-cis-hydroxy-glibenclamide and 4-trans-hydroxy-glibenclamide. They are equally excreted through the kidneys and along with feces.
The average drug half-life is 2–3.5 hours. In people with impaired liver function, this indicator is significantly reduced.
Indications for the use of the drug
In what cases can Glibenclamide tablets be prescribed to a patient? This drug is recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, when there is no way to compensate for hyperglycemia with a strict diet, as well as physical activity or weight loss.
Bans to use
Are there any contraindications for Glibenclamide? The instruction for use states that this tool should not be prescribed to patients with:
- extensive burns;
- hypersensitivity to the active ingredient, as well as thiazide diuretics or sulfonamides;
- ketoacidosis;
- diabetic comatose and precomatous conditions;
- the development of hypoglycemia;
- surgical interventions and other injuries;
- paresis of the stomach and intestinal obstruction;
- pregnancy
- type 1 diabetes mellitus;
- breastfeeding.
Medication "Glibenclamide": instructions for use
The drug in question should be prescribed only by an experienced doctor. Taking this medicine should always be combined with a strict diet. Only in this case will it be effective. The dosage regimen depends on the results of the analysis of the patient (blood sugar, indicators obtained as a result of urine tests, etc.).
So how should you take the drug "Glibenclamide"? Therapy with this tool begins with minimal doses. This is especially true for people with a tendency to hypoglycemia and body weight less than 50 kg.
Usually, the first dosage of a medication is 0.5-1 tablet per day. This corresponds to 2.5-5 mg of the active substance. With the ineffective effect of the drug, the indicated amount can be gradually increased to three tablets per day, which corresponds to 15 mg of the active ingredient. This should be done at intervals of several days to one week until the desired result is achieved.
How to transfer a patient from another drug to the Glibenclamide medicine? The use of the medication in this case should be carried out extremely carefully. First, the patient is prescribed 0.5 tablets per day, and then the dose is gradually increased to the most effective.
For elderly people, as well as debilitated patients or patients with insufficient nutrition and impaired liver or kidney function, it is desirable to reduce the maintenance or initial dosage of the drug as much as possible due to the possible development of hypoglycemia. Also, the question of adjusting the dose of the drug should be addressed when the patient's body weight decreases or when his usual lifestyle changes.
The method of taking hypoglycemic tablets
How is Glibenclamide used? Instructions for use (a photo of the drug is presented in this article) states that the tablets in question must be taken before a meal, washed down with a glass of filtered water and not chewed.
With a daily dosage of 2 tablets, the drug is recommended to be divided into 2 doses (morning and evening) in a ratio of 2: 1.
It is imperative to use this medicine at the same time. If you skip taking the drug, the tablet should not be taken along with the next.
The duration of therapy with this drug depends on the course of the disease. Throughout the entire course of treatment, constant monitoring of the patient's metabolic state is required.
Side effects
The drug "Glibenclamide", the analogues of which are listed below, can cause the development of undesirable reactions affecting the functioning of the nervous, endocrine, peripheral and digestive systems, as well as the hematopoietic. In this regard, the patient may experience side effects such as nausea, hypoglycemia of varying severity, impaired liver function, diarrhea, headache, cholestasis, weakness, dizziness and fatigue.
It should also be noted that against the background of taking this drug, the appearance of dermatological and allergic reactions in the form of photosensitization, itching, skin rash and other unpleasant signs is not ruled out.
Hypoglycemic overdose
What symptoms occur when taking high doses of the drug "Glibenclamide"? The instructions say that with an overdose, the patient may develop hypoglycemia, possibly accompanied by weakness, hunger, headache, anxiety, excessive sweating, dizziness, muscle tremors, palpitations, cerebral edema, visual and speech disorders.
Therapy of such conditions involves the urgent administration of glucose-containing easily digestible products. For example, fruit juice, sugar, corn syrup, sweet hot tea or honey.
In more severe cases, the patient is injected with a 50% glucose solution, Dextrose, Glucagon or Diazoxide. Special control is also required for glycemia, creatinine, urea nitrogen, electrolytes and pH.
Interaction with other medical devices
The combination of the drug in question with systemic antifungal drugs, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, MAO inhibitors and ACE inhibitors, H2 blockers, Clofibrate, beta-adrenergic blockers, probenecid, bezafibratom, etilofilofaminoferidom, anilofenofaminoferidom, anilofilofaminoferidom, , "Reserpine", insulin and sulfonamide can potentiate hypoglycemia.
The parallel use of the drug with phenothiazines, thyroid and glucocorticoid hormones, barbiturates, estrogens, diazoxide, gestagens, glucagon, lithium salts, adrenergic agonists, saluretics and nicotinic acid derivatives can weaken its hypoglycemic effect.
Such drugs that acidify urine (including ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, ascorbic acid) can enhance the effect of the medication in question.
The use of Glibenclamide with Rifampicin accelerates inactivation and also reduces the effectiveness of the former.
Special information
The hypoglycemic agent under consideration should be used with caution in patients suffering from kidney and liver dysfunction, as well as in the pathological work of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands, febrile conditions and chronic alcoholism.
For normal treatment requires regular monitoring of the glucose level in the patient’s blood, as well as its excretion.
If the patient develops hypoglycemia while taking the medicine, then the sugar is prescribed inside (if the person is conscious). In case of loss of consciousness, glucose is administered intravenously, and glucagon is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. After the patient regains consciousness, he is immediately given food rich in carbohydrates in order to avoid the re-development of hypoglycemia.
Cost and analogues (synonyms) of funds
Select analogues of this drug should only be an experienced specialist. Doctors refer to the following medicines: “Maninil”, “Manin”, “Maniglide”, “Betanaz” and “Antibet”.
It should also be noted that in pharmacies they often sell synonyms for this drug. Most often, they are used as: Glidanil, Glibex, Glibamide, Gilemal, Glibomet, Glibenclamide. The dosage of these funds is selected individually.
As for the price of the drug "Glibenclamide", it varies between 280-360 rubles.
Drug Reviews
Now you know what the medicine "Glibenclamide" is. Instructions for use, analogues and the release form of this agent are described above.
What do consumers say about this drug? As a rule, all reports about it come down to a discussion of certain therapeutic regimens that are recommended for people with diabetes.
Consumers claim that most often they use Glibenclamide as monotherapy. Although there are those patients who are prescribed the drug in combination with other hypoglycemic drugs.
According to doctors, the appointment of the medication in question requires an individual approach. In this case, the specialist should get acquainted with all the results of analyzes and other studies. To take "Glibenclamide" to patients at their discretion is extremely dangerous for health and life.