"Pentamine" is a drug that belongs to the group of H-anticholinergics (ganglion blockers). It is included in the list of drugs used to stop arterial hypertension.
Mechanism of action
It blocks the receptors of the nodes of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, inhibits the function of the adrenal glands, and thus reduces systemic pressure. In large quantities, it can have a negative effect on skeletal muscle and central nervous system. It has a hypotensive effect, causes the expansion of venules and arterioles, but there is tachycardia, impaired focus, dilated pupil, dilated bronchi and decreased motility of the gastrointestinal tract and secretion of glands.
Indications
The main indication for the use of the drug "Pentamine" instructions for use indicates hypertension of the first and second stages, frequent hypertensive crises. But it can also be used for cerebral edema, atherosclerosis, asthma, eclampsia of pregnant women, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and other nosological forms accompanied by increased pressure.
Mode of application
In order to correctly prescribe a drug such as Pentamine, the rules of use must be known. The route of administration is intravenous or intramuscular. Usually take a five percent solution and make injections of 2 milliliters two to three times a day. If the condition is critical and you need quick help, then 0.2 or 0.5 milliliters of a five percent solution diluted in 20 milliliters of a sterile solution for injection or a five percent glucose solution is injected directly into a vein . It is administered slowly so that the pressure does not drop too quickly and wedging of the brain stem does not occur.
Also, "Pentamine" (instructions for use focuses on this) is used to create artificial hypotension during operations on the heart muscle. In this case, up to one and a half milliliters of a five percent solution is injected into a vein under pressure control, if necessary, increasing it by two, or even three times.
The largest single dose is 3 milliliters, and the daily dose is 9.
Side effects
Given the potent Pentamin drug, the instructions for use indicate possible ailments that it causes. After taking, a person may feel dry mouth, weakness, lethargy, dizziness, heart palpitations. Ocular symptoms such as impaired accommodation, vascular injection of the sclera and dilated pupil are also present. There may be a violation of intestinal motility.
Contraindications
As usual, allergic reactions to the drug as the most life-threatening condition come first. This is especially true for people who are constantly taking Pentamine. Instructions for use indicate that in addition to hypersensitivity, one should be wary of shock conditions, acute myocardial infarction, angle-closure glaucoma, chronic liver or renal failure. With caution, write to people who have a history of intestinal atony and / or bladder, thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, degenerative diseases of the central nervous system, bronchial asthma. A separate point is old age, which in itself is a risk factor for the development of all the above contraindications.
Release form
In pharmacies, found in the form of a five percent solution for injection "Pentamine". Instructions for use in ampoules were painted above. Each ampoule contains 1 milliliter of the substance, therefore, when calculating the dose, it is necessary to take into account how many packages of the drug will be needed.
Issue price
At the moment, finding it in the pharmacy chain is quite problematic, this may be slightly overpriced. It ranges from 700 to 2000 rubles per package. In addition, there are many generics (drugs that are similar in active substance) that can replace Pentamine. Instructions for use, the price of which is usually not indicated, contains a list of substitute drugs, but before changing to another medicine, consult your doctor. Perhaps he will find another way out of the situation.
special instructions
To avoid orthostatic collapse, you must strictly adhere to the recommendations left by your doctor. After the injection of the drug for the next hour or two, you must be in a prone position to avoid a sharp drop in pressure and fainting. The most appropriate option is dose titration. You need to start with half the standard calculated dose for an average person with a mass of seventy kilograms. It is important to remember that the higher the initial blood pressure, the stronger it decreases even at the same doses of the drug, so you need to take a smaller amount in one administration.
The pharmacist is obliged to warn the buyer that after opening the package it must be stored in a dark place and not leave the ampoule open for a long time, since the Pentamine preparation is a solution. Instructions for use, reviews and expert advice are also available on the official website of the manufacturer, but still do not self-medicate. Remember that health is the highest value of a person, and before trying to get into the body’s internal homeostasis, you should consult your doctor. It is possible that you do not need such radical methods of pressure correction.