Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric pathology in which regressive processes of cognitive activity are extremely rare. This means that the patientās intellect almost never suffers and remains intact after the attack. The main problem of patients is that the frequency of seizures can increase, and the condition of a sick person at such moments can worsen. In order to help the patient immediately at the time of exacerbation, psychiatry offers a list of pills for schizophrenia. Depending on the type of disease, the necessary drugs will provide timely assistance. In some cases, they will even help save the life of the patient himself or his relatives (if the psychotic state at the time of the attack makes the person uncontrollable and dangerous for himself and others).
Features of the diagnosis and course of schizophrenia
In most cases, psychiatric diagnoses are inherited: if in previous generations someone suffered from them, then it is likely that the descendants will soon show more or less pronounced symptoms. Sometimes schizophrenia can be acquired in nature. Mental abnormalities can develop as a result of an experienced traumatic situation, violent actions against a patient, due to chronic alcoholism and related episodes of delirium tremens. Taking psychedelic drugs can also lead to the development of mental disorders.
Most patients ignore the manifestations of schizophrenic disorder and seek help already in the late stages, when they have to register a disability due to disability. If you treat schizophrenia with pills in the early stages, then disability can be avoided. To do this, you need to contact a psychiatrist as soon as possible for a competent diagnosis. Pills for schizophrenia, if properly selected, will help delay or even avoid serious complications of the disease. Of course, you have to change your lifestyle: this is also a necessary part of therapy.
It is completely impossible to cure schizophrenia with pills. Once you receive this diagnosis, you have to live with him for the rest of your life. However, thanks to medications, the patient can afford to lead a full life and even serve in senior positions. The exception is the continuously current form in which a person is completely immersed in his illusory world and is not able to get out of it even with the help of schizophrenia pills. In this case, he needs constant care, he is incapable.
Diagnostic criteria for DSM-V (after establishing the diagnosis, tablets for schizophrenia and psychotropic drugs will still have to be taken anyway, otherwise the disease will progress):
- social maladaptation;
- antisocial behavior, isolation and soreness when trying to invade the inner world;
- falling out of reality - delirium, hallucinations;
- delirium and psychotic conditions;
- catatonic stupor, stereotypes;
- violation of clarity of thinking (they are relatively rare and most often in this case schizophrenia is accompanied by other diagnoses);
- bouts of delirium, during which a person becomes dangerous for himself and for others.
Symptoms and signs of schizophrenia: what to look for?
Symptoms will vary depending on the form of the disease. The treatment for schizophrenia with pills will also vary greatly depending on the stage and type of disease.
- With paranoid schizophrenia, the patient suffers from delusions of persecution, auditory and visual hallucinations (in the late stages of the disease). Emotional and mental disorders are not characteristic of this form of the disease, if they are present, then we can talk about concomitant diagnoses.
- The hebephrenic form of the disease is characterized by the presence of affective disorders. The absurd and unpredictable behavior of a sick person often becomes a real test for his colleagues and relatives. With this diagnosis, schizophrenia pills give visible and obvious relief for both the patient and his family.
- Catatonic schizophrenia is characterized by the presence of visible physical behavioral abnormalities. This can be the same type of wave of your hands, mowing your eyes to the side or to the nose, shaking your leg. The difference between such catatonic seizures is that without tablets from schizophrenia, the patient is often simply not able to interrupt obsessive movements.
- The residual form of schizophrenia is characteristic in between attacks. It manifests itself as lethargy, depression, unwillingness to do anything or change your life. The patient is inert and dysphoric: antidepressant pills for schizophrenia can come to the rescue. The list of drugs is presented below. All of them are strictly prescription and you can take them with the permission of a doctor. With self-admission, it is easy to provoke a new attack, due to which you will have to survive a new extraordinary hospitalization in the conditions of the PND hospital.
- The so-called simple schizophrenia does not have any unusual symptoms: the disease develops as described in the textbook on psychiatry. The patient suffers from auditory and visual hallucinations, which, if you do not drink pills during schizophrenia, worsen over time.
Features of the drug treatment of schizophrenia
Depending on the stage and form of the disease, one or another class of medications should be taken in order to reduce the severity of symptoms and make it possible for the patient to live the way he lived before being diagnosed.
In our country, alas, there are still many stereotypes regarding antipsychotic drugs. Even relatively harmless antidepressants with a minimum of side effects people tend to classify as a "dangerous and scary" medication. Of course, any drugs really have side effects. But if we are talking about a disease such as schizophrenia, then in no case should one refuse to take specialized drugs. Over time, seizures will become more frequent, become longer.
If the patient is prone to alcoholism or drug addiction, then schizophrenia progresses very quickly. Innocent auditory hallucinations during a hangover can be repeated even when sober. Over time, the patient begins to fall out of reality, and the appearance of hallucinations no longer seems funny and funny to him. He understands that he needs to run to the doctor, but it is often too late for this. schizophrenia belongs to the list of incurable psychiatric diseases, and starting treatment as early as possible can save the patient more than just years, and sometimes whole decades of a calm and relatively healthy life.
It should be noted that tablets from schizophrenia without a prescription from a psychiatrist cannot be purchased at a pharmacy. Almost all of them are serious drugs, and if a healthy person takes them, they can adjust their behavior for the worse. That is why before starting treatment it is very important to conduct a competent diagnosis by an experienced psychiatrist, and sometimes several doctors need to be consulted at once, additional studies - brain MRI, EEG during sleep and wakefulness.
List of used schizophrenia pills with names
Almost always, in the course of standard drug therapy, the following classes of drugs are used either as an independent tool or as part of complex therapy:
- antipsychotics (antipsychotics) with a pronounced sedative effect - Levomepramazine (Tizercin), Chlorpromazine (Aminazine), Promazin (Propazin), Chlorprotixen (Truxal);
- incisive antipsychotics - "Haloperidol", "Senorm", "Hypothiazine", "Clopixol", "Majeptil", "Trifluoperazin";
- disorganizing antipsychotic drugs - "Sulpiride", "Prosulpine", "Carbidine";
- atypical antipsychotic drugs - Clozapine, Ziprex, Risperidone, Leptinorm, Ketilept, Lakvel, Servitel, Victoel;
- atypical antipsychotics of the new generation - Ipoperidal, Abilifay, Ziprasidone.
Sedative, incisive and disorganizing antipsychotics have a rather impressive list of side effects for both internal organs and the nervous system, psyche and general well-being of a person. Therefore, they are used only in extreme cases: if you urgently need to stop an attack or the patientās condition is perceived by him as intolerable.
What tablets to drink from schizophrenia can only be decided by the attending physician after observing the patient in a hospital and taking into account the personality characteristics of each individual patient. It is strictly forbidden to prescribe drugs on your own: this can provoke a deterioration in the condition and a rapid progression of the disease.
Sedative antipsychotics for schizophrenic disorder
These drugs have a powerful sedative effect. They can be used in almost all varieties of schizophrenia as part of a combination therapy, as well as an independent remedy.
What are the most commonly prescribed tablets for schizophrenia with sedative effect? This is Levomepramazin, Promazin or its substitute Propazin, Chlorprotixen. The latter drug is also prescribed for children and adolescents with mental behavioral abnormalities.
Sedative antipsychotics make a person somewhat lethargic and lazy with regular use. In some cases, patients in their reviews note such a side effect as a strong increase in appetite - they eat again and again, without feeling full. For this reason, with a long course of treatment with sedative antipsychotics, patients begin to suffer from obesity, the degree of which depends on the personās tendency to gain weight and his metabolic rate.
Incisive antipsychotics in the fight against schizophrenic disorders
This class of drugs differs from the previous one in that it has an activating effect on the central nervous system. This action is characterized by the fact that when the drug is injected or when taken orally, the patient becomes not only very calm, he also does not lose the ability to think competently and logically. Old-generation drugs have a fairly high toxicity.
Today, incisive antipsychotics for schizophrenia are used relatively rarely. Usually they are used only in acute form and in the presence of pronounced both positive and negative symptoms. The most popular drugs of this class are Haloperidol, Hypothiazine, Clopixol, Trifluoperazin. They are sold strictly according to the prescription, certified by the seal of the psychiatrist and his signature. There are relatively few reviews of incisive antipsychotics. On thematic forums, people speak of these drugs as potent.
Treatment of schizophrenia with disorganizing antipsychotics
This class of antipsychotics is distinguished by its ability to have a relaxing effect on muscles. Due to this, disorganizing antipsychotic drugs can be effective in catatonic schizophrenia and stereotypes, which turn into an obsessive form.
Often used as a supportive treatment between seizures in the event that the patient is prone to physical manifestations of the disease. These drugs have a rather impressive list of side effects that adversely affect the function of the kidneys and liver (especially if the recommended dosage is exceeded for a long time) up to the development of chronic diseases - renal failure and toxic hepatitis. Therefore, it is very important to coordinate the dosage with the attending physician, taking into account the personal characteristics of the patientās health.
Atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenic disorder
This class of drugs got its name because of the erroneous opinion that the antipsychotic effect of typical antipsychotics is due to their effect on the extrapyramidal system. The first synthesized substances with a different principle of action had a weak effect on the motility of the patient. That's why they got the name "atypical."
This class of drugs has an impressive list of side effects; when taken regularly in high doses, it can provoke pathologies and impaired functioning of internal organs. Also, with regular admission, a rather persistent dependence is developed in patients: with withdrawal, symptoms can return with a vengeance.
However, if you take drugs in moderate dosage in a clear manner, dependencies and side effects can be avoided. In modern psychiatry, atypical antipsychotics are used quite often, especially if you need to stop an attack in a patient.
Antidepressants for schizophrenia: benefit or harm?
The appropriateness of using antidepressants in schizophrenia still causes controversy in the world of psychiatry. They are not included in the list of schizophrenia pills, but very often psychiatrists prescribe them between attacks in order to improve the patientās psychological state and relieve him of mood problems, sleep, dysphoria and apathy. Patient reviews indicate that with regular admission of these goals it is possible to achieve: the mood is leveled, insomnia and apathy go away.
The most commonly used drugs are: Fluoxetine, Zoloft, Prozac, Sertraline. Most antidepressants are categorically incompatible with antipsychotics and alcohol. therefore, you cannot āprescribeā them yourself. If antidepressants of the SSRI class are accidentally or intentionally mixed with other psychotropics, then a direct threat to human life and health can occur. That is why antidepressants can be taken only under the supervision and with the consent of the attending psychiatrist.
Is it advisable to take tranquilizers for schizophrenia
Patients are often asked to advise tablets for schizophrenia for sleep for the period before taking antipsychotics. In this case, almost all psychiatrists prescribe tranquilizers. These are fairly weak sedatives (compared to antipsychotics). However, their action is quite enough to treat insomnia and anxiety.
The most commonly used are Atarax, Adaptol, Phenibut, Phenozepam. These are prescription drugs. Patient reviews indicate that frequent side effects from taking - drowsiness, slowing down the reaction rate, yawning, nausea. Some patients respond with increased anxiety, irritability to a new drug. However, most often after a week of regular admission, such negative symptoms disappear, the person becomes calm and sleep problems go away.
Among over-the-counter products, one can distinguish Fitosedan tea, as well as valerian in the form of tablets, which are mild agents that have a meager tranquilizing effect and are approved for use during remission to relieve nervous tension and get rid of sleep problems.