One of the common gynecological diseases is endometrial hyperplasia. It is dangerous because it can turn into cancer and cause infertility. There are several types of diseases that lead to a malignant process with varying degrees of probability.
An accurate diagnosis can only be made after histology of the endometrium obtained by biopsy or curettage. The latter manipulation is also a medical procedure. It is better to carry out under the control of hysteroscopy. This increases the efficiency and safety of curettage.
The doctor may suspect hyperplasia based on the patient's complaints, as well as the results of ultrasound. During this study, the thickness of the endometrium is determined . Too much of its value may indicate the presence of hyperplasia. However, the effectiveness of ultrasound in the diagnosis of this pathology is only 80%.
So, endometrial hyperplasia symptoms:
- uterine bleeding of varying intensity and duration;
- spotting between menstruation;
- menstruation can be plentiful and painful;
However, this disease can also be asymptomatic. Postmenopausal endometrial hyperplasia is manifested by uterine bleeding, which is considered a precancerous condition of the endometrium.
Histology allows you to determine the type of hyperplasia. This is important for choosing treatment tactics and prognosis. The most unpleasant option is atypical hyperplasia, which most often degenerates into cancer. It requires observation by gynecologists-oncologists.
If such a diagnosis is made to women of reproductive age who still want to have children, then they are urged to become pregnant after successful treatment. Then ablation of the endometrium is carried out, after which the bearing of a child is no longer possible. If the disease recurs, the question arises of the removal of the uterus.
Menopausal endometrial hyperplasia, which is not amenable to conservative treatment, is an indication for surgical intervention. Endometrial ablation or removal of the uterus is performed, especially with an atypical form.
Conservative treatment of hyperplasia is carried out by hormones. The dosage regimen and the drug are selected individually. Used COCs, gestagens, drugs that cause artificial menopause. It is advisable to conduct a hormonal examination before prescribing treatment.
The choice of treatment methods depends on age, concomitant diseases, the desire to have children, the type of disease, the ability to be observed by a specialist, the desire of the patient herself. Endometrial hyperplasia , the symptoms of which were described above, occurs due to hormonal imbalance, in which the amount of estrogen is increased and the level of progesterone is reduced.
Such violations are the result of anovulation, ovarian tumors , PCOS, obesity. In addition, endometrial hyperplasia may occur due to inadequate hormone therapy with estrogens. Symptoms of this disease, such as anemia, increased fatigue, weakness occur with large blood loss, in which the patient enters a hospital.
With successful treatment, to prevent relapse of the disease, it is necessary to see a specialist five years after hormone therapy, and 6 months after surgical treatment. Every six months, a doctor is examined, an ultrasound scan, a histological examination.
So, endometrial hyperplasia, the symptoms of which are uterine bleeding, infertility, cycle disorders, can go into a malignant process. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct timely treatment, which can be conservative and / or surgical.