Many infectious diseases require the use of antibacterial agents. These are special medicines that enter the fight against pathogens. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are considered the most popular . One such drug is Klaforan. Analogs, instructions for using the medication - all information is presented in the article.
Release form
The drug belongs to the group of third generation cephalosporins. Available in powder form for intramuscular or intravenous injection. The main substance in the composition of the powder is cefatoxime in a dose of 1 g. The medicine is packaged in transparent glass bottles.
The drug is considered a semi-synthetic antibiotic of the third generation cephalosporin group. Intended for
parenteral administration. It has a wide bactericidal effect. It has increased resistance to many lactamases. The substance is active in many bacteria, staphylococci, streptococci, anaerobic infections. Like any analogue, "Klaforan" has an identical effect on the inflammatory process in the body. In the pharmacy you can find many substitutes for this medicine. But you can use them only after consulting a doctor.
Indications and contraindications
The drug, as well as its substitutes, is used to treat infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug. This may include:
- urinary tract infections;
- respiratory diseases;
- endocarditis;
- bacteremia;
- intra-abdominal infections;
- infections of the central nervous system;
- diseases of the skin and joints;
- inflammation of bones and tissues.
Also, the medicine is prescribed after surgery on the stomach and kidneys in order to prevent anaerobic infections. In such diseases, the antibiotic Klaforan is used. The analogue, the medicine "Ceftriaxone", has the same indications for use. However, you cannot use the drug on your own, without the recommendation of a doctor. It is worth remembering that an antibacterial agent can cause considerable harm to the body.
The drug is diluted with lidocaine. Using this solvent, the following contraindications for intramuscular administration should be considered:
- intracardiac block
- intravenous administration;
- severe heart failure;
- hypersensitivity to lidocaine;
- age up to 3 years.
In addition, it is worth remembering that patients who are prone to an allergic reaction may develop sensitivity to the main component. Before starting the treatment process, it is necessary to thoroughly study all the contraindications that the medicine "Klaforan" has. Analogues of the drug will have almost the same recommendations.
Dosage
The drug is administered intramuscularly or intravenously. The drug is administered for various diseases according to its individual scheme. Basically, a substance is prescribed twice a day for 1 or 2 g. The daily norm cannot exceed 8 g. For example, with uncomplicated gonorrhea, 1 g of the drug is administered once. In severe infections, the drug is administered intravenously at 2 mg twice a day with an interval of 12 hours. For babies, the dosage is calculated at 100 mg per 1 kg of body weight. Daily allowance should not exceed 2 g.
To prepare a solution for intramuscular injection, you need to introduce 4 ml of lidocaine or water for injection into a bottle with a dry antibiotic. Children need to dilute 10 ml of solvent. Shake the bottle well. The medicine is administered slowly.
When administered intravenously, lidocaine is not used as a solvent. A saline solution in a dosage of 40 or 100 ml is suitable. In order to avoid the development of adverse reactions, it is necessary to enter the medicine slowly, for 5 minutes. This use algorithm is typical for Ceftriaxone and Klaforan preparations. Analogs often have a similar composition and the same methods of application.
When administering large doses of beta-lactam antibiotics, reversible encephalopathy may develop. There is no specific antidote to eliminate it. Therefore, in such a situation, somatic treatment is prescribed.
It is not recommended to introduce the drug "Klaforan" or its analogues together with other antibacterial agents in the same syringe.
Pregnancy and lactation
It is not recommended to prescribe medication during pregnancy. The drug is not fully understood. There is a chance of penetration through the placental barrier. The substance also passes into breast milk. Therefore, if a woman needs to undergo antibiotic treatment, then it is better to abandon lactation. In animal studies, no teratogenic effects were detected. Any cheap analogue of “Claforan” also cannot be prescribed during pregnancy and lactation. Women who plan to conceive should consult a specialist before starting therapy.
Side effects
Neglect of the doctor’s recommendations when using an antibacterial agent can lead to the following side effects:
- allergic reactions, up to the occurrence of anaphylactic shock;
- nausea;
- vomiting
- increased liver function in the blood;
- encephalopathy;
- dizziness;
- migraine;
- weakness;
- fever;
- inflammation at the injection site;
- arrhythmias.
It is advisable to use medicines from the group of antibacterial agents in a medical institution. Here, staff will be able to help in the event of any unpleasant symptoms.
The drug must be stored at a temperature of no more than 25 degrees in a dark and inaccessible place for babies. The prepared solution can be stored for about a day at a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees. During storage, the medication may become yellow. Any analogue of Claforan in ampoules will have identical storage conditions and indications for use. In the pharmacy, the drug is dispensed with a prescription.
Before prescribing a medicine, it is necessary to study the patient’s allergic history . If the patient had a reaction to penicillin, then with caution it is necessary to use the medicine "Claforan". If an allergy occurs, the drug must be canceled and antiallergic drugs prescribed. In the early days of treatment, the patient may experience symptoms of colitis and prolonged diarrhea. In this case, the patient is prescribed an examination and somatic treatment. When using the drug and diuretics together, you need to monitor kidney function. It is also recommended to periodically monitor peripheral blood counts.
If it was not possible to find a medicine in the pharmacy, a specialist will help you choose the Russian analogue of Klaforan.
What substitutes can I use?
The third generation cephalosporins, which may well replace the drugs described above, include the following drugs:
- Kefoteks.
- Oritax.
- "Clafobrin."
- Cefotaxime.
All these drugs are based on the active component of cefotaxime and can be used for infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-sensitive bacteria. Medications have similar recommendations. However, you can not use any substitute without first consulting a doctor.
Kefoteks
The medication is available in the form of a powder, with the use of which a solution is further prepared. Used for intravenous or intramuscular administration. The main advantage is the possibility of use during pregnancy and lactation. It is advisable to refrain from therapy only in the first trimester of bearing the fetus. The price of medicine in pharmacies is about 250 rubles per pack.
Oritax
The active ingredient is cefotaxime. The medicine is also made in the form of a powder. The medication can be used for any diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the active component. The cost of the drug ranges from 150-200 rubles per pack.
"Clafobrin"
The medicine in the form of a powder is used for infectious diseases caused by bacteria that are sensitive to cefotaxime. The drug can be administered both intravenously and intramuscularly. The dosage is determined by the doctor, in accordance with the form of the disease. The drug can be prescribed to infants and women during the period of gestation.
Cefotaxime is the best analogue of Klaforan
This drug is the most popular, according to doctors reviews. This is a domestic substitute, which is much cheaper than the original. The medicine belongs to the group of third generation cephalosporins. Available in the form of a white powder. The main active ingredient is cefotaxime in a dose of 1 g.
3rd generation cephalosporin antibiotic is intended for intramuscular and intravenous administration. It has a wide bactericidal and antimicrobial effect. The tool is active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms that are resistant to other antibiotics. The bioavailability of the drug almost reaches 100%. Only half binds to plasma proteins. A small amount is excreted by the kidneys and, to a greater extent, as metabolites. The analogue of Klaforan in ampoules (Cefotaxime) penetrates the placental barrier and is excreted slightly with milk. Therefore, its use during pregnancy and lactation is prohibited.
Indications and contraindications
The medication is used to treat infectious and inflammatory ailments caused by pathogenic bacteria. This may include:
- infections of the central nervous system;
- respiratory diseases;
- urinary tract infections;
- inflammation of bones, joints, tissues;
- endocarditis;
- peritonitis;
- anaerobic infections;
- pelvic inflammation;
- prevention of postoperative infections.
Contraindications:
- age up to 3 years;
- pregnancy;
- lactation;
- hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics;
- renal and liver failure.
The same contraindications for use have the drug "Klaforan". Analogs, generics of this medical product have an identical main substance in their composition. However, you should not use any medication without first studying the instructions.
Dosage
The medicine is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, slowly. The treatment process scheme differs for each specific disease. It is established individually, taking into account the severity of the inflammatory process. Basically, the drug is administered twice a day for 1 gram at a time. In more severe infections, the dosage may double. The maximum allowable dose is 12 grams.
Before administration, it is necessary to dilute the dry matter with lidocaine or water for injection in the amount of 4 ml per bottle with the medicine. For children, the dose is calculated within 100 mg per 1 kilogram of body weight. For intravenous injection, the drug is diluted with an
isotonic solution and administered within 5 minutes.
In case of an overdose of the drug, the following unpleasant symptoms may occur:
- cramps
- tremor;
- pressure reduction;
- encephalopathy.
In this case, the patient is given symptomatic treatment. Any other analogue will not have a specific antidote. "Klaforan", "Cefatoxime" are used only under the supervision of a specialist. It is advisable to conduct therapy in a hospital setting.
Interaction
Co-administration with the following groups of drugs is not recommended:
- antiplatelet agents, NSAIDs;
- aminoglycosides;
- diuretics.
It is also forbidden to administer other antibiotics in the same syringe. Such recommendations will have any other analogue. "Klaforan", "Cefatoxime" is prescribed under the control of peripheral blood. Patients who suffer from chronic diseases and are forced to take medication regularly should first consult a doctor.
With the improper use of an antibacterial agent, the following side effects may develop:
- migraine;
- dizziness;
- impaired renal function;
- pressure reduction;
- tachycardia;
- dry mouth
- allergic reactions, up to the occurrence of anaphylactic shock.
The Russian analogue of Klaforan, the drug Cefotaxime, can cause pain at the injection site and slight hyperemia.
special instructions
The tool belongs to group B. It must be stored out of the reach of children, at a temperature of no more than 30 degrees. The drug is sold in a pharmacy with a prescription. If the patient develops long-term diarrhea, the antibiotic is discontinued and therapy with metronidazole and vancomycin is prescribed. Every 10 days, the patient needs to do a peripheral blood test. During treatment, alcohol is prohibited. Like any other analogue, "Klaforan", "Cefatoxime" with caution is prescribed for chronic renal failure.
Drug Comparison
“Cefotaxime” and “Klaforan” are completely identical drugs that have the same composition, indications and contraindications. Only the medicine "Klaforan" is produced abroad, by the company "Sanofi", and the drug "Cefotaxime" is the Russian counterpart. There is a significant difference in the cost of medicines. It will be possible to purchase an imported original in a pharmacy for 150 rubles, and the price of an analogue is only 30 rubles. According to many doctors, a medicine made abroad is better tolerated by patients and causes a minimum number of side effects than a Russian substitute. This is the main advantage of the drug "Claforan". An analogue in tablets may also be used.
Most doctors prescribe these antibiotics to treat the inflammatory process. Often, Kefotex, Oritax, and Klafobrin are also used. They belong to the third generation cephalosporins and have greater activity against gram-negative bacteria than the second and first generation drugs. Like other drugs in this group, they have low anaerobic activity and do not affect enterococci. In severe and mixed infections, the drugs "Klaforan" and "Cefotaxime" are prescribed together with metronidazole and vancomycin.
Third-generation antibiotics are recommended to be prescribed in conjunction with drugs, which can restore the intestinal microflora and not cause symptoms of dysbiosis in the patient. These two agents can be administered intramuscularly and intravenously, which is very convenient. Before starting antibiotic therapy, if possible, it is necessary to conduct a test for sensitivity to cephalosporins. Also, before starting the treatment process, you should familiarize yourself with all the contraindications that the Klaforan medicine (analogue) contains. Before administration, the ampoules with the drug should be diluted with a solvent and shaken well.