A cough is an arbitrary contraction of the muscles of the chest that occurs in response to a specific source of irritation. At the onset of the disease, the cough reflex may be dry, but after some time the liquid begins to be actively separated when expectoration is mixed with saliva.
To eliminate the cough syndrome, as a rule, doctors prescribe Ambrobene syrup, a mucolytic agent that has an expectorant effect. Cough performs a protective function of the body: thanks to it, the inner membranes of the respiratory organs are cleaned of dust and harmful bacteria. How to take Ambrobene syrup? Consider below.
Release form
"Ambrobene" is of the following types:
- solution for injections;
- syrup;
- capsules;
- solution for inhalation;
- tablets.
Structure
In the structure of all forms of the drug, the active substance is Ambroxol hydrochloride.
Capsules contain the following additional components:
- methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose;
- cellulose derivatives;
- silica;
- triethyl citrate;
- iron oxide;
- hydrolyzed collagen protein;
- titanium white.
Capsules are available in blisters. In one - ten pieces. The package contains one or two blisters.
Excipients that are part of the Ambrobene tablets are:
- highly dispersed silicon dioxide;
- starch;
- carbohydrate disaccharides;
- a salt of magnesium and stearic acid.
In one package there are two blisters of ten tablets.
The Ambrobene injection solution also contains:
- disodium monohydrogen phosphate;
- citric acid;
- water
- sodium and chlorine ions.
Ambrobene solution for injections is dispensed in ampoules of two milliliters in a contour pack. One package contains five pieces.
The Ambrobene liquid for inhalation and oral administration, in addition to the main component, contains:
- water
- potassium salt;
- hydrochloric acid.
The medication is dispensed into the bottle in the form of a dropper made of dark glass of forty milliliters.
Syrup "Ambrobene" contains:
- sorbitol syrup;
- propylene glycol;
- flavoring food "Raspberry";
- water
- saccharin sodium.
The drug is made in dark glass bottles of one hundred milliliters. They also come with a measuring cup.
pharmachologic effect
The main substance is included in the group of benzylamines and refers to the products of metabolism of bromhexine. The active substance of Ambrobene cough syrup is characterized by a mucolytic, secretolytic and secretomotor effect.
Scientific studies have found that ambroxol helps stimulate the serous cells of the glands that are located on the mucous membranes of the bronchi. By activating ciliated epithelial cells and decreasing sputum viscosity, it enhances mucociliary transport.
The active substance helps to increase the formation of a surface-active microelement by directly affecting second-order pneumocytes and convex cells with short microvilli found in the bronchioles of the lungs.
With intravenous administration, ambroxol penetrates the tissue instantly, when taken orally, it is completely absorbed from the stomach and intestines. The maximum concentration of this component is found in the lungs and is detected approximately three hours after oral administration. A trace element binds to an amino acid reserve in the body by about eighty to ninety percent. The half-life of the active substance from the blood is from seven to twelve hours.
The total period of time needed for a substance to lose half of its pharmacological action of the main trace element and its metabolic products is approximately twenty-two hours. Less than ten percent of ambroxol is absorbed in the same form, excreted through the urinary system, ninety percent of the administered dosage are excreted as intermediate metabolic products in the same way. Since the active element is more associated with blood serum, there is a large volume of distribution and is slowly distributed from tissues to plasma, purification of colloidal solutions or the detoxification method does not significantly affect its adsorption.
In patients with more complex liver disorders, ambroxol clearance is reduced by twenty to forty percent.
Indications
According to the instructions, Ambrobene is recommended for use in the following diseases:
- Pneumonia (an inflammatory process in the lung tissue of an infectious nature with damage to the alveoli).
- Chronic bronchitis (diffuse inflammation of the mucous membrane of the branch of the respiratory throat, which captures the deep layers of the bronchial wall).
- Acute bronchitis (damage to the respiratory system, in which the branches of the respiratory throat are involved in the inflammation).
- Bronchiectatic disease (a congenital or acquired disease is a combination of organs providing the function of a person’s external respiration, accompanied by an inflammatory process).
- A disease that develops as a result of a reaction to the action of certain pathogens of the external environment.
- Gradual inflammation of the airways involving a variety of cellular trace elements.
Ambrobene can also be used as a complex treatment for inflammatory damage to the lung tissue with the development of edema in infants and premature babies to stimulate the process of combining a surfactant.
Contraindications
According to the instructions, Ambrobene syrup has a number of limitations:
- Hypersensitivity (increased sensitivity of the body to a substance).
- Epilepsy (repeated seizures that develop with increased cramps of the brain).
- Gastric ulcer (a disease in which there is a violation of the integrity of the tissues of the gastric walls from the inside).
- A disease in which the wall of the duodenum is affected with the formation of a defect.
- Lactation.
With caution, Ambrobene is prescribed for:
- Liver failure.
- Damage to the renal system.
- Deforming bronchitis (a pathology that is characterized by expansion, destruction of the bronchial tree).
Instruction manual
Syrup for children "Ambrobene" is used after meals, while using a measuring container for dosage.
The duration of therapy is set purely individually, taking into account the severity of the disease, the age of the patient. Without the appointment of a therapist, the drug should not be used for longer than five days. During the use of the drug, the patient is prescribed a plentiful drink, since liquefaction of sputum requires the intake of large amounts of water.
Children under the age of two are advised to take one second of measured dishes (two and a half milliliters). The drug must be taken twice a day. The maximum daily dosage is fifteen milligrams of ambroxol (active substance).
Children from two to six years of age are prescribed the same dosage as the children of two years of age, while only the number of receptions per day increases (up to three times). The maximum daily dosage is twenty-two and a half milligrams of ambroxol.
Children from six to twelve years old are recommended to take one measuring cup (five milliliters) two to three times a day. The daily dosage is from thirty to forty-five milligrams of ambroxol.
For children over twelve years of age and adult patients, the first three days of therapy are prescribed two measuring cups (ten milliliters) three times a day. The maximum dosage is ninety milligrams of active ingredient. In the absence of a therapeutic result, patients can increase the dosage to four scoops (twenty milliliters) twice a day. The maximum dose is sixty milligrams of the main micronutrient syrup.
For inhalation "Ambrobene" is used in the following dosages:
- Children under two years of age are prescribed medication, using in the amount of one milliliter from one to two times a day. The maximum daily dosage is from seven and a half to fifteen milligrams. Its use is possible only after consulting a doctor.
- Patients from two to six years old are recommended to take one milliliter of the solution three times a day. The maximum daily dosage of an active trace element is twenty-two and a half milligrams.
- For children from six to twelve years old, the dosage is increased, a medicine is used, two milliliters of the drug twice a day. The daily dosage varies from fifteen to thirty milligrams of the main trace element.
- For children over twelve years of age and adult patients, the medicine in the first three days from the onset of an illness of the respiratory system is used in a dosage of four milliliters three times a day. The daily dosage is sixty milligrams per day.
Then they switch to maintenance treatment - four milligrams twice a day. The maximum dosage should be thirty milligrams of ambroxol.
Side effects
According to the instructions for use, the syrup for children "Ambrobene" has a number of undesirable reactions:
- pain in the stomach;
- vomiting
- intestinal obstruction;
- skin rashes;
- redness
- severe swelling of the face;
- a rapidly developing allergic reaction, accompanied by a rapid decrease in blood pressure;
- migraine;
- fatigue
- fever.
And also Ambrobene causes the following side effects:
- A disease in which a large amount of mucus appears in the nose.
- Small salivation, which is accompanied by increased dry mouth.
- Dysuric disorders (violation of the act of urination).
- Exanthema (an acute infectious disease of young children caused by the herpes virus).
Interaction with other medicines
With the combined use of Ambrobene syrup with other antitussive medicines that slow the cough, sputum congestion can occur, leading to the emergence of very dangerous conditions. In this regard, such combinations of drugs should be prepared with extreme caution.
With the combined use of ambroxol and antibiotics (amoxicillin, erythromycin, cefuroxime, doxycycline), a significant increase in the concentration of etiotropic substances in bronchial secretion is noted.
Therefore, the difference between the value of the hydrogen index of the solutions can cause precipitation of the base of the active trace element, the medication should not be taken with solutions whose acid-base equilibrium is above 6.3.
Features
With small changes from the surface of the skin and mucous membranes, the patient must stop using the medication and seek help from a therapist.
The sweetener sorbitol, which is part of the drug, has a mild laxative effect. For children who have not reached the age of two, Ambrobene syrup can be used only with the permission of a doctor.
There is currently no information on the impact on the ability to drive a car and control various mechanisms.
Price
The cost of Ambrobene, depending on different forms, varies from 110 to 250 rubles. The shelf life of the drug is five years from the date of its manufacture. “Ambrobene” should be stored at a temperature not exceeding twenty-five degrees, in a place inaccessible to children. It is also necessary not to leave the medicine under the influence of light.
Overdose
According to the instructions, Ambrobene syrup when using excessively high dosages of the drug, the following undesirable reactions occur:
- Diarrhea.
- Severe tension from the central nervous system.
In case of an overdose, it is necessary to rinse the stomach, intestines, plus symptomatic therapy.
Reviews
Syrup "Ambrobene" has a positive response from parents who treated the cough with this drug in their babies. Children tolerate such a drug mainly well, and complaints of side effects are extremely rare. The experience of the mothers demonstrates that Ambrobene really effectively copes with the cough reflex and increases the excretion of the tracheobronchial tree fluid that is secreted by expectoration, with the help of which the children recover instantly. The positive aspects also include delicate taste, ease of dosing, low price and shelf life.