How much does it cost and what is a veterinary medicine like Streptomycin indicated for? Instructions for use, price and purpose of this drug will be discussed below.
Form, description of a veterinary product
The drug "Streptomycin sulfate" (veterinary) is a salt of an organic base, which is produced by a radiant microscopic fungus.
On sale, this product comes in the form of a hygroscopic powder or a porous mass of white color, a bitter taste, without any smell and easily soluble in water, novocaine and physiological saline.
"Streptomycin" for veterinary medicine is as often used as necessary. It should also be noted that it is stable in a slightly acidic environment, but it is well destroyed in solutions of alkalis (when heated) and strong acids.
Pharmacology of the drug
How does Streptomycin for animals work? The instruction for use reports that this agent has bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties against many gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria.
The antimicrobial effectiveness of this medication is due to its ability to inhibit protein synthesis in microbial cells at the level of ribosomes. It should also be noted that this drug has no effect on infections caused by Clostridia and other anaerobic microorganisms, fungi, plasmodia, viruses and rickettsia. In addition, some microorganisms exhibit high resistance to streptomycin, and in breeding bacteria antibiotic resistance occurs within a few days. However, most resistant strains develop by the end of the second month of therapy. To prevent this phenomenon and eliminate the infection, you should use large doses of the drug, as well as combine it with other antimicrobial agents.
Pharmacokinetic features of the drug
Is Streptomycin for animals absorbed? The instruction for use states that when it is administered orally, it is not absorbed and is completely excreted through the intestines.
With intramuscular injections, the active substance of this medication is immediately absorbed into the bloodstream, and is also found in the pleural and peritoneal cavities, bile, vitreous body, urine and eyes.
In acute inflammatory processes in the pleural cavity, the concentration of an antibiotic can reach about 50% of the total blood level.
With the development of meningitis, streptomycin is able to penetrate the spinal canal in an amount of 10-50%.
The agent in question easily passes through the placenta. During normal liver function, streptomycin in high concentrations accumulates in the liver tubules. With impaired function of this organ, it enters the bile in small quantities, and with cholecystitis, its content in the gall bladder is approximately 85% of the level in the blood.
The therapeutic concentration of streptomycin in various tissues and organs is held for 8-13 hours. This substance is quickly excreted from the body with urine.
Indications for the appointment of the drug
What diseases does the drug in question treat? What does the instruction for the use of the drug say about this? "Streptomycin sulfate" is prescribed:
- with leptospirosis, tularemia, pneumonia;
- edematous disease of pigs and erysipelas, catarrhal fever (malignant);
- diplococcal infections, mastitis, endometritis;
- endocarditis, meningitis, postpartum and wound sepsis;
- actinomycosis of cattle and campylobacteriosis, as well as other diseases whose pathogens are highly sensitive to streptomycin.
Prohibitions to use
When should you not prescribe Streptomycin for animals? The instructions for use attached to the medication indicate the following contraindications:
- high sensitivity of the animal to aminoglycoside antibiotics;
- the presence of cardiovascular and renal failure.
It should also be noted that this drug cannot be combined with other aminoglycoside agents (including Neomycin, Kanamycin, Monomycin, Gentamicin) due to a possible increase in the nephrotoxic effect.
Instructions for the drug "Streptomycin sulfate" (for use in animals)
Before using the drug in question, it is dissolved in physiological saline, sterile water, or a 0.25-0.5% solution of novocaine. In this case, adhere to the following ratio: 0.25 g of streptomycin and 1 ml of solvent. By the way, glucose solution as the last is prohibited.
More concentrated remedies may be too painful. The finished solution can be stored at room temperature for a week (it is better to keep it in the refrigerator).
How should I use Streptomycin for animals? Instructions for use states that the finished solution can be administered intramuscularly, as well as topically, externally, orally, intradermally, intraperitoneally, intratracheally, intrauterine and intracavitary.
Intramuscular injections of animals are made deep into the muscle. Such therapy is carried out for 4-7 days. The medication is administered twice a day with an interval of 12 hours in the following dosages:
- small cattle - 10 mg / kg for adult animals and 20 mg / kg for young animals;
- horses - 5 mg / kg for adult animals and 10 mg / kg for young animals;
- cattle - 5 mg / kg for adult animals and 10 mg / kg for young animals;
- dogs, pigs - 10 mg / kg for adult animals and 20 mg / kg for young animals;
- chickens - 30 mg / kg for adult animals and 40 mg / kg for young animals.
With leptospirosis, Streptomycin is administered for 4-10 days at a dosage of 25 mg / kg. In more severe cases, this amount is increased.
It should also be noted that, if necessary, this medication is combined with "Polymyxin", "Penicillin" and sulfa drugs. This combination of drugs causes a synergistic effect, and also prevents the emergence of resistant pathogens to streptomycin.
Side effects
Now you know why Streptomycin Sulfate is needed. Instructions for use for animals have also been described above.
Intramuscular injections in cattle can manifest a rapidly developing allergy, which is a threat to the health and life of the animal. The occurrence of such complications is associated with the characteristics of his body and does not depend on the dosage of the antibiotic used.
Also, various complications can develop after the first injection of a drug substance, which is most often caused by the sensitization of the animal during repeated courses of therapy.
In the treatment of this drug in livestock, toxic reactions, diarrhea, tachycardia, dermatitis, deafness and impaired coordination of movement can be observed.
Cost and reviews
The cost of the funds in question (1 g bottle) is about 18 rubles.
Some experts do not recommend mixing Streptomycin Sulfate and Penicillin in the same syringe. However, other veterinarians have been quite successful in using this combination in the treatment of livestock.
People who have been in contact with a veterinarian for a long time claim that such contact often caused them to develop dermatitis.
According to experts, the slaughter of animals that were introduced "Streptomycin" is allowed to be carried out only one week after the last use of the drug. The meat of animals slaughtered before the due date should be used for the production of flour.
As for milk, it can be used for food purposes only after two days after the last injection of the drug.