Pressure in a child of 10 years: normal. Pressure table in children

Since not only adults and the elderly, but also children and adolescents need blood pressure and pulse pressure measurements, many parents often ask themselves: "What pressure is a child of 10 years old - the norm, and which is considered a deviation?" And if it is a baby, preschooler or teenager? What are their meanings? Let's try to understand the question of what normal pressure a child should have at different periods of his life.

What are the indicators of pulse and blood pressure?

The data of these two components allow us to characterize the state of the human cardiovascular system. Deviations of indicators indicate serious malfunctions in the body. It can be both independent diseases, and a consequence of a different kind of developing disease.

Blood pressure concept

This is the total blood pressure on the walls of the vessels. It has 2 main parameters: systolic (upper), speaks of pressure with maximum contraction of the heart at the time of the ejection of blood, and diastolic (lower), on the contrary, indicates pressure on the vascular walls when the heart muscle is relaxed as much as possible. The difference between the upper and lower values ​​is an indicator of pulse pressure.

Do people have the same pressure?

In different periods of human life, the measurement of blood pressure shows different values. At birth, his blood pressure is low. The older he is, the higher his pressure, since the tone of blood vessels increases over the years, their elasticity is lost. As a rule, indicators of systolic and pulse pressure in the total have a value of 200.

Normal blood pressure in children

The generally accepted average rate is considered the value of 120/80 mm Hg This indicator characterizes well-being in adults. Each one has his own norm, which can be influenced even by such factors as life in urban or rural conditions, a hereditary predisposition, the nature of nutrition (for example, a tendency to excessively salty foods). To operate on the knowledge of what blood pressure in children is considered the norm, one can resort to various formulas and techniques. All of them provide universal indicators for children of different physique and constitution, whether it be, for example, tall or short, thin or full-bodied child.

So what is the pressure in children? For newborns and children up to a year, the systolic pressure formula 76 + 2x is acceptable, where x is the number of months of the child. Diastolic is 2/3 - 1/2 of the maximum upper. To measure pressure in children older than a year, they resort to the formula of I.M.Voronin: for systolic - it's 90 + 2x, diastolic - 60 + x, where x is a quantitative indicator of age in years. As an example, we give the pressure in a child of 10 years: the norm should be 110/70 (90 + 2x10 / 60 + 10). The lower limit of normal systolic pressure should not exceed 75 + 2x, the upper - 105 + 2x. The calculation for the diastolic indicator is similar: the allowable minimum is 45 + x, the maximum is 75 + x. Therefore, the pressure in a child of 10 years (the norm of acceptable values) can fluctuate within 95-125 / 55-85.

Pressure table for children of different ages (minimum and maximum permissible parameters)

How to measure pressure?

To determine what pressure in children is acceptable at a particular age, you should resort to a device for measuring it - a tonometer (there is an automatic machine or a semiautomatic device). An electronic device is very popular at home. When measuring pressure, the child’s hand should be bent, palm turned up. A rubber cuff fitted with fabric is attached to the exposed forearm at a 2-3-cm distance from the elbow, so that the index finger fits freely under it. A phonendoscope is placed on a pulsating artery at the elbow. Air in the cuff is inflated until the pulse disappears. When opening the valve and slowly lowering the air from the cuff in the phonendoscope, you need to listen to the first and last sound tones, which will respectively be indicators of systolic and diastolic pressure.

Measurement Features

To obtain more accurate values, it is more correct to measure blood pressure in children immediately after sleep or a short rest, since motor and emotional activity helps to increase parameters. Caffeine is capable of influencing indicators, so it is better to refrain from products containing it at least an hour before the measurements. For greater accuracy, it is better to purchase a tonometer cuff specially designed for children. For children of different ages, the width of the cuff will vary. So, it will be (in cm): for newborns - 3; for children up to a year - 5; preschool children - 8; adolescents - 10. It is believed that the lower edge of the cuff cannot be higher than 2-3 cm from the ulnar fossa. In children up to 2 years of age, measurements are carried out in a prone position, for the remaining age categories - lying, sitting, even standing. It should be understood that measuring blood pressure in children on both hands can give different indicators. It is better to take measurements 3 times, after a few minutes each, and in the same position. The correct indicator will be considered the smallest value received. Sometimes, an increase or decrease in pressure can result from a fear of a child visiting hospitals, rejection of doctors in white coats. If your child does not complain of malaise, it makes sense to double-check it in a calm home environment.

But what if not the norm?

As a rule, up to the age of 5 years, the pressure in boys and girls is the same; at 5–9 years of age, it is slightly higher in boys. With an increase in the load on the heart muscle, systolic blood pressure indicators are generally higher in all adolescents (in girls aged 12-14 and in children aged 14-16). Particularly relevant increase in the chubby.

A few words about hypertension

Blood pressure in excess of the maximum allowable norm without obvious signs, for example, as a result of pubertal rearrangement of the body, stress, slight motor activity, including in the fresh air, indicates a possible primary hypertension. For the most part, this is not even a disease, but a kind of response of the body to external signals.

High rates of upper blood pressure are an alarming sign indicating impaired thyroid function, anemia. If both the upper and lower values ​​are overestimated, it is worth checking the work of the adrenal glands, heart, central nervous system, and especially the kidneys. This is secondary hypertension. It is important to eliminate the cause of the primary disease. A good effect on reducing pressure is the use of blackcurrant.

Who is likely to have hypotension?

On the contrary, low blood pressure or hypotension indicates fatigue, weakness of the body, and dizziness. Not as dangerous as high blood pressure. More characteristic of asthenics. It is observed with infections, starvation, shock conditions, fainting, heart attacks, etc. Hardening, sports, caffeine (in moderate doses) can restore the norm.

No matter what the pressure of a child of 10 years old - is this the norm or deviations - in the case of his poor health, you should definitely go to the doctor.