Why do skin patches occur? The reasons for the development of this pathological condition will be discussed below. You will also learn how to properly treat such manifestations.
basic information
Most often, plaques on the skin appear in the elderly. But sometimes such protrusions are observed in young people. Usually they are small tissue seals that rise slightly above the skin (no more than 5 mm in size).
Depending on the causes of development, the appearance of such formations can vary markedly. They can have clearly defined as well as vague borders.
Causes
Why do plaques form? The skin (the treatment of these protrusions will be presented below) is inherent in the formation of all kinds of sores. At the same time, experts argue that there are quite a few factors that can affect their formation.
From the point of view of traditional medicine, the main cause of plaque is age-related changes in the body. However, much depends on the human factor, including the attitude to one’s health and skin as a whole.
Main types
Skin patches, photos of which you can see in this article, can be different. Their main types include the following:
- seborrheic keratosis;
- senile keratoma;
- xanthelasma;
- papillomas;
- white vitiligo.
What these skin diseases are and how to properly treat them, we will tell you right now.
Seborrheic warts
Most often, seborrheic keratosis occurs in the elderly. A harbinger of this disease is a yellow spot on the skin, on which the formation is subsequently formed.
As a rule, such a growth appears on the open parts of the body, including on the hands, neck and face. The main reason for the development of seborrheic keratosis is the abuse of sunbathing.
According to experts, such plaques on the skin belong to benign formations. In this case, do not worry that they will contribute to the development of skin cancer. Such protrusions are quite harmless.
Treatment of seborrheic warts is carried out in different ways. Plaques are excised surgically, by chemical and other methods. By the way, the removal of these formations is carried out only for an aesthetic purpose. By themselves, they do not pose any danger to human life and health.
Senile keratoma
Just as in the previous case, such formations are characteristic of the body of elderly people who have long crossed the threshold of respectable age. Similar plaques on the skin are benign. It should be noted that they are largely similar to seborrheic warts. From the latter, senile keratoma differs only in that it poses a threat to the health of the patient.
Doctors say that keratoma is an excellent base for the development of precancerous skin conditions. So how to get rid of this ailment? Treatment of senile keratoma consists in its surgical removal and in the further prevention of the appearance of new formations. If any, then they should also be removed by the method proposed by the specialist.
Xanthoma Century
Why do some people develop xanthelasma? Unfortunately, modern medicine has not found an answer to this question. It should be emphasized that ignorance of the causes of the development of eyelid xanthomas significantly complicates the implementation of preventive measures. However, specialists have gone far enough in developing a treatment regimen for this formation. You can get rid of it in various ways, from surgical excision to exposure to laser beams or critical temperatures.
Speaking of xanthelasma, one can not help saying that such formations most often appear in women. They occur on the skin of the eyelids and quite strongly affect the self-esteem of women. That is why the removal of xanthomas is the main task for patients.
Papillomas
What are brown plaques? The skin of many people is characterized by the development of so-called papillomas. Absolutely any person, at any age, can face these formations. Especially often they appear after a long tan in the solarium or in the sun without the use of special creams that protect the epidermis.
Depending on the external characteristics, specialists distinguish four types of papillomas:
- flat;
- on a pronounced "leg";
- on a small "leg";
- papillomas are plaque.
A favorite place for such formations is the open parts of the body that are exposed to sunlight most often (for example, arms, neck, face, back, shoulders).
Papilloma can be removed surgically, as well as with a laser and other methods. However, doctors do not recommend this. If such a plaque does not cause discomfort, then it is better not to touch it. This is due to the fact that if the excision is unsuccessful, it can transform into a malignant tumor.
White Vitiligo
White plaques on human skin are called vitiligo. They can cover almost the entire body. It should be noted that this formation is the only kind of plaque that occurs symmetrically. If vitiligo formed on one side of the body, then very soon it will occur on the other half of the body.
The main reason for the development of plaques of this kind is a malfunction in the production of melanin, that is, the substance that is responsible for the color of skin cells. Secondary causes of this disease can be autoimmune diseases.
Vitiligo can be treated, but with great difficulty. As a rule, for the treatment of this disease, drugs are used that increase the sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet rays, followed by irradiation with them.
The cure of this disease is fully impossible without the elimination of concomitant pathological conditions.
Prevention
To prevent plaques from appearing on the skin, patients should eat properly and limit their exposure to the sun. It is also necessary to take multivitamin complexes, including vitamins of groups B, E, A and C, unsaturated fats omega-3 and omega-6. By the way, the latter are found in sufficient quantities in fish, linseed oil and nuts.