Thyroid disease: symptoms and treatment, causes

The health and normal functioning of the whole organism largely depends on the synthesis of hormones and trace elements, for which the thyroid gland is responsible. Diseases, symptoms, treatment of the thyroid gland - a problem that is very common today.

Thyroid function

The thyroid gland is one of the components of the endocrine system, an organ of internal secretion, which is located on the front wall of the throat and is responsible for the synthesis of hormones. Iron consists of two types of cells, some of which produce iodine and an amino acid - tyrosine, while others produce calcitonin. Iodine and calcium are the two main components necessary for the normal functioning of all processes in the body.

The functions of the gland are presented below.

1. Ensuring the growth and development of tissues and organs, including the central nervous system.
2. Activation of mental processes.
3. Stimulation of oxidative processes.
4. Control of mineral, protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism.
5. Reproductive function (affects the maturation of follicles in the ovaries).

Thyroid hormones should always be at a certain level. If there is an excess or deficiency, it is possible to diagnose thyroid disorders, the symptoms of which are not always perceived correctly by the patient.

Thyroid and hormones

Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) are hormones produced by the thyroid gland, which are involved in the metabolism of all useful substances in the body.

A reduced amount of hormones (hypothyroidism) leads to weakness and fatigue, and an increased amount (hyperthyroidism), on the contrary, leads to excessive excitability. Also, the weight of a person depends on these hormones. The reasons for the sharp weight loss, as well as its sharp set, should be looked for in the malfunction of the gland.

When the thyroid gland becomes inflamed , the symptoms of the disease, treatment may be different. Hormone tests will help you choose a method of therapy. It is not worth ignoring the disease, as this is fraught with the development of malignant tumors.

Thyroid disease

The most important cause of all thyroid ailments is the lack of iodine necessary for the body to synthesize hormones. The most common thyroid diseases are hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter.

Hypothyroidism (a decreased level of hormones) is a violation of the thyroid gland. Symptoms of such disorders may be as follows.

• Depression.
• Low blood pressure and body temperature.
• Muscle spasms.
• Sleep disorders.
• Allergic reactions on the body.
• Failures of the menstrual cycle in women.

Hyperthyroidism is an increased amount of hormones. Symptoms are presented below.

• Dramatic weight loss.
• Heat, excessive sweating.
• Trembling limbs.
• Muscle weakness.
• Irritability, chaotic mood.
• An increased sense of fear.
• Insomnia.
• Bulging eyeballs (main symptom).

Goiter is a pathological condition in which the thyroid gland significantly increases in size.

“Diseases, symptoms, treatment of the thyroid gland” is a topic that everyone should be familiar with in order to avoid health problems. Especially often women are affected by these diseases. At risk are people with a hereditary predisposition to ailments of this kind. And also those who lead an unhealthy lifestyle (abuse alcohol and smoking).

Thyroid goiter: treatment, symptoms, causes

Goiter is a neoplasm that is characterized by thyroid growth. There are several classifications of the disease.

1. In connection with hormones: goiter, appearing against a background of low levels of hormones (hypothyroidism); goiter resulting from an increased amount of hormones (hyperthyroidism); endemic goiter - not associated with hormones, appears against the background of a low level of iodine in the body, the disease is characteristic for latitudes with iodine deficiency.
2. By the intensity of the increase in education: diffuse goiter - gland increases uniformly; nodal - the appearance is not
   
   uniform seals (nodes); mixed.
3. According to the degree of the disease: zero degree - no goiter; first, the gland can be diagnosed with palpation, but visually it is not visible; the second - the enlargement of the gland is visible; the third is a noticeable thickening of the neck; the fourth is a pronounced goiter that changes the contours of the neck; fifth - goiter, which compresses the surrounding organs.

If thyroid diseases (symptoms and treatment should be determined by a doctor) are ignored, this may be the beginning of the transformation of the formation into a malignant tumor. The problem should be taken very seriously. After all, cancer is much more difficult to treat. In addition, the disease has an increased mortality rate.

Symptoms of goiter

All signs of goiter are conventionally divided into biochemical and mechanical. The former include dysfunction of hormone production, and the latter include thyroid pressure on surrounding organs as a result of its increase.

Inflammation can be recognized by signs.

1. All or some symptoms of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism are present.
2. A constant feeling of hunger.
3. Digestive system disorders.
4. Respiratory diseases.
5. Mental retardation (in children).
6. Decreased sexual desire.
7. Failures of the menstrual cycle. And girls have a complete absence of it, which as a result causes delays in puberty.
8. Hoarseness, dry cough.
9. Pain, discomfort in the throat.

When the thyroid gland becomes inflamed, the symptoms of the disease, treatment can only be determined by a qualified specialist. Therefore, do not postpone the visit to the endocrinologist. Timely diagnosis will simplify the treatment regimen and have a beneficial effect on recovery.

Diagnosis and treatment of goiter

If a person has found in himself one or more of the above symptoms of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor. A thorough diagnosis will help to more accurately determine the treatment regimen.

So, in addition to complaints of the patient and his visual examination, the endocrinologist can prescribe:

1. blood test for hormones;
2. ultrasound diagnostics of the thyroid gland;
3. biopsy
4. radiography, computed tomography.

Thanks to such studies, a more detailed picture of the disease can be made.

When the thyroid enlargement is insignificant, the main type of treatment is to correct the diet. These are diets with an increased or decreased iodine content. It is also possible to take hormonal drugs.

With a rapid increase in goiter, medication or surgery is used (removal of one or both lobes of the gland).

When the thyroid gland (goiter) increases , folk remedies for treating the disease are one of the best. They can be used both independently and in addition to other methods.

Alternative methods from goiter

Since ancient times, traditional medicine has been used to treat a variety of diseases, including for inflammation of the thyroid gland.

• An excellent remedy for the treatment of diseases of this organ is honey with walnuts and buckwheat. Preparation: mix one glass of honey with half a glass of raw buckwheat and nuts (the latter must first be crushed into flour). This mixture should be eaten throughout the day. The course of taking the medicine is every three days for two to three months.
• Infusion of young walnuts. Crush the green fruits (20 - 25 pcs.) Together with the shell and pour 1.5 cups of alcohol. Insist a month, stirring occasionally. Take the infusion three times a day for a teaspoon before meals.
• Sea-buckthorn ointment with iodine. Grate the sea buckthorn berries so that the cake remains (you can use a juicer). Cake to insist on olive oil for two weeks, after which it can be rubbed into the seals on the neck. On top of the ointment you need to apply the "iodine mesh."
• For any ailment, it is useful to eat black chokeberry berries, seaweed, vegetable juices, especially potato. They perfectly treat thyroid diseases.

Treatment with folk remedies is an effective and low-budget way. Useful berries, herbs and plants can always be collected independently and be sure that there is no "chemistry" in them. And the preparation of any therapeutic drug will not cause much trouble.

What is a thyroid cyst ?

This is a tumor on the surface of the organ, which is a capsule with liquid. It is formed as a result of impaired circulation of prohormones in the follicle of the gland. The follicle grows in size and creates a cyst.

The main causes of this phenomenon are heredity, throat injuries, work with poisons and other radiation substances.

Cysts can be recognized by some signs.

1. Persistent or recurrent sore throat.
2. Shortness of breath, dry cough.
3. The hoarse voice.
4. Neck changes that are visually noticeable.
5. Fever (sometimes even up to 40).
6. Pain in the neck.
7. Enlarged lymph nodes.

The most dangerous complication of cysts is malignant tumors. The sooner the disease has been diagnosed, the better.

When a thyroid cyst appears, treatment (symptoms may be different) should be done immediately. Especially often women are affected by the disease.

Diagnosis and treatment of cysts

For the diagnosis of thyroid cysts, the same methods are used as for the general diagnosis of an organ.

1. Blood for hormones.
2. Ultrasound, which determines the size and structure of formations.
3. Computed tomography.
4. Biopsy - taking the contents of the capsule with a special needle. The procedure is monitored by ultrasound and performed under general anesthesia. Next, the contents of the cysts are sent for research under a microscope.

A cyst is a type of thyroid disease, the symptoms and treatment of which depend on the stage of neglect.

One of the methods of treating the disease is puncture. Manipulation is like taking blood from a vein. The contents of the formation are sucked off with a needle. Anesthesia is not performed.

Additionally prescribed medications containing hormones, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs. If the contents of the cysts have accumulations of pus, a course of antibiotics is mandatory.

When cysts grow rapidly, their number increases, surgical intervention is indicated. Cysts with a diameter less than a centimeter are subject to observation only.

In the early stages, cysts that are not susceptible to cancer have a favorable prognosis. To do this, it is enough to make timely diagnosis and correction of hormones.

It should be remembered that it is the thyroid gland that is responsible for many physiological processes in the body. Therefore, treatment should not be delayed.

Thyroid and Women's Health

“An inflamed thyroid gland, symptoms, treatment with folk remedies and drug treatment, complications” is a topic that every woman should be familiar with. Since it is they who suffer from the malfunction of the body.

The normal functioning of the gland affects not only activity, mood and well-being, but also the ability to endure and give birth to a healthy baby.

The disturbed balance of the hormones T3 and T4 is the cause of some conditions.

• Heart palpitations, heart disease.
• Sleep disturbance.
• Dramatic reduction and weight gain.
• Irregular menstrual cycle.
• Lack of menstruation.
• Premature onset of menopause.
• Infertility, which may be temporary or permanent.
• Mastopathy.
• Belated puberty.

Thyroid disease symptoms and treatment are very different. Often the disease is cured with the help of proper and balanced nutrition. But also often the only way out is surgery.

Gland Disease Prevention

The best prevention of any disease, including the thyroid gland, is a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition. Favorable effect:

• positive emotions, lack of stress;
• control of iodine in the body with foods and vitamins;
• lack of carcinogens;
• the use of personal protective equipment when working with harmful substances;
• green tea should be your favorite drink, as it removes all toxins from the body;
• eating fresh berries, fruits and vegetables. In particular honor vegetable juices and fruit drinks.

Thyroid cancer

Goiter, which is left unattended for a sufficiently long time, very often becomes the cause of malignant tumors.

One of the main signs of a thyroid tumor is a hoarse voice and a dry cough. Signs of cancer for a long time may not appear at all. And, worst of all, they arise already at the stage of metastasis. In addition, this tumor is one of the few in which metastases appear early. They can spread to the lungs, bones, head, and other organs.

A favorable outcome is possible with early diagnosis. People who have problems with this organ should be periodically observed by an endocrinologist.

Treatment of thyroid cancer occurs in all known ways: surgical, chemotherapy, radiation therapy. In this case, hormone therapy is also effective.

Thyroid diseases, symptoms and treatment can have different, the main thing is that there is a favorable outcome.

Conclusion

The thyroid gland is an organ, albeit small, but "remote", as they say. The functioning of all physiological processes in the body depends on its functioning. The main cause of thyroid malfunction is a lack or excess of iodine.

“Thyroid diseases, symptoms, signs and treatment” is not just a common topic, but also the most common deviation in the human body today. The worst thing is that sometimes an innocuous enlargement of this organ can become a one-way ticket with cancer, since the tumor of the gland metastases precisely in the early stages. Therefore, it is extremely important thyroid gland disorders, do not miss the symptoms of the disease.