One of the founders of Soviet children's literature was Arkady Gaidar, whose biography covers a difficult time for our country. It is this, most likely, that determined the main thrust of his works - in most of them the reader hears the echoes of war.
Children and adolescents
The future writer was born in the family of a grandson of a serf and a noblewoman of noble family. Father, Peter Isidorovich Golikov, worked as a teacher and paid much attention to self-education. Natalya Arkadyevna, who for this early left her parental home, devoted her life to enlightenment of the people. A short biography of Arkady Gaidar for children is very interesting. The boy began to compose early. According to the memoirs, his first poem appeared when he still could not write. The sources of such talent are seen in the fact that parents devoted a lot of time to classes with their son and three younger daughters. And in communication with each other, they often read poetry, sang folk songs.
Moral education of a son
The writer’s characters perform heroic deeds, in their features you can even see the qualities of medieval knights. The biography of Arkady Gaidar also gives an explanation for this. For the 4th grade, for example, it is recommended to use the story “Timur and his team”, which tells how adolescents with high moral principles disinterestedly help people. So, in childhood, Arkasha broke a glass and, as usually happens in such cases, got scared and ran away. And then there was a conversation with my mother, who patiently explained to her son that a brave and honest person will always find the strength to admit what he has done, and under any circumstances will be honest and sincere. Since then, there was no case that a boy tried to hide his misconduct from others.
And Arkady Gaidar, whose biography is replete with facts of overcoming life's hardships, felt responsible for the younger sisters and therefore never was capricious and did not complain.
In the terrible years
When World War I began, Arkady was ten years old. His father went to the front, and the boy decided to go after him. He was caught up near Arzamas, his hometown, and brought back. But on this teenager’s craving for exploits did not disappear. With the coming to power of the Bolsheviks, Arkady Gaidar (a biography for children includes only brief information about this period of the writer’s life) completely sided with them. At first he carried out small orders and guarded the city at night. But he was more and more attracted to serious actions. In the fall of 1918, the teenager, adding to his fourteen two more years (fortunately, he was tall and physically strong), finally achieved admission to the Red Army. Adjutant, detachment commander, and then regiment - such a military path in 6 years Arkady Gaidar has passed. His biography includes such glorious episodes as the defeat of the gang of Bityug and the experienced chieftain Solovyov. Moreover, he simultaneously received two military formations and therefore believed that his future would forever be connected with the army.
The beginning of literary activity
However, fate decreed in its own way: in 1924 Arkady Petrovich was forced to leave the service for health reasons. The injuries sustained in the battles, the concussion, and, to some extent, nervous exhaustion, also affected him - he entered this road as a very young boy. “To write,” - so answered himself the question of what to do next, Arkady Gaidar. A brief biography during the second half of the 1920s demonstrates the formation of Golikov the writer. At first he wrote for adults. In 1925, the first work appeared, but it did not please the author, however, as did the following several stories and short stories. And only “R.V.S.” (1926) was the writer called truly serious and mature.
Nickname
The real name of the writer is Golikov, however, the first works were signed by the name Arkady Gaidar. A brief biography of the writer contains several interpretations of the pseudonym. His school friend, for example, believed that a similar surname was the result of a great imagination of Arkady Petrovich. It was formed as follows: G (olikov) A (rkadi) Y D (from Fr. - “from”) AR (zamas). Another option: "D" among the letters of the surname, name, name of the city appeared like D'Artagnan. Supporters of yet another explanation attribute the pseudonym Gaidar to the Turkic language, from which it is translated as “the horseman galloping ahead” - this was Golikov’s life. These are the most common versions of the appearance of a pseudonym, although other interpretations can be found in the literature on the writer's work.
Artworks for children
Once Arkady Gaidar (the biography presented here is also based on the personal memoirs of the writer himself) noted that the war so firmly entered his childhood that he decided to tell the younger generation about it and about real heroes. So there were stories and tales for children: "R.V.S." about adolescents who witnessed the confrontation between the “red” and “white”, the autobiographical “School”, “Hot Stone”, the hero of which is an old man who survived the revolution and civil war, and others. The masterpieces of children's literature are called the “Blue Cup”, “Chuka and Heka”, “The Fate of the Drummer”. Very often the basis of their plot was events that were full of biography of Arkady Gaidar.
For the 4th grade, the writer's works are interesting in that their heroes are girls and boys of the same age, who find themselves in difficult situations. Due to their qualities: kindness, ability to sympathize and sympathize, perseverance, disinterestedness, willingness to always help, courage - they become winners and are a role model.
At the origins of the Timur movement
In 1940, perhaps the most famous work appeared, the author of which was Arkady Gaidar. A biography for children necessarily includes the story of the creation of the story “Timur and his team,” whose main character is named after the writer’s son. The incredible popularity of a literary work is evidenced by the fact that immediately across the country, detachments of schoolchildren began to take patronage over those who needed their help. For several decades, the Timur movement has become an integral part of the life of Soviet teenagers. And now, sometimes you can hear a familiar word when it comes to good deeds.
Heroic death
After the outbreak of World War II, Gaidar again went to the front, now as a war correspondent, where he wrote several essays on the defensive operations of the South-Western Front. However, this time his battle path was not long. In October 1941, he fell to the partisans when the detachment tried to get out of the encirclement. Presumably, Arkady Petrovich, as part of the group, went for food, and when he noticed the Germans, he gave a signal to his four comrades, and they managed to escape. A famous writer, a tireless man, a warrior in his soul was hit by a machine gun burst at the age of thirty-seven.
This is a short biography of Arkady Gaidar. For the 4th grade, acquaintance with his works today can be a real lesson of kindness, friendship, love for his native country.