Dizziness, which is also called vertigo syndrome, is a condition in which a person has a feeling that all things are moving around him. In addition, there is a loss of balance. This is because the signals that are transmitted from the vestibular departments in the human body reach the temporal lobes with a great delay.
Very often, vertigo is accompanied by nausea, and in some cases vomiting and loss of consciousness. If these signs are repeated constantly for no apparent reason, then this may indicate latent pathological conditions. To determine the nature of the ailment, it is necessary to pay attention to the symptoms, as well as undergo an examination in a medical institution.
Types of Dizziness
Based on the manifestations and temporary criteria for seizures, 2 groups of vertigo syndrome are distinguished:
- Paroxysmal. In this case, dizziness and nausea can last several seconds or minutes. Moreover, they are regularly repeated after a certain period of time. These ailments most often appear with migraines, vegetative-vascular dystonia and other ailments.
- Persistent. In this case, we are talking about chronic dizziness, nausea, weakness. These manifestations may indicate that the patient develops atherosclerosis, a brain tumor, chronic ailments of the middle ear or damage to the vessels of the brain.
There are also a number of psychopathological signs, according to which the classification of dizziness is carried out:
- Psychogenic. In this case, the cause of dizziness and nausea is a panic attack or increased anxiety in a person with a neurotic or mental disorder. In this case, there is additional symptomatology in the form of a rapid heartbeat and difficulty breathing.
- Vestibular central. In this case, there is a violation of the activity of certain brain structures. This can lead to the formation of tumors, brain injuries or damage to the vascular system.
- Vestibular peripheral. This type of disorder is characterized by dizziness, nausea and loss of coordination. All these are symptoms of the fact that certain disorders or inflammatory processes occur in the nerve endings or periphery of the vestibular apparatus.
- Mixed. In this case, the symptomatology indicates the presence of pathology of the visual organ, poisoning with alcohol or medications.
- Lipothymia. In this case, in addition to dizziness and nausea, a person often has a loss of consciousness or a fainting state. In this case, a strong weakness also appears. When this symptomatology appears, it is necessary to undergo an examination.
Features of the manifestation of dizziness and nausea in women
Most often, representatives of the fair sex a similar condition appears with sharp hormonal changes. Also, some ladies experience severe malaise during menstruation or during menopause. If a woman suffers from nausea, dizziness and delayed menstruation, then in this case, the cause of discomfort is pregnancy.
Some women are much more responsive to potent drugs. If a lady takes antibacterial, anticonvulsant, cardiac antihypertensives or sedatives, this can also cause severe discomfort, including loss of consciousness.
Anemia
In this case, a person suffers from a deficiency of red bodies in the blood. Due to a decrease in hemoglobin, an insufficient amount of oxygen enters the brain neurons. When diagnosing the severe stages of this disease, not only nausea, dizziness and weakness are observed, but also reduced blood pressure and a significant deterioration in the performance of the blood supply system throughout the human body. Against the background of anemia, patients experience a decrease in appetite and blanching.
Acute appendicitis
This inflammatory process is most often diagnosed in a segment of the cecum. In this case, patients note severe pain in the lower part of the peritoneum, fever, nausea, dizziness and vomiting.
If a person has a suspicion of acute appendicitis, then in this case it is necessary to immediately call an ambulance. Most often, such attacks require surgical intervention. If the operation is not timely performed, then this can lead to the development of peritonitis. This means that the appendix may burst, and in this case there is a high risk of death.
Hypertension
This pathology is characterized by sharp pressure surges. Almost always against the background of hypertension, patients experience dizziness, nausea, and drowsiness. This is due to blood vessel spasms. To distinguish the manifestation of this pathology, it is worth paying attention to the symptoms during an attack in a sick person. If his face turned red, swelling appeared, limbs were partially numb, noise appeared in his ears and visual functions decreased, then this may indicate this disease.
Most often, people who are diagnosed with diabetes, heart disease, or being overweight suffer from hypertension. Also, a violation of metabolic processes or a decrease in the body's immunity can lead to pathology. As a rule, middle-aged people, elderly people, and also women during menopause are more prone to this ailment.
Basilar migraine
This manifestation is the most severe. In this case, patients suffer from excruciating headaches, nausea and dizziness. Such discomfort can be observed for about 1 hour, after which an attack occurs. In this case, patients complain of wild headaches, vomiting, numbness of the extremities and too much sensitivity of the organs of vision and hearing.
In the most difficult situations, patients develop hallucinations that disappear almost immediately after a decrease in pain. It is worth noting that basilar migraine is a spontaneous pathology that appears completely suddenly. Some people experience numerous seizures that occur after a certain period of time, and then retreat for several years.
Intracranial hypertension
In this case, we are talking about excessive pressure on the brain of cerebrospinal fluid. This pathology develops in connection with the processes that occur in the tissues of the brain structure, vascular and nervous systems. Also, such a disease can be genetic or acquired. Therefore, intracranial hypertension should also be considered as a possible cause of dizziness and nausea.
During an attack, the patient complains of a severe headache. Also, many note a pressing sensation in the eye area. After a while, severe dizziness, nausea, and sudden drops in pressure appear. All of these symptoms lead to vomiting.
In addition to all this, a person may experience cramps, or he loses consciousness. This indicates excessively high pressure, which requires immediate medical attention.
Dizziness can also occur with hypoglycemia, brain tumor, food poisoning, drug overdose, toxicosis during pregnancy, motion sickness during long trips, bruises and concussions.
The cause of vertigo and nausea in children
Similar symptoms are also often diagnosed in the younger generation. In this case, the causes of the pathology can be both hidden diseases and pathological conditions.
Most often, children who experience dizziness and nausea under normal pressure suffer from:
- inflammatory processes that occur in the organs of hearing (for example, from otitis media);
- pathological brain disorders (may be of a congenital or acquired type);
- complications after major surgery;
- motion sickness;
- infections that affect the structure of the brain (e.g., meningitis).
- traumatic brain injuries;
- disturbances in the central nervous system.
- drug poisoning;
- eating poor quality food;
- poisoning with household chemicals or toxic substances;
- the presence of parasites in the body.
Very often, such symptoms appear in children with severe physical exertion or due to overwork in school. If the child has not eaten for a long time or was in the sun, then this can also provoke unpleasant symptoms. These reasons are not considered pathological, but parents should pay more attention to their child and not ignore the problems.
Which doctor to contact
If a person is tormented by dizziness and nausea in the morning, then first of all it is necessary to visit a therapist who will conduct an initial examination. Having assessed the visual signs and after hearing a description of the symptoms from the patient, he can conclude about possible chronic diseases.
However, most often the therapist recommends visiting the following specialists:
- Neurologist, if there is a suspicion that a person suffers from diseases of the central nervous system.
- Otolaryngologist with possible inflammation in the organs of hearing.
- Neurosurgeon, if there is a possibility that the patient suffers from pathologies that occur in the brain tissue.
- Traumatologist if the patient shortly before the onset of symptoms suffered from vertebral or head injuries.
- Hematologist. This specialist will examine the blood, rule out or confirm the presence of anemia.
- Cardiologist to examine the vascular system.
- Oncologist with suspected tumor.
- Gynecologist, if unpleasant symptoms occur during pregnancy.
- An infectious disease specialist if there is a risk that the patient is suffering from an infectious disease.
- Narcologist. This doctor is recommended to visit those who suffer from alcohol addiction.
Diagnostics
Diagnostic measures directly depend on which pathology the doctor suspects. However, as a rule, almost all specialists prescribe laboratory tests, ECG, ultrasound, MRI, radiography of the cervical spine and vertebra, as well as tonal audiometry.
Only according to the results of studies, a specialist can make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment for dizziness and nausea.
First aid
To prevent a dangerous situation, it is necessary to follow several recommendations of specialists. First of all, a person suffering from dizziness should be upright and not close his eyes. It is recommended to concentrate on any subject and look at it. It is important to open all the windows in the room so that the patient receives the necessary amount of fresh air.
If vomiting appears at the time of dizziness, do not restrain them. If a person is poisoned, then this is an effective way by which the body tries to get rid of the "infection".
To improve your condition a little, you can drink a mug of cold coffee. However, with such a drink, you should be careful of those who have problems with blood pressure.
It is not recommended to take a horizontal position, since in the event of vomiting, there is a possibility that a person will choke on leaving masses. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the position of the patient's head. To remove unpleasant symptoms, it is necessary to moisten a towel in cold water and put it on a person’s forehead. If after this the attack does not disappear or recurs, then in this case you need to immediately call an ambulance. There is a risk that a person has a stroke.
Treatment with folk remedies
If a person suffers from constant dizziness, then you can take advantage of several recommendations that have been transmitted hundreds of years from our ancestors. To get rid of Vertigo, it is recommended to pour a glass of boiling water a tablespoon of lemon balm and drink this composition.
To get rid of constant dizziness, it is recommended to eat one tablespoon of sea kale before each meal. You can also make a decoction of fresh nettles. To do this, pour a tablespoon of crushed leaves with a liter of boiling water and leave to infuse for 4 hours. After this, the mixture must be squeezed and add to it 100 ml of apple juice. The resulting medicine is taken daily 30 minutes before a meal. Juniper, fir and camphor oil also have a positive effect.
If a person suffers from dizziness attacks mainly in the morning, then it is worth using an infusion prepared on the basis of mint. Drinking this drink is recommended instead of the usual tea or a morning cup of coffee. It is also worth starting to take vitamins and give up bad habits.