Veins play a very important role in the human body. They carry all slagged blood from internal organs to the heart and lungs. When pathologies in the work of blood vessels occur, the quality of life is significantly reduced. One of the serious diseases is deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities.
This disease threatens the patient’s life, because when a blood clot is detached from the vein wall and passes through it with a blood stream, it is possible to clog the vital vessels of the heart and lungs.
Not always, deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities may be accompanied by any signs. The manifestation of this disease depends on the location of the thrombus and in most cases passes without symptoms. Violation of the outflow of blood partially remove the perforating veins, which redirect the blood to the saphenous veins.
Symptoms of thrombosis:
· The presence of a bursting pain syndrome, which is greatly enhanced by prolonged walking or standing. A decrease in pain is noted when lifting the legs up.
Severe swelling of the legs in various areas.
· Blue skin
Deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities directly depends on the pathology of blood coagulation. The presence of viscous blood and any causes that impede normal blood flow are prerequisites for the formation of blood clots. With the formation of one, even a small thrombus, the inflammatory process begins in the vein and the formation of a number of blood clots. It is blood stasis that becomes the reason for which deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities occurs.
What can become the very trigger for the development of such a serious illness? There are many reasons, among which:
· Frequent physical stress
Trauma to limbs
Inflammatory disease
· A long recovery period after surgery or other interventions, implying bed rest.
· Recovery period after childbirth or abortion.
· Start taking oral contraceptives.
· The presence of cancer.
· Pathological processes in the blood coagulation system.
Long stays in a sitting position during long flights or driving a car.
When diagnosed with thrombosis, treatment should be carried out in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor. In this case, drug therapy and minimally invasive interventions are prescribed. It is not often necessary to resort to surgical intervention.
The main treatment will consist of the following procedures:
· Bed rest with elevation of the legs should be carried out strictly. This contributes to the outflow of venous blood, which carries toxins from the organs.
· The use of the drug heparin for 7 days, which helps to reduce coagulability and improve blood quality.
· Taking direct anticoagulants (eg, warfin), the treatment of which lasts for six months and contributes to a strong blood thinning.
In case of an early stage disease, thrombolytic therapy is used . In the later stages, it is contraindicated, as it can contribute to the separation of a blood clot and lead to death.
· The use of surgical intervention, during which a thrombus is removed from the lumen of the vein. Untimely treatment of severe stage thrombosis will lead to blue phlegmia and, subsequently, to gangrene.
Prevention of this disease includes various measures that prevent the development of blood clots. These include the use of specialized underwear and elastic bandages. With their help, it is possible to compress the superficial veins, which contributes to increased blood flow. Various risk factors should be excluded as much as possible and exercise physiotherapy. You need to adjust your diet and take leisurely walks every day.