Colitis is a fairly common inflammatory disease of the colon mucosa. Everyone has experienced symptoms of colitis at least once.
The large intestine is a very important and responsible part of the digestive system and even a slight malfunction in it can affect the state of the body as a whole. In the colon live bacteria that are actively involved in the digestive process. The main function of the colon is the promotion of digestive mass through the intestines, as well as the absorption of fluids, the digestion of food using enzymes.
Two types of colitis are distinguished: acute and chronic. They are completely different in symptoms and treatment options.
Sharp pricks. Symptoms and treatment
They cause acute colitis, as a rule, intestinal infections, food poisoning, allergies or intolerance to any medicine, stress and poor nutrition. Quite often, acute colitis can cause common infections. This disease can develop due to a violation of basic rules of hygiene and sanitation. There are several types of this disease: ulcerative, catarrhal, erosive and fibrinous.
Symptoms
This sudden illness is manifested by diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramping abdominal pain. Also, patients are worried about weakness, deterioration of health, fever. Vomiting and diarrhea are a kind of protective reaction of the body, trying to get rid of poisons that got inside. The disease lasts from a few days to 2-3 weeks.
Treatment
- plentiful drink;
- Starvation and strict diet;
- Activated carbon, reducing the effect of toxins;
- Acceptance of enzyme preparations that envelop and adsorb substances;
- Physiotherapeutic treatment.
Prevention
Compliance with the rules of sanitation and hygiene. Good nutrition, healthy lifestyle.
Catarrhal colitis. Symptoms
This disease is accompanied by swelling of the mucous membrane, accompanied by necrosis and hemorrhage, the intestinal lumen narrows and the integrity of the epithelium is impaired.
Symptoms of this ailment include fatigue, irritability, abdominal pain, flatulence, weakness, diarrhea, or constipation.
For catarrhal, fibrinous colitis occurs, the symptoms of which are similar to those of acute colitis, and replace ulcerative. That is why a person must promptly consult a doctor who will prescribe treatment, otherwise the regeneration of ulcers will begin and the disease will become chronic.
Ulcerative colitis. Symptoms Treatment
This disease manifests itself with bleeding in the rectum, diarrhea and other complaints, which depend on the intensity of inflammation and the degree of the disease.
Doctors divide ulcerative colitis into several subspecies: ulcerative proctitis, proctosigmoiditis, sigmoiditis, pancolitis and fulminant colitis.
Ulcerative proctitis is an inflammation of the rectum.
Proctosigmoiditis is an inflammation of the sigmoid colon and inflammation of the rectum.
Pancolitis is an inflammation of the entire colon.
Lightning colitis is a more severe form, the treatment of which is carried out with hospitalization.
Chronic colitis. Symptoms
Symptoms of chronic colitis are diarrhea (less commonly constipation), abdominal pain, flatulence, rumbling, and increased fatigue.
Treatment
- Diet;
- Taking medications as prescribed by your doctor.
Prevention
Compliance with diet, limited intake of alcohol, timely treatment.
Complications
The most dangerous colitis is complications, which can be expressed by bleeding, pyelonephritis, peritonitis and other serious diseases. It should be remembered that, first of all, it is necessary to observe a strict diet and undergo a course of treatment, which should be prescribed only by a specialist according to the results of tests and examinations.
Never self-medicate!