Very often people encounter such a problem as spots on the body of a light brown color. This violation is called pigmentation, in order to get rid of it, you may need to consult a cosmetologist and a dermatologist. It arises as a result of various provoking factors. Therapy will depend on the type and type of disorder that only a specialist can determine, so do not engage in self-diagnosis, as this can lead to negative consequences.
Types and types of pathological pigmentation
If the patient has light brown spots on the skin , then you should not panic, you should contact a specialist for additional advice. Therapy will depend on the type and type of disorder. In modern medicine, a conditional classification is distinguished, according to which there are three types of pigmentation:
- Primary. There are two types: congenital and acquired. Congenital pigmentation occurs regardless of external factors.
- Secondary type, or post-infectious. Stains form on the skin after infectious diseases.
- A common type and local, that is, spots on the skin occur both in certain areas and throughout the body.
Very often, patients experience pigmentation as a result of exposure to the skin with ultraviolet rays or chemical agents. There are cases when spots can be acquired as a result of the combined effect of these factors. It is also worth considering that ultraviolet can provoke other serious disorders, such as skin cancer.
Types of Excess Pigmentation
A properly established type of light brown spot on the skin will help to prescribe an effective therapy. Each of the following disorders has its own characteristics and causes, on which the duration of treatment will depend.
The following types of pigmentation are distinguished:
- Melasma Refers to chronic pathology, manifested in uneven coloring of brown and bronze color. In most cases, spots occur on the face and hands, and then can spread to closed areas. May be accompanied by warts, comedones, peeling, and itching. There are two types: congenital and acquired. The use of certain drugs, pituitary diseases can provoke melasma.
- Melanosis Diagnosed in patients with dark hair. The spots of light brown on the skin have an irregular shape, can be on the forehead, chin, cheeks, temples. They arise as a result of a disturbed hormonal background.
- Chloasma. An acquired disorder that is limited to melanosis. Spots occur in the frontal part, on the cheeks, have clear boundaries, an irregular shape. Refers to acquired pathologies, provoked as a result of the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation. Often diagnosed during puberty in girls, with inflammatory gynecological diseases, as well as after taking hormonal contraceptives. May disappear on its own.
- Chloasma of the liver type. Diagnosed with hepatitis. The spots do not have a clear border, to a greater extent arise in the cheeks and on the neck.
These types of excessive pigmentation are considered the most common and are treated, but only correctly selected.
Other types of excess pigmentation
Very often, patients ask themselves: "Brown spots appeared on the skin - what is it?" The various types of disorders that are most common were presented above, but there are other types of excessive pigmentation:
- Hyperpigmentation of the eyelids. Most often diagnosed in the female half of the population, over the age of 27 years. It arises as a result of negative and intense exposure to ultraviolet radiation, as well as with a disturbed hormonal background, a genetic predisposition. Until the age of 27, the patient is diagnosed with this type of pathology due to the use of oral contraceptives, certain medications, and the use of cosmetics that contain citrus oil.
- Secondary pigmentation. Spots on the body of a light brown color form at the site of the rash, after suffering secondary syphilis, lichen planus, burns, ulcers, neurodermatitis.
- Senile pigmentation. The spots are round, oval or irregular in shape, they are small in size. In most cases, they are observed on the face, neck and upper limbs. They arise as a result of a decrease in the number of melanocytes in the body.
It is impossible to determine the type of pathology on your own, so you should not do self-diagnosis.
Skin color - what can it depend on?
The color of the skin of a person depends on the three main coloring substances that everyone has. These pigments include carotene, hemoglobin and melanin. Each of them gives the skin a certain shade: melanin - dark or light, hemoglobin - reddish, carotene - yellowness. If one of the substances is in excess, the skin will acquire a saturated color of this element.
Hemoglobin is produced in the blood vessels. Its content may be impaired, but with the right therapy, the normal level of the component is restored. A blush appears on the cheeks, especially when a person is experiencing. As for carotene, its content in the body is negligible. A more pronounced yellowish skin tone in residents of the eastern regions. Melanin is considered the main pigment of a dark brown color, giving the overall color to the skin. People who have a high content of this component in the body are considered dark-skinned.
How does melanin affect pigmentation?
Spots on the skin of an adult may be a consequence of natural and melanin pigmentation. Only a specialist as a result of the examination can determine why violations occurred. Based on the results obtained, the patient is prescribed effective therapy that will help get rid of the problem.
Natural pigmentation depends on many factors, mainly on external influences. Melanin protects the skin of a person from negative processes. Color is constantly changing throughout life. If a normal level of melanin is diagnosed in the body, the process of darkening of the skin under its influence prevents burns, oncopathologies and other diseases. Therefore, natural pigmentation occurs, that is, a protective reaction.
Melanin pigmentation is observed due to a lack or excess of this component in the body. Brown spots appeared on the skin - what is it? The result of exposure to various external factors on melanin, which is a lot or a little in the skin. Various processes that occur in skin cells help determine the main triggering causes of pigmentation.
The main causes
The cause of the occurrence can be various factors, both insignificant and serious, up to cancer. A round, light brown spot on the skin or dark pigmentation can be diagnosed in patients who abuse strong tea or coffee. Also, very often, changes occur as a result of hormonal imbalance, as a rule, in the female part of the population.
Pigmentation may appear after surgery, various resurfacing, cosmetic procedures carried out with violations. Very often, spots are diagnosed in patients after peeling. In such a situation, it should be borne in mind that the deeper the cleaning, the greater the risk of a light brown spot on the skin.
Also provoke violations can be such reasons as:
- Wrong way of life.
- Unhealthy diet.
- Tobacco and alcohol.
- Sleep disturbance.
If you choose the wrong cosmetic products, then this will also cause spots on the skin. Sometimes during pregnancy pigmentation of the nipples and halos occurs, but after childbirth it passes.
Spots on the skin light brown: treatment
You can get rid of this violation, which causes considerable discomfort to the patient, by various methods. Treatment will depend on a provoking factor that a specialist can accurately determine after a thorough examination of the skin and the body. The patient can be offered cosmetic procedures, medicines, folk remedies. To prevent the appearance of pigmentation, it is recommended to adhere to preventive measures.
If a light brown spot was found on the skin of the child, it is recommended not to start treatment without consulting a dermatologist, since you can only worsen the situation and the general well-being of a small patient. In such a situation, the doctor can recommend medicines and folk remedies, and also advise you to adhere to a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition.
Currently, there are many cosmetics that can lighten the skin. These include creams and lotions. Also, do not forget about procedures such as peeling and the use of scrubs. When choosing drugs and cosmetics, it is worth considering the characteristics of the body, allergic reactions.
Folk remedies
Many patients wonder: "How to get rid of pigmentation using folk remedies?". There are many different procedures that can be performed at home to achieve a positive result.
The most effective folk remedies for stains on the skin are:
- Lemon juice. Affordable product at any time of the year. It is recommended to use with caution so as not to provoke an allergic reaction of the body. A few drops of juice should be mixed with baby cream and applied to spots with spots. The procedure is preferably done in the morning and before bedtime.
- Hydrogen peroxide, which can be purchased at any pharmacy. Helps to get rid of pigmentation quickly and for a long time. For cooking, peroxide is mixed with hot water in equal proportions. The product is applied using cotton wool, suitable for dry and sensitive skin.
- Mask of cucumbers. To prepare it, you need to grate the vegetable and apply the mixture to cleansed skin with problem areas. It is recommended to keep the mask for at least 15-20 minutes, rinse with warm water. It is recommended to carry out the procedure every day until the spots disappear or lighten completely.
Treatment of pigmentation with folk remedies takes time.
How to get rid of pigmentation using salon procedures?
In the salon or dermatological clinic, a patient with this problem can be offered various procedures that will help quickly and effectively remove stains. In such circumstances, you can get rid of the problem in a few visits.
Currently, a laser is considered a popular procedure. This method of removal is considered to be painless, safe, provides a stable result and has practically no contraindications. It is preliminary recommended to consult with a specialist. After the procedure, you must adhere to the recommendations of the doctor. Also, spots can be affected by cold, but this method is considered ineffective.
Very often, infrared radiation is used in the treatment. It has a direct effect on the spots with spots, destroying the affected cells. To eliminate senile pigmentation, it is recommended to use peeling.
When choosing a procedure, it is necessary to take into account the localization of spots, their shape and size, provoking factors and the number of formations. Mistakes can lead to irreversible and serious consequences, so you should give preference only to trusted clinics.
Preventive actions
Prevention of pigmentation is to prevent prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin. In sunny weather, it is recommended to use special creams and gels. If possible, you should refuse to take oral contraceptives. If the patient is diagnosed with increased pigmentation of the skin, then a specialist can advise chemical peeling, which is highly effective. Before carrying out this procedure, it is worth considering the fact that it is better to use it in the fall or winter. Previously, the skin is prepared for several weeks by special means. Peeling is carried out exclusively by professionals, do not engage in self-treatment.
Universal methods for the treatment and prevention of this problem do not exist. Therefore, it is recommended to approach pigmentation comprehensively in order to achieve a lasting positive result. Be sure to take into account the characteristics of the body of each patient.