What is dolichosigma, not everyone knows, although in reality such a pathology is considered quite common. This unpleasant disease brings a lot of problems, and if left untreated, it also faces serious consequences. So what is it - intestinal dolichosigma in adults, and how to properly treat it? About all this and not only in the proposed material.
What it is
In adults, intestinal dolichosigma is diagnosed quite often. This pathology is usually congenital, but it may well be an acquired defect. In some cases, this disease does not at all bring its owner any problems or inconveniences. In such a situation, dolichosigma can be considered an anomaly of the structure. But still, in most patients with such a diagnosis, many unpleasant symptoms characteristic of this disease are found.
To realize the seriousness of the problem, you need to understand what dolichosigma is and why it appears. This pathology is an abnormal lengthening of the sigmoid colon. In this case, the diameter of the lumen and the thickness of its walls turn out to be absolutely normal. But ordinary tissues are replaced by connective cells, which contain much more muscle fibers. In addition, the intestinal walls are filled with a specific fluid, against the background of which innervation disorders occur.
With dolichosigma, the length of not only the sigmoid colon, but also its mesentery increases. This phenomenon entails impaired motility and bowel movement. Pathology manifests itself with regular constipation, recurring pain in the abdomen, as well as flatulence.
Development mechanism
During the course of the disease, a specific sequence of formation is visible. There are three stages in the development of pathology.
- Compensated. At this stage, the patient does not have pronounced signs due to the work of the compensation mechanism in the body. In some cases, patients complain of problems with stool in the form of constipation, lasting up to 5 days.
- Subcompensated. At this stage, constipation becomes permanent. Because of this, bloating occurs, pain is felt in the area near the navel. Under such conditions, even laxatives may be ineffective.
- Decompensated. The final stage of the development of the disease, in which the duration of constipation exceeds a week. In such conditions, intestinal obstruction is formed, due to which intoxication of the whole organism appears.
Causes of Congenital Pathology
Even knowing what intestinal dolichosigma is, it is not so simple to find out the initial prerequisites for its development. Even specialists involved in active study of the disease, can not confidently talk about the causes of this defect. With accuracy, we can only say that dolichosigma is congenital and acquired. The first type is more often found in young children, and parents can recognize it in the first days of the baby’s life.
The specific causes of dolichosigma are still a mystery. However, most doctors identify several basic prerequisites for the development of this disease:
- hereditary predisposition;
- use by a woman carrying a child of synthetic medicines;
- harmful environmental conditions;
- infectious pathologies transferred during pregnancy.
Causes of Acquired Disease
This form of the disease is diagnosed much less frequently. Usually it is detected at the age of over 45 years. The reasons for the development of acquired dolichosigma are considered to be such factors:
- inactive lifestyle;
- abuse of heavy food, a lot of carbohydrates;
- digestive disorders;
- regular stress.
Symptoms
Knowing what dolichosigma is and what its signs are, you can identify the disease in the early stages of development and easily cure it, which is much more difficult to do in the later stages. In adults, this disease provokes pain in the abdomen without specific localization. Patients often complain that their entire stomach aches. It is noteworthy that the pain increases with the duration of constipation. In addition to pain, signs of dolichosigma are:
- bloating;
- flatulence;
- dry feces;
- rumbling and gurgling in the stomach;
- prolonged constipation - emptying occurs less than three times a week;
- loss of appetite;
- drops of blood in the stool;
- white coating on the tongue;
- severe hair loss;
- unpleasant stool odor;
- cicatricial changes in sigma;
- fecal stones;
- bad breath.
Associated pathologies
In many children with a congenital form of dolichosigma, other malformations are diagnosed in parallel with it. Most often, this disease is accompanied by:
- chronic gastroduodenitis;
- colitis;
- dysbiosis;
- pancreatitis
- diverticular disease;
- anemia;
- biliary dyskinesia.
Diagnostics
At the time of palpation, the specialist reveals an overflow of the intestine with feces. Visually, the doctor can also pay attention to the pallor of the integument, excessive thinness, developmental abnormalities in children. Also used to diagnose dolichosigma:
- fecal analysis;
- colonoscopy;
- coprogram;
- irrigography;
- Ultrasound of the abdomen;
- intestinal x-ray;
- blood tests;
- sigmoidoscopy.
Treatment of intestinal dolichosigma in adults
A prerequisite for the successful treatment of this disease is the observance of a special diet. A patient with such a diagnosis is recommended foods rich in fiber and vegetable oils. Sour-milk treats are extremely useful. Diet with dolichosigma also eliminates alcohol and all sorts of products that provoke constipation. These include: boiled potatoes, semolina, pasta, bread, canned meat, biscuits.
In the diet of patients with dolichosigma, the maximum amount of minerals, vitamins and fiber should be present. The last element is not particularly well digested, but instead it facilitates the movement of other products along the path. In addition, fiber makes stool soft, prevents constipation and stimulates bowel activity. A large number of such an important element can be found in:
- green onions;
- bananas;
- pumpkin;
- carrots;
- cabbage;
- grapes;
- Tomatoes
- green apples;
- cucumbers;
- kiwi;
- pineapple
- pears.
An obligatory component of the diet for people with elongated intestines are cereals from whole natural grains. To prevent constipation, you can add a little olive or vegetable oil to the porridge.
To recover as quickly as possible, you should completely abandon products with dyes, preservatives and biological additives. All these elements only aggravate the course of pathology.
It is strictly forbidden to eat:
- various fatty cakes;
- cocoa;
- all kinds of carbonated drinks;
- crackers;
- smoked meats;
- strong tea;
- spicy spices;
- fatty dishes;
- Cakes
- spicy sauces;
- biscuits;
- products with an excessively long shelf life.
The standard treatment regimen for intestinal dolichosigma in adults includes:
- adherence to an appropriate diet;
- if necessary, surgery;
- massage of the abdomen;
- taking laxatives;
- the use of vitamin complexes.
Conservative therapy
Whatever stage the disease is at, treatment begins with such techniques. In particular, it is important to establish the digestive tract first. And for this, appropriate medications are used:
- antispasmodics - eliminate spastic pain - "Platifillin" and "Drotaverin";
- pro and prebiotics - stabilize the intestinal microflora - "Bifidumbacterin" and "Linex";
- B vitamins - stop signs of vitamin deficiency;
- injections of Proserinum and Dibazol - are used for hypotension of the digestive passage;
- Laxatives - help get rid of prolonged constipation - "Lactulose" and "Lactusan."
Almost always, people with a diagnosis of dolichosigma are prescribed such drugs:
- "Festal".
- Mukofalk.
- Motilium.
- "Dibazole".
- "Psillium."
- "Duspatalin."
- Linex
- Proserin.
- "Narine."
Medication for bowel distension usually includes:
- enemas with the addition of medicinal plants;
- anti-swelling agents;
- laxatives;
- prokinetics.
An excellent result allows you to achieve a special massage. With dolichosigma, the intestinal and stomach zones are treated. Such a massage should be done by a specialist with a medical education.
Sparing exercise with dolichosigma are of great benefit. Squatting is recommended periodically throughout the day - such a simple workout stimulates the urge to empty the bowel.
The injured organ is massaged equally efficiently when the bent knees are turned in different directions. The simplest, but no less useful, is another exercise - in the supine position you need to stretch your legs and gently rotate your feet.
Surgical intervention
Surgery is considered a radical way to treat the disease, therefore, with dolichosigma in adults, it is used extremely rarely. Most often, the following signs become indications for surgical intervention:
- persistent constipation;
- intestinal obstruction;
- bowel loops that cannot be straightened;
- lack of result from conservative treatment;
- progressive fecal intoxication.
If there is such a need, specialists perform a resection of the sigmoid colon. Its lower section is cut out in anatomical limits. The main indication for such an operation is dolichosigma. The disease can also be eliminated otherwise - with the help of proctosigmoidectomy. This alternative intervention involves removal of the sigmoid and rectum.
Folk recipes
With such a pathology as dolichosigma, alternative treatment may well be unconventional, however, all the methods used should be coordinated with a specialist so as not to aggravate the situation, harming your body.
An excellent tool is freshly squeezed cabbage juice. It is necessary to drink it for three weeks in half a glass daily. It is advisable to carry out the procedure before bedtime.
No less effective is a compote of prunes with a handful of wild rose and buckthorn bark. Take this tool should be similar.
Herbal medicine helps to achieve a good effect with dolichosigma. Herbal remedies greatly facilitate the patient's condition and improve his quality of life. By the way, such techniques are welcomed even by some doctors.
- Tea with dried apples and cherry leaves helps with this problem.
- Conventional enemas can be replaced with mint with the addition of lemon balm. The solution used should have a temperature of 35-40 degrees.
- Excellently proven aloe juice. It should be drunk 15 minutes before meals.
- Pea powder is easy to prepare and perfectly saves with prolonged constipation. You need to take the drug every day for only 5 grams.
Another excellent remedy in traditional medicine is bran. They must be poured with boiling water and eaten in a swollen form before a meal in a teaspoon. You need to take bran 2 weeks, then you should take a break and repeat the course. Such therapy will help remove toxins from the intestines that pollute it.
Effects
What is the danger of intestinal dolichosigma? It is extremely important to treat this pathology. Otherwise, such a serious disease can lead to various complications. For example, often untreated dolichosigma provokes the occurrence of:
- anemia
- drastic weight loss;
- coloptosis;
- diverticulosis;
- peritonitis;
- irritable bowel syndrome;
- bowel perforation;
- fecal intoxication;
- acute intestinal obstruction;
- fecal stones, which the body is not able to get rid of on its own.
So you need to protect your health and try to consult doctors on time.