An anal fissure is a rectal mucosa defect in the sphincter of the anus. Often a crack develops on its middle or back surface. The causes of the development of the disease can be trauma in childbirth, hemorrhoids, chronic constipation, prolonged diarrhea, weight lifting, abuse of spicy foods, a sedentary lifestyle. With an acute crack, pain during bowel movements, drops of blood in the feces, sphincter spasm disturb. If no treatment is carried out, the process becomes chronic.
In a chronic crack, itching joins, maceration, the crack heals, its walls become denser, but damage and the appearance of bloody discharge during defecation can occur at any time. A person begins to be afraid to go to the toilet and feverishly seek a remedy for cracks in the anus.
In the acute process, at the beginning of the disease, the treatment of an anal fissure is carried out conservatively, candles are prescribed in the morning, half an hour before defecation. And after the toilet it is useful to wash and take a bath with potassium permanganate, and then grease the crack with ointment. In the evening, you need to douche with a decoction of chamomile, after which it is useful to walk around so that the medicine acts on the crack for an hour. Then again grease the crack with ointment.
In order for the treatment of an anal fissure to be successful, it is important to follow a diet, normalize the stool and carefully observe personal hygiene after the toilet. Very good for cracking candles with anesthesin in the morning before bowel movements and microclysters in the evening with collargol. With severe pain, you can do manganese baths several times a day. The course of treatment is usually prescribed for a month.
In the chronic process, the treatment of an anal fissure is rarely effective in the conservative management of patients. Therefore, they often resort to surgical intervention, excise cicatricial changes, partially dissect the sphincter. Fresh wound in the absence of sphincter spasm heals perfectly.
Proctologists often answer patients' questions about how to cure an anal fissure is quite simple. Surgical treatment is immediately offered if it is a chronic crack that has been repeatedly and unsuccessfully treated conservatively. I think this is correct, in order to avoid complications, it is easier to perform an operation and forget about the problem. Than in a few years it will still come to the surgeons, but with polyps, fistulas or a tumor. Then a more complicated operation will be required, possibly plastic surgery, radiation or chemotherapy.
I will tell in more detail about the conservative treatment of an anal fissure in a chronic process. First of all, you must follow a diet, immediately abandon spicy and smoked food. Make manganese warm sitz baths several times a day. Of ointments, nitroglycerin ointment is used, which can relieve spasm of the rectum sphincter. But do not get carried away with it. Firstly, when absorbed into the bloodstream, it causes severe headaches. And secondly, with a pronounced removal of the spasm of the sphincter, it can cause incontinence, which will lead to fecal smear on the laundry.
The same effect and side effects gives Botox, which is introduced into the sphincter, the effect of which lasts three months. For the speedy healing of the fissure, methyluracil ointment, sea buckthorn oil are prescribed . For the analgesic effect, analgesics are administered in the form of suppositories, injections, ointments.
To normalize the stool, do not resort to laxatives, they can intensify the pain due to loose stools. It is much better to use cleansing enemas with cool water. Warm water will be absorbed in the intestines along with toxins, which will aggravate the situation.
An anal fissure is not as harmless as it might seem at first glance. If it is detected at a routine examination, even in the absence of symptoms, it should be treated in order to avoid more serious complications.