Anyone who has ever encountered renal colic is unlikely to forget this condition. Tolerate the pain experienced is very difficult, and the painkillers, which are usually in the medicine cabinet, help very weakly. It is best to immediately call an ambulance. Specialists will examine the patient, if necessary, they will be taken to a medical institution for additional examination or they will use a stronger painkiller and tell them where to turn for consultation. Today, consider a renal colic clinic.
What it is
In fact, the definition is suitable for any colic, whether it is renal, hepatic or intestinal. It develops all the same according to one law. So, the clinic of renal colic allows us to judge that the condition often develops with lightning speed, and quite often this happens at night. It is an acute attack of excruciating pain. They are caused by spasms of smooth muscle and are therefore characterized by a cramping nature.
Is renal colic an independent disease? The clinic makes it possible to understand that this is only a complex of symptoms that are associated with a violation of the outflow of urine. Of course, all this is accompanied by intoxication and severe pain.
How to recognize
Sometimes patients describe their condition in different ways, and only an experienced doctor can figure out what is happening. But there is a classic description of a renal colic clinic. An attack of pain is localized in the lower back and upper abdomen. Sometimes the patient feels pain in the lower abdomen, in the groin and genitals. The nature of the pain makes the patient constantly change the position of the body, but none of them brings relief. Sometimes the pain is so severe that it faints. Characterized by breathing in the stomach.
Very often, the pathology proceeds against the background of an increase in body temperature and causes dizziness attacks. Clinic, diagnosis, treatment - these are the three pillars on which effective patient care is based. Therefore, do not waste time and call an ambulance. Entrust your relative's health to professionals. This is a serious pathology that requires the most responsible attitude. Ignore it will not allow pain, but do not stop at stopping it. It is necessary to undergo examination and treatment.
Causes of occurrence
For the convenience of medical personnel, there is a single classification of diseases. Renal colic passes under the code N23 in the ICD. Clinic, diagnosis, treatment are well described in professional guides. Of course, a simple layman does not have the time and special education to study material saturated with special terms. Therefore, today we are trying to tell just about the complex.
In the vast majority of cases, colic is caused by chronic diseases of the genitourinary system. Doctors say that there may be many reasons for this. But today it is safe to say that the risk of developing colic is associated with age. In childhood and adolescence, almost never occurs, as in older people. The peak incidence occurs in 30-50 years. In men, it is more common.
Risk Factors That May Cause Colic
Once again, we draw your attention to the fact that colic is not an independent disease, it develops against the background of urolithiasis. In addition to gender and age, there are a number of more specific factors that also contribute to the development of such a complication:
- Very often this is a genetic predisposition. In 55% of patients, doctors diagnose the family nature of the disease.
- Work in hazardous industries and in hot shops.
- Professional exercise.
- Some diseases, such as polycystic kidney disease.
- Pathological conditions that are accompanied by dehydration.
Attacks of colic are most often found in people who tend to season dishes very strongly with salt and eat foods that are rich in protein. If a person does not drink enough fluid, this will contribute to the formation of stones. Therefore, in addition to standard treatment, you will need to pay attention to diet and drinking regimen. When the body receives in sufficient quantities all the nutrients and water, the chances of developing chronic kidney diseases are much less. You need to think about this in advance.
Diagnosis of Renal Colic
Clinic, diagnosis and treatment are the three essence of one process. Until the doctor understands the clinical picture, he will not be able to conduct a competent diagnosis and determine the direction in which to move in order to cure the patient. And here the picture is not always unambiguous. An attack of colic is skillfully disguised as various formidable diseases. Therefore, if you or a loved one is in severe pain, then do not try to figure out the reasons yourself. Most often, renal colic will have to learn to distinguish from the following ailments:
- Acute abdominal diseases. Among them are acute appendicitis and cholecystitis, perforated ulcer.
- Acute gynecological pathology.
- Cystitis, prostatitis and urethritis.
- In some cases, an aortic aneurysm.
One can imagine what kind of knowledge and experience a doctor should possess in order to make a correct diagnosis and alleviate the suffering of a patient with renal colic. Emergency care at a clinic of this nature usually comes down to pain relief. Only after this can you take a medical history and clarify the correctness of the assumption made.
It turns out that if there was a lesion of the pelvis of the kidney and the upper part of the ureter, then the symptoms will be similar to inflammation of the appendix. If the center of inflammation descends into their middle part, the pain begins to give out to the genitals and groin. If the lower segments of the ureters are affected, then the patient experiences pain during urination, that is, cystitis or urethritis should be excluded.
That is why when diagnosing it is recommended to devote a lot of time to examining the patient. If he is conscious, then an anamnesis is collected. If in doubt, the patient must be taken to a hospital and additional examinations should be carried out. The procedure will take several days, but the patient will rest, being around the clock under the supervision of medical personnel.
Help to the patient
Of course, not everyone is familiar with the clinic of renal colic. Emergency care is provided by immediate relatives, that is, those who are currently near the patient. First of all, you do not need to panic. The condition is serious, the person is in pain, but panic and excitement cannot help him. Therefore, it is best to go to the bathroom for a couple of minutes and take a deep breath. This will help to collect thoughts and adequately act on. Now the patient’s calmness also depends on you.
What to do
And now we will consider the algorithm of emergency first aid. Clinic of renal colic suggests the following complaints:
- Paroxysmal pain in the lumbar region.
- Clear connection of pain with physical exertion.
- Painful urination. They can be frequent or, on the contrary, an abyss for a long time.
- Nausea and vomiting.
Since you can only provide first aid, you must immediately call a team of emergency specialists. If the syndrome developed for the first time, then briefly describe the clinical picture. If such a phenomenon has already taken place, an examination has been carried out and a diagnosis has been made, then immediately warn the dispatcher that this is precisely about renal colic. In this case, the team will be ready to take the most active action.
Waiting for doctors
Well, if the condition allows you to just wait for the arrival of specialists. The patient must be at rest. It is better to put him to bed and be near, but you should not move without the need. And a completely different picture if a person experiences severe pain. Doctors call such a clinic an acute abdomen. First aid for renal colic will consist of taking medications that relieve cramping.
To alleviate the patient's condition, it is recommended to apply warming procedures. To do this, put a warm heating pad on the lumbar region. Do not forget that if the cause of the pain is inflammation of the appendicitis, then warming is strictly prohibited. If you are unsure of the diagnosis, it is best to wait for the doctors.
Drinking mode
Prior to the arrival of an ambulance, it is necessary to control the temperature of the human body. In the presence of thirst, it is permissible to give him warm water. But carbonated water, fruit drinks and juices are prohibited, until the diagnosis is clarified. When urging you to urinate, you need to help the person relieve themselves. It’s best to give him a duck for this. Do not spill collected material. Emergency doctors who arrived may use part of it for rapid tests. If renal colic is accompanied by a delay in urination, then you should not push. Wait for the ambulance crew. In this case, the doctor will use a sterile catheter.
How long does the colic attack last?
If you do not help a person, then it will not be easier for him yet. But adhering to this simple algorithm, you can quickly alleviate its condition and stop renal colic. The clinic, etiology and pathogenesis of urolithiasis is a huge block that can be studied for years, which practicing nephrologists have been doing, so it’s very difficult to say everything in a short article.
But, returning to time, it can be noted that by performing the above steps, you can stop the symptom within 2 hours. At the same time, relief from warming up and taking medications can be felt after 15 minutes. Therefore, despite the call of the ambulance crew, it is very important to be able to alleviate the condition of your loved one.
Medicines
A brief summary of the renal colic clinic allows us to understand that this is a process that is acute and often with severe pain. It is best not to use medicines before the doctors arrive. Otherwise, the clinical picture may be blurred, and it will be more difficult for the ambulance team to make a diagnosis. To alleviate the condition, use a warm heating pad with a temperature of no higher than 60 degrees. If the pain allows you to take a sitting position, then a bath with a water temperature of up to 40 degrees will also help.
If the symptoms are quite vivid and you have no doubt about the nature of this phenomenon, then you can take medicine before the ambulance arrives. It can be:
- No-Shpa. The maximum dose is 80 mg.
- "Baralgin." You can take two tablets as much as possible.
- Ketorol. Indicated for intramuscular administration only.
Treatment
Clinic of renal colic involves the relief of acute pain and treatment by a nephrologist at the place of residence. Emergency care is carried out after diagnosis. Intramuscular administration of antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory drugs is supposed to help. It can be Metamizole, Ketorolac, Drotaverin.
After that, doctors assess the patient’s condition and decide on hospitalization. It is necessary if pain affects both kidneys or if the second is absent. Observation in the hospital is required for the elderly, as well as for those whose pain after antispasmodics has not decreased. Of particular danger is spasm, which is accompanied by signs of intoxication and impaired functioning of other systems.
Often, the treatment of the causes of renal colic is long. Most often, this symptom accompanies the chronic course of the disease. Therefore, to prevent the recurrence of painful symptoms, you will need to carefully monitor your health. Chronicle involves exacerbation twice a year. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of doctors and to take prescribed medications and herbs for prevention.