As a result of impaired renal activity and disorders of homeostasis, renal failure develops. In the body, the acid-base balance and the water-electrolyte balance are disturbed, health is noticeably worsened. Renal
failure, the symptoms and treatment of which did not receive enough attention, easily becomes chronic. How to recognize the disease on time and what is needed for recovery?
Types and causes of the disease
There are two types of renal failure: acute and chronic. The first appears suddenly, and the second gradually progresses. In the acute form, the process of excretion of nitrogen metabolism products sharply slows down or stops, disrupting the water, electrolyte, acid-base and osmotic balances, and with them the healthy composition of the blood. In the chronic form, such a symptom of renal failure as impaired metabolism is manifested slowly. Renal tissue dies, causing the body to gradually become intoxicated. The acute form develops on the basis of other diseases, as well as due to shock, massive bleeding, heart failure, poisoning , poisoning of the vessels of the kidneys and urinary tract. The chronic form may be associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, scleroderma, lupus, urolithiasis, or pyelonephritis. In the presence of these diseases, the state of the body should be constantly monitored to prevent
renal failure.
Symptoms of the disease
The main difference between the forms of the disease is the speed of their development. A symptom of renal failure can develop rapidly and quickly disappear if treatment has been provided on time. Kidney cells are fully restored in this situation. Chronic renal failure leaves a completely different result. Its symptoms are not so obvious, so the kidneys can be destroyed over a dozen years. If a disease is detected, its progress can be suspended, but the full restoration of renal function will be almost impossible. In addition to metabolic disorders, symptoms of acute renal failure include fever, muscle pain, chills, vomiting, headache, sometimes jaundice, anemia, and seizures. In shock conditions, loss of consciousness and pallor, low blood pressure is manifested. In chronic cases, the volume of urine excreted changes, swelling appears in the morning, weakness and general malaise are characteristic of patients. In the terminal stages, the disease manifests itself as massive
swelling, shortness of breath, uremia, impaired vision and high blood pressure.
Disease treatment
If you notice any symptom of kidney failure, consult a doctor immediately. In different cases, detoxification by hemodialysis or saline infusion may be required, antibacterial substances, transfusion of blood or its components, hormonal preparations. For the treatment of a chronic form of insufficiency, detoxification therapy and diet are recommended. If the cause of the disease is anatomical changes, surgery is possible. In diabetes, metabolic correction is performed, and in autoimmune diseases, glucocorticoid hormones and cytostatics are prescribed. If the symptom of renal failure remains unattended, the patient's condition can go to the terminal stage with a fatal outcome. In some cases, the patient can be saved by transplanting a healthy kidney.