This article describes in detail the types of gastritis of the stomach and the forms that they can take in the absence of timely treatment.
In addition, you will learn about the main measures that should be taken to implement the treatment and prevention of re-development of gastritis.
Basic data
| The main types of disease |
| Acute gastritis | It occurs when overeating, taking too spicy or rough food, unusual for the body, as well as as a result of excessive consumption of alcohol and cigarettes. Most often, acute gastritis, the types and forms of which are discussed in detail in the article, has a mild form in which hospitalization is not required. |
| Atrophic gastritis | Inflammation of the gastric mucosa, as a result of which the number of healthy cells in the tissues begins to decline rapidly. If untreated, it can take a chronic form and provoke the emergence of cancer cells. Therefore, before starting treatment, it is first of all necessary to find out what are atrophic gastritis, the types, causes and treatment of which, depending on the pathologies and course, are discussed in detail in the article. This is the only way you can get the most out of your treatment. |
| Chronic gastritis | Inflammation of the gastric mucosa, detrimental to its performance. Often occurs in people who have repeatedly suffered an acute form of gastritis, without going to the doctor. |
| Gastritis with high acidity | This form of the disease is extremely detrimental to the gastric mucosa, since with a high level of acidity, the body produces hydrochloric acid in a large volume, which in large quantities can cause burns. In the absence of proper treatment, burns eventually turn into ulcerations and erosion, often causing bleeding. It is quite difficult to cure such a pathology, because in the most damaged areas an ulcer or, in the worst case, gastric cancer can form. Therefore, knowing what types of gastritis with high acidity are, you can detect the disease much faster and consult a doctor. |
| Antacid gastritis | It occurs if the gastric juice does not produce enough acid. In fact, it is a rare, but rather difficult to treat, inflammation of the gastric mucosa, to eliminate which it is necessary to use complex treatment. |
Remember that in the treatment of all types of gastritis require a strict diet. At the same time, it is better to discuss the selection of products that suit you in this condition with a doctor, since the diet will directly depend on the form in which the disease manifests itself. In any case, be prepared for the fact that you have to abandon the use of spicy and fried foods, as well as alcohol.
Then you can learn more about the types of gastritis and their treatment, as well as find out what preventive measures will help prevent their return.
Atrophic gastritis
Atrophic gastritis is one of the most unpredictable varieties of the disease. This is directly related to the fact that at the initial stage it proceeds almost asymptomatically. In addition, the slight discomfort that it causes can be easily mistaken for ordinary malaise, however, knowing the main types of gastritis and the symptoms of the disease, you can detect its presence much faster and consult a doctor. However, remember that most often it develops in older men.
Under the influence of a number of reasons, gastric cells stop producing elements of gastric juice in sufficient quantities, producing mucus instead.
Despite the fact that atrophic gastritis, the types of which are presented below, is most often accompanied by the presence of an increased or decreased level of acidity in the stomach, its main danger lies in the fact that, according to numerous studies, it is a harbinger of the occurrence of cancer cells.
The main symptoms are:
- After eating, even in small amounts, a feeling of heaviness and discomfort appears in the region of the solar plexus.
- Even with regular visits to the dentist and completely healthy teeth, you can smell bad breath. In addition, minor manifestations may form in the oral cavity.
- A rumbling periodically sounds in the stomach.
- Flatulence, constipation, or diarrhea may occur.
- The weight of the patient is sharply reduced.
- Anemia develops, during which headaches appear, the skin becomes pale yellow in color, and the tongue periodically begins to tingle.
- The hormonal background is disturbed, which can lead to an early onset of menopause.
Atrophic gastritis, the types and forms of which are discussed in this article, requires studies such as gastroscopy or endoscopy. With their help, the doctor can not only understand how thin the walls of the stomach are, but also find out how damaged the gastric glands are.
In addition, in a number of modern clinics, a gastropanel is used to detect atrophic gastritis, which allows a non-invasive way to assess the state of the gastric mucosa.
How does the pathology manifest itself?
Depending on the stage at which atrophic gastritis is located, the types of disease are divided into 4 forms:
- Superficial. This is the initial stage of the disease. It is just the first sign that inflammation may appear on the gastric mucosa. It is determined only with the help of endoscopy. If the doctor uses the instrumental method of examination, then with his help he can most often determine what is the thickness of the gastric walls, at what stage is the degeneration of the epithelium, and by indirect signs to establish the state in which the hypersecretion of cells is located.
- Sharp. Inflammatory processes on the gastric mucosa begin to develop rapidly. There is tissue edema, destruction of the epithelium, which can even lead to mucosal erosion, as well as leukocyte infiltration outside the stomach.
- Moderate. Gastric cells are partially transformed. In order to detect gastritis at this stage, the doctor will need to examine the gastric mucosa for damaged cells. In addition, in some cases, an analysis is performed that shows how much the tissue has undergone changes.
- Chronic
Types of disease
What types can this form of the disease take? The table below will help to understand this.
Types of Atrophic Gastritis| Antral | In the lower part of the stomach, in the immediate vicinity of the duodenum, a small compacted “tube” forms, in the form of which this type of gastritis is manifested. Affected areas of the stomach are deformed, covered with peculiar scars. The level of acidity with antral gastritis either decreases slightly, or remains at the same level. In addition, with this type of disease, some patients in the oral cavity begin to develop ulcerative processes. |
| Focal | In the gastric tissues, areas with pronounced pathological processes appear. In rare cases, there may be an increase in acidity, which is directly related to the fact that healthy areas of the stomach completely compensate for the work of the affected. |
| Diffuse | It is the main harbinger of the onset of dystrophic changes. Its main symptom is that the gastric glands gradually degenerate, as a result of which their normal activity is disrupted and immature cells begin to appear more and more. In addition, a deep sign of the gastric fossa may serve as a clear sign of the disease. |
Atrophic gastritis treatment methods
Due to the fact that there are a lot of forms and types of atrophic gastritis, doctors have not yet developed a unified methodology for their treatment. This is directly related to the fact that cells damaged as a result of this type of disease are not restored.
However, the doctor, after conducting an individual examination, can draw up an optimal treatment procedure for each individual patient and prescribe him an appropriate diet.
Chronic gastritis
If you do not go to the doctor in case of acute gastritis or do not exactly follow all the recommendations that he gave you regarding its treatment and prevention, over time the disease takes a chronic form. In addition, even a number of exogenous factors can affect its occurrence , for example, if you violate the diet for a long time.
Types of Chronic Gastritis| For reasons of occurrence |
| Endogenous | It occurs in cases when acute gastritis is complicated by the presence of heart and infectious diseases, allergies and diabetes. It also occurs when the diet is not followed, and there are no teeth, as a result of which food enters the stomach practically not chewed, thereby exerting an excessive load on it. |
| Exogenous | Most often occurs in people in contact with chemicals for a long time. For example, people working in the chemical industry. |
| For the production of gastric juice |
| High acidity | Gastric juice is secreted in too large a volume. |
| Low acidity | The secretory function of the stomach is significantly reduced. |
| Types of chronic gastritis of the stomach by histological signs, detected by biopsy |
| Neatrophic | The pancreas is affected, but not atrophied. |
| Subatrophic | The pancreas partially atrophies. |
| Mixed | Inflammation of the mucosa can change dramatically to a more serious lesion, as a result of which the tissues of the stomach can atrophy. |
In addition, all chronic gastritis can be divided relative to the localization of the process in the gastric departments into the cardiac, gastritis of the body and antrum.
Treatments for chronic gastritis
Knowing what types of gastritis are, you can much faster determine when the disease will take a chronic form, which will help you see a doctor in a timely manner for action. Remember that if you do not pay attention to gastritis for a long time, then ulcers or even cancer cells can appear on the walls of the stomach. So that the doctor can accurately determine the type of ailment and adjust the treatment, a number of medical examinations are prescribed, for example, gastroscopy, a blood test or a measurement of acidity.
Chronic types of gastritis of the stomach always require an integrated approach to their treatment, in which the diet will be combined with a number of drugs that envelop the walls of the stomach. In addition, drugs can have an adsorbing and antacid effect. In any case, medications should be taken several hours after a meal, when the tablets reduce the strength of the inflammation of the mucosa and allow the stomach to easily digest food.
Gastritis with high acidity
All types of gastritis with high acidity develop in connection with excessive production of digestive secretions by the stomach. The main sign of their occurrence is the presence of aching pain, which occurs on an empty stomach or a few hours after eating. The pain is directly related to the contact of hydrochloric acid and inflamed gastric walls and can be localized in the epigastric zone or the left hypochondrium.
Types of gastritis with high acidity:
- Chemical.
- Fundamental.
- Antral.
Despite the fact that the symptoms in each of these species are very similar, the root causes that affect their occurrence are different.
It is noteworthy that the onset of the disease can be affected not only by the presence of bad habits or the Helicobacterpylori bacterium, but also by a genetic factor, as a result of which even fundus gastritis may appear . In some cases, the occurrence of any type of gastritis with high acidity can be affected even by the lack of oxygen resulting from injuries or systemic diseases.
Acid Gastritis Treatments
The treatment of gastritis with high acidity should be carried out by a highly qualified specialist who will develop treatment based on the results of analyzes and further annual diagnostics, will be able to choose the best correction option, changing it depending on the development or attenuation of the disease. In addition to palpation, the disease can be diagnosed by conducting a study of gastric juice. So, the doctor will be able to timely determine not only the form, but also the stage of gastritis, as well as find out if the bacterium Helicobacterpylori influenced its development.
It is noteworthy that when developing a treatment regimen, the initial assessment is not the level of acidity, but the condition in which the gastric mucosa is located. If gastritis with acute acidity is acute, then at the first stage the doctor prescribes medications that can reduce pain and eliminate inflammation.
Acute gastritis
The inflammatory process that affects the gastric mucosa is called acute gastritis. It can appear at any age, so at the first symptoms you should immediately consult a doctor.
Types of Acute Gastritis| Catarrhal | It is observed in most cases. It covers the surface of the gastric walls, as a result of which the stomach begins to intensively produce mucus, which can provoke the occurrence of edema or hyperemia. If acute gastritis is triggered by the ingestion of an allergen in the stomach, a reaction in the form of a rash, swelling or redness appears on the skin within a few minutes. With this type of gastritis, due to the accumulated mucus, the walls of the stomach significantly thicken. In addition, various defects appear on their surface in the form of ulcers, hemorrhages, or serous exudate, from which epithelial cells gradually die. |
| Corrosive | Appears due to poisoning by concentrated chemicals. In this case, by the form of pathology, corrosive gastritis can be divided into coagulation (dry) and collicative (wet) necrosis. In rare cases, for example, with chemical poisoning, it can lead to the development of heart, liver, or kidney failure. At the same time, the walls of the stomach can be so damaged that its contents get into neighboring organs. |
| Fibrinous | The main reason for its appearance is infectious diseases caused by various types of poisoning, as a result of which the gastric mucosa undergoes serious changes. If fibrinous gastritis develops into a purulent exudate, inflammation forms a kind of film on the outside of the gastric walls, under which the tissues are transformed into loose joints. It is noteworthy that if the tissue lesion is not severe, the film is easily removed, therefore, during vomiting, its elements can be found in the masses. |
| Phlegmonous | Represents a pronounced purulent gastritis, developing due to violations of the integrity of the mucosa. Inflammation occurs as a result of injuries of the gastric walls by foreign objects, for example, if the patient swallows a large fish bone or needle. These changes affect all layers of the stomach, including the serous membrane, as a result of which the patient develops peritonitis or perigastritis. |
Treatment of acute gastritis
If the patient takes any medications, you should definitely tell the doctor about it so that he can prescribe the correct treatment. In addition, even if gastritis no longer appears, you should regularly visit a gastroenterologist.
Acute gastritis, the types, causes, prevention and treatment of which are discussed in this article, require the observance of a special diet. In addition, after the initial manifestation of the disease, the patient is recommended to starve for a day, so as not to strain the stomach.
In the treatment of acute gastritis, one should concentrate on eliminating the root cause that provoked its occurrence. If acute gastritis was caused by poisoning with chemicals, gastric lavage is required.
Antacid gastritis
If the stomach does not cope with the production of a sufficient amount of acid, a hypoacid form of gastritis appears, which in the absence of proper treatment quickly transforms into antacid, in which too little hydrochloric acid becomes in the gastric juice. As a result of this, the food is not properly digested, the digestive process becomes difficult, and even in severe forms of antacid gastritis. Most often, it is diagnosed in elderly patients, manifesting in the form of discomfort in the stomach area that occurs immediately after eating.
Most often, antacid gastritis develops due to malnutrition, stress, poor heredity or a weak immune system that prevents the stomach tissues from producing enough antibodies.
Treatment of antacid gastritis
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Conclusion
Remember that only the doctor can determine the type, shape and course of gastritis. In no case do not take the medicines prescribed to your relatives and friends - each individual form of gastritis requires an individual approach to treatment, and the drug that helped one person to cope with gastritis can have a detrimental effect on the body of another. Take care of yourself and be healthy!