Translated from Latin, abstractionism means removal, distraction. That was the name of the new art form that arose in the twentieth century. Its essence lies in the rejection of images of real phenomena and objects in graphics, painting and sculpture. Abstraction artists created non-figurative, pointless compositions that reveal a kind of "new" reality. This is especially pronounced in the works of P. Mondrian, K. S. Malevich and V. V. Kandinsky.
Abstractionism
This trend arose on the basis of such little-known trends as futurism, cubism and expressionism. Representatives of a new direction in art strove for "harmonization", the depiction of certain geometric shapes and color combinations that evoke certain associations in the viewer. The date of the emergence of abstract art is considered to be 1910, when in Munich V. Kandinsky presented the treatise "On the spiritual in art." In it, the artist, relying on scientific discoveries, substantiated this creative technique. During the Second World War, the school of abstractionism was born in the United States. Over the years, this direction is becoming increasingly popular. The first American abstract artists M. Toby and J. Pollock boldly experiment with unexpected textured and color combinations. Their works convey the subjective fantasies and impressions of the authors, generating emotional empathy and the movement of thought.
Contemporary abstract artists
Perhaps the most famous representatives of this trend are P. Picasso, P. Mondrian, K. Malevich, M. Larionov, V. Kandinsky, N. Goncharova, Fr. Purchase. The American artist J. Pollock introduced a new technique called dripping, which involves spraying paints on a canvas without using a brush. The works of K. Malevich combine the formlessness of images and the brightness of shades, reminiscent of the play of light. Abstract artists N. Goncharova and N. Larionov create a sub-direction - luchism, a feature of which is light transmission. In 1940, representatives of a new direction in art organized the Salon des realites nouvelles association, which was engaged in the publication of a thematic magazine.
The trends of abstractionism
Art historians distinguish two distinct directions of this style: geometric and lyrical abstractions. The first course is based on clearly and precisely delineated figures; in the second, free-flowing forms prevail. The paintings of modern abstract artists reflect other areas of this new art form. Cubism : the work traces the desire to “fragment” existing objects into geometric shapes. Rayonism is based on light transmission, since a person perceives not the object itself, but the rays coming from it. Neoplasticism : abstraction artists working in this direction prefer large rectangular planes painted in the main shades of the spectrum. Tashism - the so-called spot painting, not recreating images of reality, but expressing the unconscious activity of the creator. Suprematism found expression in the combination of multi-colored planes of the most elementary geometric shapes.