Depending on the type of paraproctitis in an adult, he may need surgical intervention, which can be emergency or planned. However, regardless of this, in the course of therapy, as a rule, an abscess is opened and the inflamed anal crypt is removed. And with it, pus is removed.
After the operation of paraproctitis, a person must undergo a certain rehabilitation course and follow the doctor’s recommendations in order to recover as quickly as possible. Postoperative measures are very important. Failure to comply with the recommendations of a specialist can lead to various complications.
What kind of disease is this?
This disease is a pathology of the anus, in which an abscess develops. This ailment is considered quite common, in its "popularity" it is second only to hemorrhoids, colitis or anal fissures.
ICD-10 paraproctitis code: K61 (abscess of the anus and rectum).
According to medical statistics, representatives of the stronger sex are more likely to suffer from this pathology. If we talk about the causes of the development of the disease, then, as a rule, paraproctitis appears against the background of infection, which falls on the mucous membrane of the rectum. Also, similar cracks can provoke anal fissures and hematogenous or lymphatic lesions. Problems also arise if inflammatory processes occur in neighboring organs.
According to the ICD-10 code, paraproctitis is divided into: subcutaneous, sciatic-rectal, submucous, or pelvic-rectal. Each of the varieties of pathology has its own characteristics.
Why is surgery necessary?
The operation is necessary in order to identify a pararectal abscess, open it and remove the formed purulent masses. In the process of surgical intervention, an infected cavity is excised (there may be several), located in the anus or purulent tubules.
If we talk about the varieties of the procedure, then the abscess is removed by several methods. However, regardless of the choice of the doctor, in any case, an abscess will be opened to remove the accumulated purulent masses. After this, additional measures can be taken that prevent the spread of infection in the gut.
It is very important that after the operation of paraproctitis, the patient follows all the doctor’s instructions. The specialist explains to the patient that he must follow a diet and adhere to small physical exertion. This is necessary in order to eliminate edema or congestion. However, it must be borne in mind that even with all the recommendations, it is impossible to guarantee that the patient will fully recover and restore all his functions.
This is only possible if the operation was carried out in a timely manner. If doctors began to treat the disease too late or the patient delayed contacting specialists, then it is likely that even after excision of the rectal fistula, the patient will suffer from a chronic form of pathology. He will also have to adhere to certain rules throughout his life. It will be equally important to monitor your diet.
After surgery
After the operation of paraproctitis, patients go through several stages. First of all, they need to observe a special diet and take care of the wound. The use of traditional medicine is allowed. At the same time, it is not recommended to independently treat wounds. You must visit a doctor or call a proctologist at home.
In the early days, you will need to carefully monitor your diet. It is forbidden to eat certain categories of foods, as well as foods that contain a lot of carbohydrates. You will have to adhere to a diet until complete recovery. It is also very important to drink plenty of water.
How is the recovery period?
You need to understand that the treatment of paraproctitis is not limited to opening the fistula. After it begins the period of rehabilitation measures, which is very important for each patient to perform.
As soon as the effect of anesthesia passes, a person begins to experience severe pain in the area where purulent masses were removed. To reduce pain, it is necessary to take antispasmodics or other drugs that the doctor will prescribe.
In some situations, after surgery, patients experience fever and a general deterioration in well-being. In this case, you must definitely see a specialist who should inspect the seam. It is possible that pus appeared in it, other discharge and inflammation began. In order to get rid of unwanted manifestations, it is necessary to use disinfectants, as well as antibacterial drugs that are administered intramuscularly.
If complications are observed after excision of the rectal fistula, then an additional course of antibiotic treatment will have to be taken. However, such drugs do not act immediately. In addition, they have a negative effect on the microflora of the stomach.
Routine
After the operation of paraproctitis, the patient must undergo a series of measures. First of all, dressings are performed. This is a daily procedure that includes the treatment of sutures with antiseptic agents. Dressings are necessary so that the doctor can assess the degree of healing of the affected area and make sure that the wound is healed without any inflammation or pus. If after surgery the patient cannot visit the doctor on his own, it is recommended to call a proctologist at home.
You will also need to use antibacterial ointments. Typically, sutures are treated with Chlorhexidine. In this case, Levomekol is considered the best ointment. This drug helps to stretch the formed pus and has excellent disinfecting properties. If the doctor notes that the wound after the operation of paraproctitis looks satisfactory and there are no accumulations of pus, then such treatment is performed only as a preventive measure to prevent possible suppuration.
Additionally, regenerative agents are used. They are necessary in order to accelerate the healing process. As a rule, special ointments are used for these purposes. Thanks to them, patients quickly get rid of discomfort, crusts do not appear on the wounds. In addition, thanks to the use of such ointments, it will be possible to avoid coarse and ugly scars after the operated area has completely healed.
Features of the recovery period
A doctor should be visited daily. The specialist should carefully examine the wound. If you miss at least one visit, there is a risk of losing sight of the first signs of inflammation or other unpleasant consequences. Also, during the medical examination, you can tell the specialist about all the unpleasant symptoms. Sometimes, if the patient experiences severe pain, the doctor may prescribe a course of pain medication.
On day 2 or 3, magnetotherapy is performed, as well as ultraviolet radiation. Such physiotherapy is possible only if the doctor confirms that the patient is really recovering. Such procedures will help speed up the healing process.
Hygiene after surgery
If we talk about reviews after surgery of the rectal fistula, then many patients note a number of problems that they had to face. For example, after some time, hair begins to grow in the anal area. They can complicate the process of treating wounds, so experts recommend periodically shaving them or cutting them off with scissors. If the patient actively used depilation creams before surgery, then they will have to refuse them for the recovery period. The fact is that in such compositions there are chemical components that have an irritating effect on the mucous membranes and tissues.
It is worth considering that after each process of defecation, the patient will have to very carefully clean the anus and the area around it. For this, not only ordinary toilet paper is used, but also disinfectants. The best option is to take sitz baths after the bowel movement. You can add disinfecting infusions of herbs or special preparations to them.
Features of wound healing
If the patient discovers minor discharge during the trip to the toilet, then this is considered the norm. This is because the rectum was significantly damaged, so it is not surprising that there will be slight bruising in the first days after the procedure. However, with severe bleeding, you should immediately consult a specialist to exclude possible complications.
Power Features
Diet is one of the basic rules for a successful recovery after an operation. In the process of rehabilitation, the patient's diet should be carefully reviewed. First of all, you need to abandon spicy and salty dishes. In no case should you consume acidic products, as well as fresh fruits. At first, it is recommended to give preference to baked apples, but they can not be used uncontrolled either.
In the postoperative period, in no case should you drink alcoholic drinks and sweet soda. You also need to eliminate junk food, so you should forget about convenience foods, chips, crackers, etc.
It is necessary to establish the process of digestion. To do this, the patient should consume as much liquid as possible, cereals and dishes, which contain a lot of dietary fiber. If you drink plenty of clean water, this will help soften the stool, which will greatly simplify the process of going to the toilet.
Possible complications
If you familiarize yourself with the information that patients who have undergone such procedures provide about the postoperative period, then, as a rule, everyone says that it is very important to adhere to proper nutrition and observe hygiene.
If a few days after the operation the patient feels some compaction and discharge appears from the wound, then this may be a normal healing process. However, it is necessary to check with the specialist the type of leaking fluid. If we are talking about the accumulation of pus, then the wound must be cleaned immediately.
Sometimes after surgery to remove the fistula, some patients do not notice any changes in their condition. In such a situation, a second surgical procedure may be required. However, such events are carried out no earlier than a year after the first surgical intervention.
Some patients suffer from too much pain. In this case, they are prescribed conservative treatment or antibiotic therapy. However, even successful wound healing does not mean that the patient will never have to repeat the procedure for excision of the fistula again.
Conclusion
It is important to remember that recovery directly depends on the actions of the patient. If he does not follow hygiene, visit a doctor and begins to consume junk food and alcohol, then this will negatively affect his health. After any operation, the immune system weakens, so you need to be extremely careful.