Allergies in a child are common today. What are the causes of the widespread occurrence of allergic pathologies?
Unfavorable ecology, poor living conditions, the presence of pets in the apartment, poor nutrition, the use of foods high in food additives, the widespread use of perfumes and household chemicals, as well as other environmental factors load the immune system, which ultimately results in the appearance of allergic symptoms .
It is worth noting that allergic reactions can occur almost from birth. Often there is an allergy to milk. In this case, not only the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is disturbed in the child, but also a rash may appear, which causes significant anxiety and a deterioration in the well-being of the newborn. It must be remembered that increased sensitization can occur not only on cow's milk or artificial mixtures, which may contain harmful additives, but also on mother's milk, however, this type of allergy is quite rare.
Hypersensitivity to various allergens can be provoked by burdened heredity. So, children whose father and mother suffer from a certain allergic pathology have a chance to inherit it by more than 70%.
If we talk about the
manifestations of allergies, then the clinic of this pathology is diverse. Among the main violations, the following can be distinguished:
• food allergy - in a child up to a year it is most often. It can be provoked by inappropriate nutrition of a woman during lactation, when she consumes citrus fruits, smoked meats, honey, etc .;
• skin allergy - in the initial stages of its development is called diathesis, it manifests itself as red spots on the face and buttocks, itching and peeling are also characteristic. In addition to food etiology, skin damage can occur with an allergy to children's cosmetics.
In most cases, when the provoking factors are eliminated, such an allergy in a child does not need medical treatment, but it is also impossible to ignore such manifestations, since they indicate a tendency to such reactions. If an allergy in a child that occurs with skin lesions is characterized by more severe clinical manifestations, then they are already talking about eczema or atopic dermatitis;
• Respiratory allergosis - manifested by conjunctivitis, rhinitis, allergic laryngitis, bronchial asthma of varying severity, as well as alveolitis. The most common allergens are house dust, feather pillows, pet hair, indoor flowers, fish food, which includes daphnia. An allergy in a child with respiratory damage often develops in cases where there is high humidity in the home, since mold spores spread throughout the rooms;
• allergy to insect bites and medications;
• allergic manifestations when exposed to low temperatures (cold urticaria).
The etiology and pathogenetic mechanism of allergy development are very different, therefore, for the effective treatment, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of provoking factors and prescribe desensitizing therapy according to the clinical manifestations of the disease.