Thrombosed hemorrhoids is one of the most common pathologies that occurs in every third inhabitant of the planet. The first stages of the development of the disease are accompanied mainly only by itching and a feeling of heaviness. In the case of diagnosis and the start of proper treatment, the patient does not have any adverse consequences. In other situations, pathology progresses and goes into a complex form, which leads to the formation of blood clots, which appear due to damage to the veins. This provokes inflammation and swelling of the nodes, as a result of which a person feels a strong pain syndrome.
The main causes of the appearance of pathology
Thrombosed hemorrhoids are an external type of disease that can be affected by factors such as:
- Problems with bowel movements. This cause of pathology is considered the most common. The problem most often occurs due to strong, prolonged, or constantly recurring constipation. Because of the latter, the patient begins to empty his own body with effort. As a result, dense feces are pressed on the vessels, thereby provoking their damage and blood stasis. Over time, it begins to become thicker, which is why blood clots appear in it.
- Pregnancy. This process is different in that a woman is constantly gaining extra weight. It is a significant and significant load, which can lead to severe damage to blood vessels. This, in turn, provokes the formation of blood clots. Much more dangerous consequences can occur during gestation when the thrombosed hemorrhoids appeared earlier.
- Tribal activity. Natural childbirth involves a large number of areas of a woman's body. This applies to the vagina, uterus and anus. Muscle muscle tension in them against the background of increased load and pressure that causes the fetus provokes muscle damage, blood stasis and blood clots.
Thrombosed hemorrhoids sometimes disappear on their own after childbirth occurs. First, pain decreases over the course of a week, swelling subsides within a couple of months.
Symptoms of the disease
Both acute and chronic types of hemorrhoids are characterized by rather unfavorable symptoms, among which it is worth paying attention to such signs as:
- Discomfort in the anus. This is due to the fact that hemorrhoids emerging from the anus carry mucus from the digestive tract to the surface of the skin. This, in turn, provokes maceration. It implies a violation of the integrity of flushing and swelling. Often the problem worsens due to the use of certain topical medications. It can be both anal candles and a variety of ointments. Often people treat thrombosed external hemorrhoids at home. Reviews of drugs are not the basis of treatment, since each organism is individual.
- Puffiness of the anus. This symptom is different in that a sick person perceives it as the occurrence of a feeling of heaviness. As a result of this, he constantly has a desire to empty his intestines. This problem is accompanied mainly by prolapse of the nodes, bleeding and secretion of mucous masses.
- Pain in the lower abdomen occurs with acute external thrombosed hemorrhoids. The chronic form of the disease provokes pronounced unpleasant sensations. They can be aggravated during a bowel movement and in a certain position of the body of a sick person.
Determining the presence of hemorrhoids in a person is quite easy. This is due not only to very obvious symptoms, but also to the external features of the manifestation of the disease.
Varieties of hemorrhoids
Currently, experts distinguish only two types of hemorrhoids according to this sign, the place of occurrence:
- Internal hemorrhoids. In this case, the node is formed from the portion of the vessel that is located directly in the rectum of the patient. As a result of this, the latter feels that he has a foreign object in his anus. The mucous membrane swells and turns red. In the most severe cases, the nodes may fall out.
- Always on the photo of a thrombosed hemorrhoids, inflamed cones that are located outside the anus are visible. They surround its hole on one or all sides. Such formations are easy and simple to detect. They differ in density, large size and the ability to probe. When touching these areas of damaged vessels, the patient may feel discomfort and pain. Because of the disease, it becomes difficult for him to perform physical activity, walk or just be in certain positions.
The method of further therapy of a sick person depends on the type of hemorrhoids , namely, the use of certain drugs.
The main methods of treatment
Among the methods of treating thrombosed hemorrhoids, doctors distinguish conservative drug therapy, folk remedies and surgical interventions. All these methods are distinguished by their effectiveness and reliability of use. Only the attending physician of the patient after his examination should determine which treatment option will be most suitable.
Conservative and drug therapy
The use of conservative therapy methods occurs only in cases where the patient's thrombosis is not too extensive. Therapy in this situation involves the use of such drugs as:
- Heparin-based anticoagulants. Their effect is due to inhibition of blood coagulation. For this reason, new blood clots do not form. In addition, old blood clots can resolve. The most effective coagulants are "Hepatrombin G", "Hepazolone", "Nigepan" and "Viatrombe."
- Phlebotonics. A distinctive feature of these drugs is their effect on the outflow of venous blood. As a result of this, it liquefies, strengthens blood vessels and eliminates some uncomfortable sensations. Among phlebotonics, in most cases, doctors prescribe Detralex, Venarus, Antistax, Phlebodia, and Glivenol.
- Analgesics. They help to eliminate the pain of the external thrombosed hemorrhoids. Most often, "Analgin", "Nimesulide", "Paracetamol" or "Ibuprofen" is recommended.
In addition, doctors recommend that patients normalize their stool. To do this, you need to choose the appropriate diet, nutrition schedule and the correct way to empty the intestines.
Folk remedies
First of all, with thrombosed hemorrhoids, doctors recommend using warm baths with medicinal herbs. They help to reduce the inflammatory process and eliminate pain.
Warm water can tone veins, and cool water can improve blood circulation. The use of this method is contraindicated if a sick person has an increase in body temperature.
A method that relieves inflammation
Often, instead of baths, lotions based on chamomile are used. This folk method helps to remove the inflammatory process. In addition, it promotes wound healing. Regular use of this method eliminates itching, burning and discomfort. The treatment process for thrombosed hemorrhoids should be monitored by a physician.
Surgical intervention
If hemorrhoids in a sick person are at a stage when conservative methods of therapy do not help, doctors decide on the need for surgical intervention. It can be of the following types:
- Thrombectomy. It involves the excision of nodes from the vessels on which they are formed. Due to the fact that this procedure is painless, it is performed under local anesthesia. At the same time, the patient should lie on his right side, legs pressed under him. A blood clot from the site leaves itself after the doctor makes a small incision. If this does not happen, special surgical clamps are used.
- Hemorrhoidectomy. This radical method is used only after all other methods have been ineffective. The operation of the patient is carried out in the position of Trandelenburg. The patient in this case lies on his back at an angle of 45 degrees. At the same time, his legs should be on supports. The operation involves either dressing or complete excision of the damaged areas. For this, a high-precision apparatus, an electrosurgical unit or a laser is used.
A photo of an external thrombosed hemorrhoids often scares patients, so they consult a doctor in a timely manner and carry out treatment to prevent surgery. The choice of a particular method for excising a blood clot depends on many factors, including the clinical state of the patient’s health.
Possible complications
Among the main complications of the development of hemorrhoids in case of untimely treatment, experts distinguish the following:
- The death of tissues. This happens due to circulatory disorders in the area around the anus.
- Sepsis. Pathogens located in the affected area can spread through the bloodstream throughout the body. This leads to infection of all organs, without exception.
- Fatal outcome. Death occurs when the amount of dead tissue becomes too large.
Many care about how to treat thrombosed hemorrhoids. Only a doctor can answer this question after a complete examination of the patient. In order to avoid possible complications, it is extremely important to start hemorrhoid therapy on time after the first symptoms.
Preventative measures
The following are the main rules for the prevention of hemorrhoids:
- proper nutrition;
- physical exercise;
- good rest;
- implementation of all recommendations of doctors, etc.
In no case should you avoid consulting a doctor. If hemorrhoids are diagnosed in time, its treatment will take a minimum amount of time.
The conclusion of the proctologist
Any form of hemorrhoids interferes with a healthy and fulfilling lifestyle. The constant feeling of itching and burning gives great discomfort. If one of the signs of the disease appears, you should immediately consult a doctor and undergo a study. The disease tends to progress and move into complex forms. The hemorrhoid can grow to the size of a walnut. In this case, the medication will not be effective. With advanced disease, the surgical method is used.
In the process of treating external thrombosed hemorrhoids, it is important to follow proper nutrition. You should know that systematic constipation provokes the development of this disease. It is not advisable to use sweet and flour products, since they strongly fasten feces.
Note to patient
Treatment should be prescribed strictly by a doctor, since self-medication will harm health. Before starting treatment, the form and stage of acute thrombosed hemorrhoids should be considered. If the hemorrhoids are internal, then the treatment is carried out using candles that relieve inflammation and swelling. With pronounced external hemorrhoids, ointments should be used. Sea buckthorn suppositories should preferably be inserted into the anus for hemorrhoids only at night, as they tend to leak out. During treatment, it is forbidden to actively engage in physical education and to lift weights, since strong pressure on the pelvic organs can cause complications. Given the fact that diarrhea causes hemorrhoids, it is not advisable to use laxatives for constipation. Prunes, dried apricots and fermented milk products positively affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and fight constipation. The thrombosed hemorrhoid site causes severe discomfort in order to relieve inflammation after bowel movements, doctors recommend washing with cold water after the process of deformation.