"Klimara" is an anti-climacteric drug of estrogenic effect. The drug is available in the form of oval patches, consisting of a transparent carrier film and a homogeneous matrix with the active component (one in a packet, 4 in total per package).
In the composition of the patch "Klimara" there is the following active substance - estradiol hemihydrate.
Additional ingredients are:
- ethyl oleate;
- isopropyl myristate;
- glyceryl monolaurate;
- acrylate copolymer.
What reviews and instructions for use does the Klimara patch have?
Pharmacological actions
Klimara is a patch attached to the skin that contains estradiol identical to the endogenous estradiol formed by the female ovaries. A decrease in their functioning, accompanied by a decrease in the production of estrogen, provokes the development of menopause.
According to reviews and instructions for the patch "Klimara", it is known that the active component among all physiological estrogens is considered more active. In the prevention of endometrial hyperplasia, women with a preserved uterus should be sequentially prescribed gestagen for fourteen days a month.
The percutaneous intake of Klimara helps to avoid strong fluctuations in the serum content of estradiol, as well as its metabolic products, as occurs with the use of drugs containing estradiol. As a result, the load on the liver is significantly reduced, since it eliminates the ingress of a large number of estradiol and its metabolites, which, after using oral medications of hormone replacement therapy, undergo a presystemic exchange in the liver.
Partially, the products of estradiol metabolism are excreted in the bile, undergoing intestinal-hepatic circulation of bile acids, but are ultimately eliminated from the body with urine.
Indications
According to the instructions, the Klimara patch must be used for hormone replacement therapy to eliminate the signs of estrogen deficiency that occurs as a result of natural menopause or after an operation to remove the ovaries.
The medication is also used in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women who are at increased risk of fractures, in cases of intolerance or contraindications to the use of other drugs prescribed for osteoporosis in the postmenopausal period.
Contraindications
The following conditions and diseases are considered bans on the use of the Klimara patch:
- Breast cancer (malignant neoplasm of the breast).
- Vaginal bleeding.
- Hormone-dependent malignant tumors (a variant of a malignant breast tumor in which at least ten atypical cells have receptors for female hormones).
- Precancerous conditions (congenital or acquired tissue changes that contribute to the occurrence of malignant neoplasms).
- Deep vein thrombosis (a condition in which blood clots form in the veins that impede the normal flow of blood).
- Thromboembolic diseases (thrombosis of blood capillaries or in the heart region with a drift of detached parts of the thrombus to other parts of the cardiovascular system).
- Pregnancy and lactation.
- Increased sensitivity to any components of the drug.
- A persistent increase in blood pressure from one hundred and forty to ninety millimeters of mercury and higher.
- Uterine fibroids (a benign tumor that occurs in the muscle layer of an organ).
- Endometriosis (a common gynecological disease in which endometrial cells grow outside this layer).
- Diabetes mellitus (an endocrine disease that is associated with impaired glucose uptake and developing as a result of absolute or relative insufficiency of the hormone insulin, which subsequently develops a persistent increase in blood glucose concentration).
How to glue the patch?
Klimara is used by cutaneous application. It is necessary to start therapy with the lowest dosage: the area of the patch is 13.5 cm 2 (4.5 by 3.0 centimeters), and the rate of release of the active component is fifty micrograms per day. If necessary, it is allowed to use a higher-dosage patch, the area of which is 25 cm 2 (6.0 by 4.2 centimeters), and the rate of release of the active substance from the body is one hundred micrograms per day.
After completing the dosage selection, the lowest effective concentration should be applied to alleviate the symptoms. In the prevention of osteoporosis, treatment should be initiated for postmenopausal bone loss immediately after menopause.
It is necessary to carry out prolonged therapy. The dosage regimen is prescribed taking into account the individual characteristics of the person, the duration of treatment can be either continuous or cyclic. To switch from long continuous treatment to a new level, it is necessary to start therapy on the next day after the completion of the previous course.
The use of estrogen is practiced exclusively in women with extirpation of the uterus. Women in menopause every month for about fourteen days to the therapy "Clima" need to add a progestogen.
In a situation of using a patch in which more than fifty micrograms of the hormone is released per day, no protective effect on the mucosal layer was detected with the addition of progestogens.
How to glue the patch "Klimara"? Photo attached to the article. The patch must be attached every week, after removing the old, but to a different place. For therapy in a cyclic rhythm, the patch is attached every week for three weeks, after a seven-day interval without attaching it, the next course is started.
The appearance of menstrual bleeding occurs two to three days after discontinuation of gestagen administration.
Recommendations
The patch must be glued on dry, clean skin. The drug must be fixed immediately after opening the package and removing the protective film. Fix the patch along the spine or buttocks.
According to reviews of the Klimar patch, it is known that it is not recommended to stick it on or near the chest. You should also avoid areas of the skin on which it can shift in a sitting position. The area selected for fixing the patch should not be disturbed or irritated. To fix the medication, firmly press it with your palm.
At the end of the procedure, you need to make sure that the patch is in good contact with the epidermis, especially at the edges. With a bad fit, you need to press on it for better fixing.
According to reviews of the Klimara patch, it is known that with a properly fixed preparation, you can wash in the bathroom as usual. But it can detach from the skin in very hot water or when visiting the sauna.
If a woman forgot to change the patch on time, the replacement must be done as soon as possible after the pass. Next, you should also continue to apply the next new patch in standard mode after the end of the seven-day treatment.
Adverse reactions
As a rule, Klimara causes the following undesirable reactions:
- Skin irritation.
- A neurological disease, the most common and characteristic symptom of which is episodic or regular severe pain.
- Depression (a mental disorder whose main signs are depressed mood and a decrease or loss in the ability to have fun).
- Nausea.
- Flatulence (excessive accumulation of gas in the intestine, which is manifested by bloating, possibly the abundant secretion of a large amount of digestive gas).
- Painful cider in the epigastric region (one of the most common symptoms that often accompanies a wide range of gastrointestinal disorders).
- Cholestatic jaundice (a pathological process in the patient's body, which is accompanied by a lack of access to bile in the intestine).
- Melasma (the formation of pigmented spots of coffee shades on the skin).
- Chloasma (a pathological process of the skin, expressed in excessive pigmentation due to increased hormones or diseases of the genitourinary sphere, as well as during the period of gestation).
- A benign tumor that occurs in the muscle layer of the uterus.
- An external manifestation in which irritation of any area of the body occurs, causing a desire to itch.
- Allergic contact dermatitis (an inflammatory skin disease that occurs at the place of its direct contact with an allergen).
- Generalized exanthema (allergic skin disease, which manifests itself in the form of red spots and severe itching).
- Deterioration in the course of porphyria (a hereditary disorder of pigment metabolism with an increased content of porphyrins in the blood and tissues and their increased excretion in urine and feces).
- Swelling (excessive accumulation of fluid in the organs, extracellular tissue spaces of the body).
- Muscle cramps (a disease that occurs mainly due to inflammation of muscle fibers).
Poisoning
When using Klimara, the likelihood of an overdose is small. Possible manifestations:
- vomiting
- withdrawal bleeding.
If there are signs of overdose, remove the patch, if necessary, carry out symptomatic treatment.
Features
Before starting hormone therapy or with a second appointment, the representative of the beautiful half is recommended to undergo a general medical and gynecological examination, which includes examination of the pelvic organs, mammary glands, abdominal cavity, blood pressure control, examination of the blood coagulation system, lipid profile.
In women with diabetes, at least once a year, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of sugar in the blood. With the beginning of therapy, the purpose of which is the pharmacological replacement of the lost hormonal function of the ovaries, hormonal contraception should be abolished, in the situation of the need to protect the patient, condoms are used.
Can I use during pregnancy?
Hormone replacement therapy for women in an "interesting position" is not carried out. According to the results of extensive epidemiological examinations, a high risk of a pathological process in children whose mothers received these hormonal contraceptives before pregnancy, and teratogenic effects on the fetus, when in the early stages of pregnancy medications were used through negligence, was not detected.
When breastfeeding, sex hormones in small quantities can be excreted in milk. Klimaru is not used in pediatrics. In case of liver lesions, it is contraindicated to use a patch in the presence of a benign or malignant tumor of the liver at present.
Drug interaction
Long-term use of the Klimara transdermal therapeutic system with drugs that induce the induction of microsomal liver strains, such as barbiturates, Primidone, Carbamazepine, as well as Topiramate, Oxcarbamazepine, Felbamate, can increase the clearance of sex hormones .
These medicines may decrease its clinical effectiveness. For two to three weeks at the beginning of treatment, the maximum synthesis of enzymes may not occur, but after discontinuation of therapy, it can remain, at least, for one month. Taking large doses of alcoholic beverages during hormone replacement therapy can increase the level of circulating estradiol.
Generics
The following drugs are analogues of the Klimar patch:
- Divigel.
- Menorest
- Estrofem.
- "Octodiol".
- Estrogel.
- Estrofem.
- "Dermestril."
- "Proginova."
- "Kliogest".
- Pausogest.
- "Angelique".
Estrogel
The composition of the drug includes the female sex hormone estrogen. It eliminates the unpleasant signs that are present with menopause - heart attacks, hot flashes, as well as increased sweating, nervousness. Estrogen suppresses bone loss of calcium during menopause.
According to the responses, the medication has an effect on the body, comparable to oral administration of estrogen. During the use of the drug in the blood, cholesterol level decreases, in the liver, the process of combining vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation factors increases. Estrogel is an analogue of the Klimar patch.
The drug in the form of a gel is intended for application to the skin. The gel base instantly evaporates from the surface, and estradiol is absorbed into the blood. Part of it is stored in the subcutaneous fat layer, which ensures the gradual entry into the bloodstream of a small amount of the hormone. With the help of which the intake of estrogen in the body when using the drug is carried out through the epidermis. This helps to maintain a higher hormone content in the blood compared to what happens when using the tablet form.
Divigel
The drug is considered an anti-climacteric drug. It is used by women in the complex therapy of somatic and hormonal lesions, provoked by the "heyday" of the functional activity of the reproductive system.
The main active component of the gel is considered a synthetic substitute for the endogenous hormone estradiol. The medication has identical biological effects and is used to renew the lack of this female sex hormone with age-related extinction of the activity of the reproductive system.
After a woman enters the body, estradiol binds to the specific nerve endings of the cells of the uterus, as well as the fallopian tubes, ovaries, pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Due to this, its biological reactions are carried out.
Storage
Keep the patch "Klimara" is necessary at temperatures up to plus thirty degrees, and also away from children. Shelf life is thirty-six months. The medicine is dispensed strictly according to the prescription of a medical specialist.
Reviews about the patch "Klimara"
Women who need to use hormone replacement therapy on an ongoing basis, leave only positive reviews. Subject to the need for prolonged therapy, the transdermal therapeutic system cannot be carried out daily. The patch is glued once a week and, when used correctly, is very convenient. As negative sides, reviews about the patch "Klimara" indicate a possible individual intolerance and the high price of the medicine. The cost of Klimara varies from 900 to 1600 rubles.