Crooked fingers: possible causes of deformation, correction options, photo

In the article, we consider the reasons why the fingers became crooked.

By this phenomenon is understood a change in bone tissue or the shape of joints, as a result of which the configuration and direction of the bones changes. Such a pathology gives a person a lot of various problems. If, for example, crooked toes, the load on the feet is distributed unevenly, as a result of which joint diseases begin to develop. Do not underestimate the aesthetic component - the toes can be hidden from prying eyes, but a similar problem with the fingers will not go unnoticed. In the absence of therapy, such a pathology can cause a complete loss of control over the hand. The most common problem in the field of orthopedics is the curvature of the joints.

Causes of finger deformation

Curved fingers on the legs and arms appear, as a rule, as a result of various pathologies. There are diseases against which only the toes bend. However, there are those that affect the legs and arms equally.

Diabetes

One of the complications of this pathology is neuropathy, which is manifested by damage to nerve endings in the limbs. As a result, a decrease in sensitivity occurs in them. That is why a person does not pay attention if he rubs his shoes, something injures his leg, he does not feel injuries and cuts. In such wounds, dirt can penetrate, after which the process of inflammation develops. That is, deformation of the fingers can be a consequence of neuropathy. Why can fingers on my hands become crooked?

Arthrosis

It is a chronic degenerative joint disease in which cartilage destruction, the development of pathological changes in the capsule, ligamentous apparatus, synovial membrane and adjacent bone structures occur. The main reason for the development of arthrosis is a violation of metabolic processes. Pathology is manifested by severe pain, stiffness in the morning, limited mobility. In the absence of timely therapy, pathology causes deformation of the hands and curvature of the little finger. Crooked fingers are very ugly.

Psoriatic arthritis

It is a chronic joint disease that develops against the background of psoriasis. Pathology is characterized by asymmetric damage to the joints, pronounced phenomena of secondary osteoarthrosis, focal bone compaction, marginal growths. During the development of the disease, a person often has subluxations and dislocations of the affected joints, immobility of the distal joints between the phalanges on the toes and hands develops. In severe forms of the disease, bending of the toes for each other is often found.

Rheumatoid arthritis

It is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that affects joint structures. Any joints can become inflamed, but more often pathologies affect the small joints of the feet and hands. Periodically, the disease worsens amid climatic changes, hypothermia, trauma, psycho-emotional stress, physical exertion, infections, and concomitant pathologies. Often the development of rheumatoid arthritis is accompanied by damage to the internal organs.

Curved toes are, as a rule, the result of various pathologies:

1. Atherosclerotic changes in the lower extremities. Atherosclerosis of the veins of the lower extremities is a pathology in which the blood flow in the legs is completely or partially blocked. The reason for this phenomenon is a blockage of blood vessels by blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques. In the process of pathology progression, narrowing or complete blockage of the arteries occurs. As a result, the blood supply to the legs worsens, pain in the calves appears when walking, discomfort occurs at night, the little finger is deformed. Why are there still crooked toes?
2. Flat feet. The foot in people with this disease lengthens, which is why the flexor muscles begin to overpower the extensor muscles. As a result, the tendons stretch even more and provoke deformation of the fingers. Crossed fingers with flat feet are a common occurrence.
3. Gout. It is a chronic progressive pathology, which is characterized by impaired purine metabolism, an excess of uric acid in the blood, recurrent arthritis, and deposition of uric acid salts in the tissues. In the vast majority of cases, gout affects the joints of the thumb and forefinger, less often the joints of the knee and ankle. Gout is accompanied by severe sharp pain in the affected joint, the development of severe edema, the occurrence of redness. With the development of pathology, there is a persistent curvature of the joints, impaired motor volume.

Varieties of leg deformities

The curvature of the toes can be of the following types.

1. Taylor Warp. Such deformation is often called the “tailor's foot”. With this violation, an increase in the lateral part of the foot occurs, varus deviation of the last finger is observed. The disease is characterized by inflammation of the fifth metatarsophalangeal joint. Factors contributing to the development of Taylor deformity are congenital disorders of the ligamentous apparatus, trauma.
2. Claw-like deformation. In this case, all toes of the foot suffer, except the big one. Fingers begin to bend down, resembling the claws of a beast. Such deformation develops as a result of disturbances in the activity of the muscle system. Cerebral palsy, trauma, flat feet can contribute to the development of this pathology.
3. Hammer-like deformation. As a rule, it affects the index toes. They begin to bend, after which they are fixed at a certain angle. The patient experiences severe pain. This deformation occurs mainly due to a genetic predisposition in people with long metatarsal bones. The risk group includes people who are diagnosed with progressive transverse flatfoot. People often have a crooked thumb.
4. Hallux valgus. It affects the big toes, is characterized by the formation of a bone growth at the base of the big toes. In the process of development of this disease, flattening of the arches of the foot occurs, the first metatarsal bone deviates inward. Along with the formation of growths, the formation of corns and the development of a hammer-like deformation of the index, middle and ring fingers occurs.

A crooked index finger is also not uncommon.

On hands

Deformations of the fingers are of the following types:

1. Swan neck. Such deformation is characterized by excessive extension of the fingers in the middle joint and flexion in the upper joint. There is only one interphalangeal joint in the thumb, so this deformation of the thumbs does not affect. However, the development of severe over-extension of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb can cause a rectangular or zigzag deformation. There are curves and middle fingers.
2. Buttonhole. With this type of deformation, the finger is bent in the middle joint, but straightened in the upper. Such deformation develops as a result of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis, dislocation, tendon rupture.
3. Hammer-like deformation. It is a tendon damage that straightens the nail phalanx of the finger. With this deformation, the nail phalanx is bent in the direction of the palm. The violation is characterized by a lack of active extension of the upper joint.

What to do when the finger has become crooked?

Deformed Finger Therapy

The therapy of finger curvature involves complexity and consists of exercise therapy, physiotherapy, the use of drugs and the use of orthopedic drugs.

The main goal of drug treatment is the treatment of symptoms, that is, relief of pain, elimination of inflammation, swelling, normalization of metabolic processes and blood supply to the joint structures. The following medications are indicated for use:

1. Anesthetics ("Analgin", "Baralgin", others).
2. Muscle relaxants: Sidalud, Midokalm. These drugs can relieve spasm, minimize muscle pain, normalize blood circulation.
3. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Piroxicam, Ketorolac, Ibuprofen. These drugs help to reduce pain, relieve inflammation.

Use of orthopedic appliances

When using orthopedic appliances, the load on the affected joints is reduced, the likelihood of additional injury is eliminated. An orthopedist will help you choose special shoes, clips, a variety of devices. If the disease is at an early stage of development, wearing wide and soft shoes may be effective.

Correct the curvature of the index toe will allow the use of arch support and special insoles.

If we consider the curvature of the fingers on the hands, then, as a rule, the application of a special tire to the upper joint is sufficient. Such a tire should be worn up to 8 weeks, after its removal a gradual restoration of joint mobility will be required.

Surgical methods

Surgical correction methods can only be used for fixed deformities, if conservative therapy has not given the expected results. Operations for curving fingers are as follows.

1. Bursitis removal.
2. Distal osteotomy (in which the doctor reduces the angle between the bones by cutting the distal edge and then moving it to the lateral plane).
3. Installation of implants.
4. Arthrodesis (artificial joint immobilization).
5. Resection and subsequent replacement of soft tissues located near the affected joint.
6. Resection arthroplasty (removal of the end section on the metatarsal bone).
7. Exostectomy (excision of the upper part of the metatarsal bone).

It should be noted that surgical intervention aimed at eliminating the deformation of the fingers will require subsequent rehabilitation, which will take about two months.

Conclusion

Thus, when bending fingers, it should be understood that the treatment of deformities in the arms and legs is different, and the pathology itself can only be a consequence of a serious illness. In the absence of timely therapy, surgical treatment may be required, and in some cases disability is possible. In this regard, do not postpone the visit to the orthopedist.

We examined why a finger curve might be.