Throughout the life of a modern person, various dangers await. Among them, far from the smallest part is occupied by diseases of different directions, intensity and complexity. And the mortality rate associated with diseases of the cardiovascular system generally occupies one of the leading positions in the world.
However, modern science does not stand still. Biochemists have already developed and continue to work on obtaining new medications that help people defeat the fight against heart and vascular diseases. One of the groups of such medications that are important in complex treatment are angioprotectors. Medicines of this group are characterized by high activity against spasms and contribute to vasodilation, improve microcirculation, normalize the rheological properties of blood and vascular permeability. The use of angioprotective drugs helps to reduce tissue edema and activate metabolic processes. The drugs of this group are widely used in the treatment of various kinds of angiopathies - diabetic, rheumatic and rheumatoid, atherosclerosis, problems with veins (varicose enlargements, congestive and inflammatory phenomena), trophic ulcers and other similar pathologies.
Most often, to combat such problems, medical workers prescribe Trental (analogues of the drug, by the way, are much more affordable).
Component composition and manufacturing forms
The main active ingredient of Trental is pentoxifylline. This medicine is offered to consumers in three forms of release: in tablets (each containing 100 or 400 mg of pentoxifylline) and in the form of a solution for injection in ampoules of 5 ml (1 ml - 20 mg of the active ingredient). Accordingly, for a full replacement, the Trental analogue should be developed specifically on the basis of pentoxifylline and in the same dosages (100 and 400 mg).
Pharmacodynamics of angioprotectors
Pentoxifylline (the main component of Trental) improves the rheological properties of blood, which becomes less viscous and thick. In addition, this substance prevents the excessive synthesis of platelets, promotes vasodilation. As a result, microcirculation of biological fluid in tissues (including brain fluid) is qualitatively improved, thrombosis and vascular sclerotization can be highly likely to be prevented.
For example, Trental 400 (its analogues to the same degree) improves microcirculation in those areas where blood circulation is impaired. It has a myotropic vasodilating effect on the human body (albeit weak, but it is), contributes to a slight expansion of the coronary vessels. Combined therapy with this drug significantly improves the picture of cerebrovascular accidents. If the patient suffers from any occlusive lesions of the peripheral arteries (for example, lameness), then the success of the treatment can be expressed in increasing the distance when walking, the disappearance of cramps in the calf muscles at night and the absence of pain at rest.
Indications for use
Medication "Trental" indications for use (analogues are similar in their effect on the body) is quite diverse. Firstly, these are circulatory disorders. The drug is taken to eliminate the effects of cerebral atherosclerosis (dizziness, memory impairment, inability to concentrate), ischemic heart disease and post-stroke conditions.
To use "Trental", analogues of the drug are indicated for circulatory disorders in peripheral arteries of an atherosclerotic nature, with trophic abnormalities (trophic ulcers, gangrene). It will be justified and effective to use the medication for ocular circulatory disorders, atherosclerosis, changes with signs of degeneration that occur with vascular pathologies of the inner ear and a decrease in auditory perception.
This drug is also indicated for pathologies of the spinal column, which include lesions such as cerebrospinal stroke, atherosclerosis of the spinal vessels, radiculitis, osteochondrosis, fractures and pronounced bruises of the spine, ankylosing spondylitis.
Who is contraindicated in the use of angioprotectors?
Any angioprotector - an analogue of Trental (as, incidentally, Trental itself) - should not be taken by patients with severe hypersensitivity to pentoxifylline, other methylxanthines (pentoxifylline - a derivative of xanthine) or any excipient that is present in the form of release (tablets, injections ) The use of this group of medications for massive bleeding of any origin (pentoxifylline reduces blood viscosity), hemorrhages in the retina of the eye, in the brain, in an acute period of myocardial infarction and heart failure is unacceptable. Contraindication is the presence of hypotension in the patient (low blood pressure), renal and liver failure, ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum. In case of surgical interventions, Trental and its analogues are not prescribed earlier than a week after the operation.
Trental (analogues too) is contraindicated for children and adolescents under 18 years of age, pregnant women and nursing mothers.
Possible side effects on taking angioprotectors
For any angioprotectors (Trental, analogues), the instructions for use describe possible side effects that rarely happen. From the gastrointestinal tract, pain in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, or an alternation of these conditions may occur.
The cardiovascular system can remind itself of bouts of angina pectoris (constricting pain behind the sternum, which is of a short duration), tachycardia, hypotension (lowering blood pressure). Allergic reactions are possible in the form of skin itching, dizziness and headaches, Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock. In addition, Trental, analogues (customer reviews report this) sometimes cause reactions in the form of sleep-wakefulness disorders, increased nervousness, seizures, and visual impairment.
If the above symptoms appear, the use of "Trental" must be stopped, seek medical help, rinse the stomach. If necessary, symptomatic preparations should be used.
If adequate measures to normalize the situation are not taken, the probability of the appearance of the following symptoms is high:
- nausea and vomiting of "coffee grounds" (a sign that gastric bleeding is developing);
- further decrease in blood pressure;
- increased dizziness;
- the appearance of fainting conditions;
- cramps;
- increase in body temperature.
With the development of such symptoms, it is necessary to rinse the stomach, take medications for symptomatic treatment and do not forget about the need to use absorbents in such cases.
Exceeding the permissible dose: consequences, measures to eliminate them
Trental is a fairly aggressive medication, and overdosing with it can be fraught with serious consequences. Symptoms that indicate taking a large dose of the medication are dizziness, nausea, hypotension (drop in blood pressure), tachycardia (increased heart rate), arrhythmia (heart rhythm disturbance), redness of the skin, loss of consciousness, cramps, chills. If you suspect an overdose by Trental, you must stop taking it and seek qualified medical help. Treatment in this case is focused on maintaining the proper level of blood pressure and respiratory function. If convulsive seizures are present, diazepam is used to remove them.
When the very first symptoms of excess doses (nausea, sweating, cyanosis) appear, it is necessary to ensure a lower position of the head and upper body. Particular attention should be paid to airway patency.
Trental's analogs in tablets
If you choose the best analogue of Trental in tablets, then the opinions of many experts and patients agree on the Agapurin medication. The place of its release is Slovakia, but, despite its imported origin, it is affordable for a wide range of people with different income levels. Agapurin is available in three dosages - 100, 400 and 600 mg of the active substance.
Also known is the drug "Retard", which is an analogue of "Trental." Interestingly, this drug is also available in a dosage of 600 mg of the active ingredient. A medication with this dose of pentoxifylline can effectively and productively combat very complex diseases associated with circulatory disorders. Retarders are usually prescribed by medical workers for diabetic angiopathy, cerebral arteriosclerosis, and functional hearing impairment caused by vascular diseases. A positive result with the help of "Retard" can be achieved with transient ischemic attacks, during the recovery period after myocardial infarction, in the fight against cerebrovascular disorders and Raynaud's disease. This Trental analogue is effective in tablets and in conditions of acute and chronic insufficiency of blood supply in the retina and lining of the eye.
There are analogues of Trental in other dosages of the main active substance. 200 and 400 mg of pentoxifylline contain such medicines as Trenpental, Pentamon, Pentilin and Pentilin forte, Pentomer, Pentohexal, Vasonit, Flexital. The list can still be continued.
However, the cheapest analogue of Trental is, without a doubt, Pentoxifylline. The release form, when it comes to tablets, is 200 and 400 mg of pentoxifylline. It is necessary to know about this medicine that, in addition to the side effects characteristic of Trental, this medicine can provoke aseptic meningitis, paresthesia, tremor, hallucinations, and cholestatic hepatitis. Also, in some patients, after taking Pentoxifylline, dryness in the throat, thirst, lacrimation, deviations or changes in taste sensations may appear. Consumers are rare, but may complain of conjunctivitis, laryngitis, and earaches. In addition, this Russian analogue of Trental is capable of provoking the appearance of anemia, bleeding of varying degrees of intensity from the skin vessels, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Trental's analogs for injections
In especially severe cases, when there is a need for injections, health workers usually give preference to such drugs as Pentilin, Latren (form for infusion), Agapurin, Pentoxifylline. The bioavailability of all of these drugs tends to 98%. "Agapurin" - an analogue of "Trental" in ampoules - is usually used in the most severe cases of cerebrovascular accident, with angiopathies of diabetic origin. Another area of application of “Agapurin” injections is the rehabilitation of patients after a heart attack, stroke, ischemic attack.
Quite often, Pentilin is used, which is also an analogue of Trental. Experts believe that in this preparation the ideal ratio of price and quality.
Customers' demand is Latren infusion solution. The medication is available in three dosages - 100, 200 and 400 mg. In addition to the side effects characteristic of Trental, it can provoke the development of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia.
In general, if you want to choose an analogue of Trental for injection or infusion, the trend may be as follows: first Pentoxifylline as the owner of the best price, then Pentiline, then Latren as a medicine with the widest spectrum of effects on the human body . All of these analogues are more cost-effective than Trental itself, and their bioavailability is the same as that of Trental, and sometimes higher.
Dosage regimens of Trental and its analogues
The tablet form of Trental is taken orally without chewing or breaking. Do this after eating, 2-3 times a day. Dosage - depending on the instructions of the attending physician - can be from 100 to 400 mg. 1200 mg - the maximum daily dose of the drug. The treatment regimen for each individual patient is developed individually, the course of treatment can last from 2 weeks to several months.
Injections of the Trental preparation (analogues in this case can be used according to another scheme) should be administered intravenously, by stream or by drop. In the first case (jet) 1 ampoule of the drug is administered for at least 5 minutes. The procedure is performed 1-2 times a day.
In order to prepare a dropper, the drug in a volume of 1 to 6 ampoules is mixed with saline or 5% glucose. The introduction period of this mixture is up to 1 hour. Droppers are also put 1-2 times during the day. Up to 1200 mg of the drug (up to 12 ampoules) is admissible to be administered dropwise for a maximum of 24 hours.
The Latren angioprotector, an analogue of Trental with the widest spectrum of action, is used for treatment according to its own scheme. Most often used for intravenous administration. The course of treatment for each individual patient is developed by a qualified doctor, taking into account the weight of the person and the severity of his condition. The bottle "Latrena" (200 ml) is intended for drip injection into a vein within 1.5-3 hours. If no side effects occur, you can increase the dosage to 400-500 ml of the drug.
In addition, this analogue of the Trental drug can be prescribed for children under 12 years of age. In this case, the minimum effective dose is calculated per kilogram of body weight of the child. Most often, children are prescribed to take 5 mg of medication for every kilogram of weight.
Opinions about Trental and its analogues of patients and health workers
Like any Trental analogue, the medication itself is effective in case of quite serious diseases and pathologies in the circulatory system. However, these drugs have many side effects. A sufficient number of patients received angioprotectors (including Trental) during the rehabilitation period after heart attacks and strokes. In most cases, the drug has confirmed its characteristics as a high-quality drug. Although sometimes there were reviews of tinnitus, a drop in blood pressure.
Trental was assigned to a separate group of patients for the treatment of hearing loss. Most of the reviews of such consumers had a positive focus.
In contraindications to the medication - pregnancy and lactation. However, quite often, gynecologists prescribe this drug to pregnant women to improve blood circulation and tissue nutrition. A separate group of such patients received an order to take Trental for prophylactic purposes.
In general, if Trental (as, by the way, any of its analogues) is appointed by a qualified medical professional and he develops a treatment regimen, then the risk of side effects will be minimized, and the drug will prove to be most effective.