One of the main tests in gynecology is a smear. Using it, you can identify pathogenic microflora and evaluate the hormonal background of a woman. "Coccobacilli in a smear" - this diagnosis is scary in its name. What is it? How to treat and how to prevent the appearance? Everything in more detail in our article.
Coccobacilli - what is it?
In microbiology, each bacterium has its own name. So, for example, cocci are spherical bacteria, bacilli are those that look like sticks. So it turns out that the coccobacilli in the smear are microbes that are something in between the ball and the stick. Sometimes this name is given to bacteria in which one individual is spherical, and the other is rod-shaped. When they are discovered, doctors diagnose bacterial vaginitis. Where do coccobacilli appear in the smear?
Causes
The reasons lie in the general condition of the woman. Most often it is a dysbiosis that appears with prolonged treatment with antibiotics. In addition, vaginalis gardinella is a coccobacillus, an infection that is sexually transmitted, but this is extremely rare.
There are also predisposing factors that lead to the appearance of coccobacilli:
- frequent change of sexual partners;
- constant wearing of daily pads;
- synthetic underwear;
- non-observance of personal hygiene;
- diabetes;
- pregnancy;
- menopause;
- endocrine disorders;
- taking hormonal contraceptives;
- reduced immunity.
All these conditions contribute to a change in the pH environment and the development of vaginitis. If the disease is not treated for a long time, it will be complicated by other ailments. Due to the anatomical features of the female body (closely located urethra), bacteria enter the bladder and kidneys from the vagina, causing cystitis and pyelonephritis.
Coccobacilli in men
Coccobacilli in a smear in a man are extremely rare. Most often they cause urethritis. At the same time, the color of urine in men changes to gray, and it has an unpleasant odor. Also, itching and burning sensation may bother men. The disease is rarely complicated, but this does not mean that complex treatment is not necessary. After all, gardinella vaginalis is transmitted sexually, and a man can infect his woman.
Symptoms of gardinella are easy to distinguish from signs of other diseases. A woman develops gray or yellow discharge that smells like rotten fish. Itching, discomfort, possibly pain when urinating.
Gardinella in pregnant women
Often coccobacilli in a smear are found in pregnant women. Why is this happening? Most often, coccobacilli were present in the smear before conception, but did not show themselves. With the onset of pregnancy, a woman's immunity falls, and this is an impetus for the development of coccobacilli. Fortunately, this disease is not dangerous for the baby and the expectant mother. The main thing is to start treatment on time. In this case, it will consist of douching with antiseptic solutions. Antibiotics for the treatment of the disease are prescribed in rare cases.
Coccobacillus smear: treatment
Treatment of coccobacilli should be comprehensive. First you need to kill the microbes in the vagina, and then populate there lactobacilli, which will maintain normal microflora and protect it from various diseases.
So, for the destruction of coccobacilli, antibiotic therapy is prescribed. Basically, the treatment consists of douching with antiseptic solutions and the use of suppositories "Metronidazole" or "Clindamycin", which are inserted into the vagina.
With the development of complications, antibiotic therapy in the form of tablets will need to be taken orally.
After completing the course of treatment, you must again pass a smear to make sure that the bacteria are destroyed, and then proceed to the next stage. This is the population of the vagina with "good" bacteria that will maintain the pH environment and protect the microflora. The doctor prescribes drugs containing lactobacilli. This means "Acylact" or "Lactobacterin." Bifidumbacteria can also be used orally.
During treatment, you need to follow a certain diet. Exclude fatty, salty, spicy foods, spices and alcohol from the diet. Fermented milk products, fruits, berry compotes and juices are allowed in large quantities .
Do not forget that the disease develops due to reduced immunity. Therefore, a multivitamin course should be added to treatment.
It must be remembered: throughout the course of therapy it is forbidden to have sex. Subject to all the rules, recovery will come very quickly.
Prevention
- Refusal of promiscuous sex life.
- Improving immunity: playing sports, hardening, giving up bad habits.
- Personal hygiene.
- Wearing quality cotton underwear.
If you have vaginal discharge, itching and burning, it is better not to delay and consult a gynecologist. He will prescribe the right treatment. And then recovery will come quickly. Do not self-medicate, you can only worsen the course of the disease and provoke the development of complications.