Prostate cyst - very common in men. With age, the risk of developing the disease increases significantly. A cyst is a kind of cavity formed from the tissues of the prostate itself, inside which fluid accumulates.
The greatest risk of prostate cyst formation in men in old age. However, a similar pathology can develop in young people with good health.
Main classification
The cyst of the prostate gland is divided into false and true. False neoplasm occurs in the case of severe squeezing of the prostate. As a result of this, its parts expand somewhat, and fluid gradually accumulates in them. The true type of neoplasm arises as a result of the course of various diseases of the prostate.
In addition, the cyst of the prostate gland is divided by the nature of the occurrence of pathology and can be congenital and acquired. Congenital neoplasms are formed as a result of impaired development of the Müller channels. If you consult a doctor in time, this type of cyst can be very easily detected. The main sign of this type of lesion is considered a violation of the development of the main organs of the reproductive system. Externally, such a neoplasm looks like a large drop and reaches 5 cm in size, often localized at the base of the prostate. If it enters the urethra, then the gland increases very quickly.
The acquired type of cyst is considered the most common. Often, such a neoplasm is formed in older men due to the appearance of tumors, foreign bodies and wounds in the prostate. Often it reaches a size of 3 cm. If an infection gets inside the cyst, then various kinds of complications can occur.
Causes of occurrence
Prostate cyst - a cavity formed from healthy tissues of the prostate. It contains a liquid that varies in degree of viscosity. It is worth noting that its color may be different. The walls of the neoplasm are altered fibrous tissues. In some individual cases, such neoplasms are congenital in nature, but often they are acquired.
Provoke the appearance of a cyst can be such factors as:
- harmful working conditions;
- chronic diseases of the prostate;
- irregular sex life;
- bad habits;
- passive lifestyle;
- sexually transmitted diseases;
- malnutrition;
- sleep disturbance.
If a man works a lot and hard, is in contact with harmful substances or is exposed to vibration, then there is a high probability of the formation of a prostate cyst.
Quite often, a neoplasm occurs due to untimely or improper treatment of prostatitis and other diseases of this organ. Irregular sex life can provoke the formation of pathology. In the absence of sexual contact in the pelvic area, venous congestion forms, which adversely affect the functioning of this organ. However, an overly active sex life can be a risk factor, especially with frequent changes in partners.
Any disease of the prostate gland often occurs in men who abuse strong alcohol, smoke and use drugs.
The main symptoms
A neoplasm is not always evident and may be asymptomatic. In this case, the existing pathology is revealed completely by accident when conducting an examination and obtaining specialist advice on another occasion. However, the disease has quite pronounced symptoms. Symptoms of prostate cysts in men include:
- violation of urination;
- a slight increase in temperature;
- pelvic pain;
- persistent urination;
- violation of erection;
- decreased erection;
- weakening stream of urine;
- discomfort during ejaculation.
With the penetration of infection, there is a rather high risk of the formation of a purulent process. As a result of this, an abscess forms, pathological tissues grow. Such changes provoke a gradual sclerosis and atrophy of the prostate.
A cyst can form in any fragment of the gland. Sometimes it even blocks the lumen of the urethra or intestines, which leads to very dangerous consequences.
Among the main symptoms of prostate cysts in men, one can distinguish the presence of severe soreness, violation of the urination process or discomfort in the perineum. Similar signs indicate the addition of a purulent process.
Diagnostics
For therapy to be most effective, you need to start it immediately after the onset of the first symptoms of a prostate cyst and a comprehensive diagnosis. To diagnose the presence of a neoplasm or to distinguish it from similar diseases. To do this, you need to conduct an additional examination, which includes:
- palpation;
- uroflourometry;
- laboratory research;
- biopsy
- tomography;
- TRUZES and ultrasound.
If there are no contraindications for rectal examination, then the urologist first of all carries out palpation of the gland. If seals are detected during the examination, the doctor first makes a diagnosis. However, such a technique is considered effective only if the neoplasm is formed on the surface of the organ and directed to the rectum.
Uroflourometry is an examination that allows you to determine the feature of the urination process. Laboratory studies make it possible to differentiate a cyst from other diseases.
TRANSCASES of the prostate cyst is considered the most informational method. It allows you to detect a neoplasm at the earliest stages.
An ultrasound of the prostate cyst is performed against a background of a filled bladder in a transrectal manner. This method allows you to accurately determine the size of the cyst, its location and structure. It is worth noting that this method of research is forbidden to use in case of bowel obstruction or the presence of cracks in the anus.
Tomography is considered the most effective, but expensive method. It is prescribed mainly for ambiguous ultrasound data, as well as if there is a suspicion of cancer.
Treatment
There are various methods for treating prostate cysts in men, the photo of which is presented below. The choice of methodology largely depends on the severity of the disease, the available symptoms, the size and type of education.
For therapy, methods such as:
- observation;
- drug therapy;
- puncture;
- sclerosis;
- operation.
If the cyst is not accompanied by any dangerous symptoms, pain, its size does not exceed 2 mm, and it was discovered by accident, then no special treatment is carried out. However, the urologist must constantly monitor the tumor and control its size.
Drug therapy is carried out with the help of drugs. The choice of drugs depends on the provoking factors, as a result of which a neoplasm began to develop. In the presence of a large cyst, when the processes of urination impairment begin, a puncture is prescribed.
Sclerosis is a procedure in which a special drug is injected into the cavity of the cystic formation. It provokes the bonding of the cavity. If the cyst has reached a significant size or complications in the form of suppuration have begun to develop, then surgical intervention is required. The operation involves the dissection of education. This type of therapy is used in the most extreme cases, as it is a cardinal method.
Physiological procedures are prescribed quite rarely. The cavity has thin walls, so many manipulations are prohibited in this case. In particular, such techniques are used as:
- hirudotherapy;
- warming up;
- physical exercise.
Hirudotherapy helps to effectively solve the existing problem. You can resort to this method of treatment to alleviate painful symptoms or with a combination of many other diseases.
In the chronic course of the disease, warming can be prescribed, however, a similar procedure can be carried out only after diagnosis, since dangerous complications can occur.
Physical activity, in particular, outdoor sports, has a good result. This allows you to normalize blood circulation in the pelvic organs.
Drug treatment
Drug treatment of prostate cysts is aimed at eliminating the underlying cause of the disease. It can be infectious processes, activation of pathological changes in the tissues of the prostate, hormonal disorders. The course of drug therapy is carried out by applying several groups of drugs, among which the doctor selects the required drugs to eliminate pathological symptoms. The doctor prescribes medicines such as:
- hormonal drugs ("Dexamethosone", "Prednisolone");
- anti-inflammatory (No-Shpa, Diclofenac);
- alpha adenoblockers ("Tamsulosin", "Silodozin");
- vitamin complexes ("Duovit", "Vitrum Life").
Hormones and drugs that affect the metabolism in the prostate help to slow the process of proliferation of the cyst and reduce the likelihood of developing new formations. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs contribute to the elimination of foci of infection. They are prescribed until the symptoms are completely eliminated.
Alpha adenoblockers help normalize the blood circulation by expanding blood vessels and lowering blood glucose. As a result of this, there is a significant improvement in the outflow of urine and the normalization of overall well-being. Vitamin complexes are indicated during antibiotic therapy. To normalize the intestinal microflora, bifidobacteria are recommended.
Folk techniques
In the presence of prostate cysts in men, folk methods are often used for treatment. Among the plants that help get rid of pathology, and also allow you to reduce unpleasant symptoms, widespread are such as:
- ginseng;
- sage;
- burdock;
- celandine;
- St. John's wort
- nettle;
- mint;
- calendula.
These herbs are part of useful urological collections and have very useful qualities that facilitate the treatment of cysts. The restorative, antiseptic and diuretic effect of herbal remedies helps to significantly reduce the number of medications used. In addition, this allows you to reduce the toxic load exerted on the body of a man.
It is worth remembering that when using traditional medicine, you must first consult with your doctor in order to prevent complications.
Surgical intervention
Removal of the prostate cyst is recommended in the presence of large neoplasms or the occurrence of a serious threat of rupture of the cystic cavity. The decision regarding the operation is also taken if conservative methods have not brought the desired result.
Endoscopic or lane surgery is performed to sclerosize, drain, or mechanically remove the prostate cyst. Modern surgery options make it possible to eliminate cystic education safely, however, it is worth noting that a relapse of the disease may occur in the future. After the operation, the patient must be constantly registered and must visit a urologist to conduct a routine examination.
What can be the complications
In the absence of timely treatment of prostate cysts, the consequences can be quite serious. These include:
- accumulation of pus with subsequent melting of tissues;
- prostate deformity as a result of squeezing;
- rupture of a cyst with infection of the pelvic organs;
- acute urinary retention;
- violation of sexual function, infertility.
Reaching large sizes, suppuration of the cyst and spontaneous opening can occur. This is a very dangerous condition that requires urgent surgery.
In addition, constant urinary retention can cause kidney problems. To prevent their occurrence, it is necessary to strictly comply with all the instructions of the doctor.
Prophylaxis
The appearance of a cyst of the uterus of the prostate gland is associated with the impact of negative external and internal factors that violate the normal processes of organ support. Preventive measures are reduced to eliminating the causes and creating the most optimal conditions for maintaining men's health. For the prevention of such measures are used as:
- conducting regular medical examinations;
- rejection of bad habits;
- physical activity;
- regular sexual intercourse;
- prostate massage;
- properly selected food;
- timely treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory processes;
- avoidance of injuries.
Preventive measures help reduce the risk of pathological changes in the prostate, and also make it possible to timely recognize possible deviations and begin treatment at the initial stages of the course of the disease.