Benzylpenicillin novocaine salt belongs to the category of antibacterial drugs that are destroyed by penicillinase.
This medication is in the form of powders for the preparation of suspensions for administration intramuscularly, in vials, 50 pieces per package. The composition contains the main active element - benzylpenicillin novocaine salt. Powder bottles are packed in cardboard boxes. The drug is intended for use in hospitals.
Pharmacological properties
Benzylpenicillin novocaine salt is a bactericidal antibiotic from the category of biosynthetic penicillins. This substance helps to suppress the synthesis of the cell wall of pathogenic microorganisms. The medicine has activity against gram-positive pathogens: streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci, corynebacteria diphtheria, anthrax bacilli, spore-forming anaerobic bacilli, Actinomyces spp., And gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms: Treponema spp. spirochete.
The drug has no activity against rickettsia, most gram-negative bacteria, protozoa and viruses. Penicillinase-forming strains are also resistant to its effects. In an acidic environment, the substance is destroyed.
The benzylpenicillin salt, in comparison with the sodium and potassium salts, is characterized by a longer duration of action.
Indications for appointment
According to the instructions, benzylpenicillin novocaine salt is prescribed in the following cases:
- bacterial infections provoked by sensitive microflora: focal and croupous pneumonia, bronchitis, pleural empyema;
- meningitis;
- septic endocarditis (subacute and acute forms), sepsis, peritonitis;
- diphtheria;
- osteomyelitis;
- urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis, cervicitis, cystitis, pyelitis, urethritis, blenorrhea, gonorrhea, syphilis) and bile ducts (cholecystitis, cholangitis);
- wound infections, infections of soft tissues and skin: erysipelas, infected dermatoses (secondary), impetigo;
- scarlet fever;
- anthrax
- actinomycosis;
- eye diseases, ENT diseases.
Indications must be observed.
Dosage regimen
Benzylpenicillin novocaine salt is used only intramuscularly. Introducing into a vein or endolumbar is prohibited.
The daily dose is administered in 1-2 doses. Solutions are prepared extempore, adding to the contents of the bottle 2-4 ml of saline or water for injection. The solution is shaken vigorously, the suspension is quickly collected into a syringe, and the drug is injected deep into the muscles. Before administration, it is recommended to make sure that the needle of the syringe does not enter the blood vessel.
What is the frequency of administration of benzylpenicillin novocaine salt?
A single dosage for adults is 300,000 units, per day maximum - 1,200,000 units. For children up to 1 year old, the daily dosage is 50,000-100,000 units / kg, after 1 year - 50,000 units / kg. The frequency of administration is 2-3 times a day.
Therapy with the drug, depending on the severity and form of the disease, lasts from 7 days to 2 months or more (sepsis, septic endocarditis). If a positive effect is not observed several days after the start of therapy, you should switch to the use of other antibiotics or their complexes with aminoglycosides (gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin) and penicillin-resistant penicillins (dicloxacillin, oxacillin).
For example, for the treatment of chronic gonorrhea or with repeated infections of benzylpenicillin with novocaine salt, 600 thousand units are administered once a day for 10 days.
In patients with impaired renal function, cumulation of the drug may be possible. In older people, the development of age-related renal dysfunction is likely, resulting in decreased elimination of benzylpenicillin. In view of this, a dose reduction of this medication is necessary.
Side effects
The use of benzylpenicillin novocaine salt can provoke the development of the following negative reactions:
- Allergic: hyperthermia, skin rash (of all forms), urticaria, rash on the mucous membranes, bronchospasm, arthralgia, angioedema, eosinophilia, interstitial nephritis.
- Local: compaction and pain at the injection site.
Upon penetration into the vascular bed observed: short-term loss of consciousness, tinnitus, a sense of fear, visual impairment, dizziness.
When using very large dosages, as well as in patients with severe renal failure, the following neurotoxic phenomena can be observed: nausea, increased reflex excitability, vomiting, convulsions, symptoms of meningism, coma.
Contraindications
The list of contraindications for the use of this pharmacological drug includes:
- allergy to procaine;
- high sensitivity to the penicillin group.
With caution, the medication is used for bronchial asthma, hay fever and other allergic diseases, as well as for a decrease in blood coagulation, renal failure, pregnancy and lactation.
Special recommendations
In case of accidental introduction into the vessel, a feeling of depression, anxiety and visual impairment may be noted. In order to avoid such a situation, it is recommended to aspirate before the injection.
Perhaps the development of cross-allergy in patients with sensitivity to cephalosporins. If any allergic reactions occur, immediate termination of therapy is necessary. In rare cases, the development of anaphylactic shock may be noted. If the first signs of it occur, urgent measures must be taken to remove the patient from this condition.
In the treatment of sexually transmitted pathologies, with suspected development of syphilis, serological and microscopic studies are required before starting therapy and in the next 4 months.
Due to the likelihood of developing a fungal infection, it is advisable to use B vitamins and ascorbic acid, and, if necessary, levorin and nystatin.
Skin sensitization can be observed in patients working with antibiotics, and caution should be exercised in contact with the substance benzylpenicillin.
It should be borne in mind that patients with allergies, especially drugs, are more prone to an allergic reaction to penicillin. Such patients should be observed by a doctor within half an hour after the injection and in case of an allergic reaction, the medication should be canceled and appropriate treatment should be carried out.
In diabetics, there may be a delay in the absorption of the drug from the intramuscular depot.
Analogs
The list of analogues of this medication includes:
- "Benzylpenicillin";
- "Benzylpenicillin potassium salt";
- "Benzylpenicillin sodium salt";
- "Benzylpenicillin sodium salt-Vial";
- Novocin.
Interaction with other medicines
Bactericidal antibiotics have a synergistic effect, and bacteriostatic ones have an antagonistic effect. It increases the effect of indirect anticoagulants, reduces the effect of oral contraceptives, drugs, in the process of metabolism of which the formation of para-aminobenzoic acid occurs - the likelihood of breakthrough bleeding.
Diuretics, tubular secretion blockers, anti-inflammatory non-steroid drugs, phenylbutazone increase the level of benzylpenicillin.
Allopurinol increases the likelihood of developing a variety of allergic reactions.
We reviewed the instructions for use with benzylpenicillin novocaine salt.