Myocardial dystrophy of the heart refers to non-inflammatory lesions of the heart muscle. This "diffuse" process leads to impaired functioning of the intracellular structures of myofibrils. In this case, a weakening of the contractile function of the myocardium is observed. This specific lesion is closely associated with biochemical or physico-chemical disorders of its metabolism.
Myocardial dystrophy. Symptoms
As practice shows, signs of damage are often masked by manifestations of the underlying disease. Myocardial dystrophy of the heart is accompanied by increased fatigue, slight shortness of breath during exertion, muffling at the apex of the 1st cardiac sound, and moderate tachycardia (from time to time). Anemia is often accompanied by a systolic hum in the pulmonary artery and apex. Thyrotoxicosis is accompanied by pain in the heart, increased pulse and systolic pressure, tachycardia (severe), atrial fibrillation. Regardless of the causes, myocardial dystrophy of the heart entails the development of heart failure and a violation of its rhythm.
The causes of the disease can be nutritional dystrophy, vitamin deficiency, a toxic factor (poisoning with barbiturates or carbon monoxide or alcohol intoxication).
Menopause myocardial dystrophy develops in women with menopause. The disease is characterized by pressing, aching or stitching pains in the region of the heart apex, not associated with a physical load. Symptoms may worsen during the premenstrual period and may be accompanied by facial flushing, sensation of heat, and sweating. As a rule, pain spreads to the left side of the chest and is quite long. At the same time, taking nitroglycerin does not bring effect. In some cases , a heart rhythm disorder is diagnosed . Sexual hormonal drugs, sedatives, and beta-blockers in the complex are prescribed as effective treatment.
Drinking alcohol for a sufficiently long period causes toxic damage to some intracellular functions in myofibrils. The disease is accompanied by a heartbeat, cough, a feeling of lack of air. Atrial fibrillation, extrasystole or tachycardia are also observed as symptoms. The heart, as a rule, increases in size, and its tones become muffled. The disease is accompanied by signs of chronic alcoholism. The course of the disease is quite slow. In many cases, discontinuation of alcohol leads to the disappearance of symptoms.
With the manifestation of early heartbeat, shortness of breath, increased fatigue, pain in the heart, thyrotoxicosis myocardial dystrophy is diagnosed. Treatment is aimed at eliminating thyrotoxicosis. It should be noted that severe thyrotoxicosis significantly prevents the relief of arising atrial fibrillation. In this case, it is more efficient and more expedient to sharply reduce or eliminate thyrotoxicosis. For these purposes, with early manifestations, beta-blockers or reserpine are prescribed. With the manifestation of heart failure, diuretics and cardiac glycosides are prescribed .
With hypothyroidism, damage to the heart muscle only supplements the main diagnosis. In this case, there is a slowdown in intraventricular and atrial ventricular conduction. In rare cases, arrhythmia is detected.
As a rule, treatment is aimed at metabolic processes. The impact is on the violation of conduction and rhythm, as well as heart failure. Patients are prescribed panangin, cocarboxylase, riboxin, ATP, potassium orotate, inositol. In addition, it is effective to take anabolic hormones (methandrostenolone, retabolil), B-vitamins, beta-blockers. With alcohol damage, the use of alcohol is contraindicated. Prescribed drugs that improve myocardial metabolism (anabolic steroids, cocarboxylase, panangin, riboxin, ATP). Beta blockers are allowed in small doses.