Stable blood pressure is rare. In many people, the level of blood pressure changes many times, and usually dramatically. Such differences are usually immediately felt. This may be due to dangerous conditions. The symptoms and treatment of pressure surges are described in the article.
Causes
Human pressure surges appear for various reasons. The mechanism of this phenomenon is still being revealed. Usually this condition occurs when:
- stress
- being in cold or heat;
- taking certain drugs;
- impaired functioning of the kidneys and / or adrenal glands;
- change in atmospheric pressure;
- different hormonal problems.
Almost all people are at risk. Hypertension and hypotension are common throughout the world. According to scientists, pressure surges for a long time arise from the body's reaction to external conditions. For example, from shame, fear, excitement, when taking alcohol, spicy food. The symptoms of pressure surges are usually the same.
Diseases
With strong pressure surges, you need to go to the doctor and undergo an examination. Often this is due to ailments:
- diabetes mellitus;
- vascular atherosclerosis;
- impaired thyroid function;
- hormonal failure;
- impaired renal activity;
- cerebrovascular accident;
- neurocirculatory or vegetovascular dystonia.
Elevated glucose leads to a violation of the permeability of the walls of blood vessels, which increases pressure. If diabetes is improperly treated, then jumps in blood pressure are a common occurrence. If thyroid activity is disturbed, an increase in hormone production or a decrease is observed. Because of this, the pressure rises or falls. Deviation from the norm is observed with osteochondrosis. This usually manifests itself in the form of dizziness and severe headache.
Jumps are observed in dystrophic processes in the spine. Vegetative-vascular dystonia is diagnosed with a violation of the autonomic nervous system. With this ailment, there can be jumps - increases and decreases.
Age
Differential pressure in adolescents is a physiological feature associated with growing up. Due to hormonal changes, blood pressure rises and falls. This is the norm and does not require special treatment. With age, the indicator will be in the desired values.
In the elderly, differences are also often observed. Most people after 60 years have high blood pressure. With the wrong intake of antihypertensive drugs, blood pressure suddenly drops. For example, the norm is 150 per 100, and after taking the drug, the pressure decreased to 100 by 60, and after a few hours it can rise again to 160 mm Hg. Art. This is due to the fact that with age, the arteries lose elasticity, and a reduced or normal pressure increases the load on the vessels.
Fluctuations in pressure after 60 years are associated with:
- essential hypertension;
- renal failure;
- heart failure;
- vascular atherosclerosis;
- improper use of antihypertensive drugs.
Pressure surges in old age are more harmful than steady indicators without hesitation. This increases the load on the heart and is called a hypertensive crisis. This condition causes dangerous consequences.
Change during the day
Normally, all people have low blood pressure in the morning and high in the evening. This is due to the characteristics of the body. During sleep, the body rests, the pressure decreases, the heart rate slows down. Throughout the day, the body is subjected to stress, so there is an increase in vascular tone.
Fluctuations in 10-15 mm. Hg. Art. are the norm. Strong leaps can deplete the cardiovascular system. This condition requires monitoring.
During pregnancy
The female body experiences a heavy load during the bearing of the child, since it nourishes the child. The risk of occurrence or relapse of the pathology increases. A heavy load falls on the heart and blood vessels. If there are violations, you should not self-medicate, since not every drug is intended for pregnant women.
Pressure surges during pregnancy are associated with:
- genetic predisposition;
- unhealthy lifestyle;
- impaired fetal development or other complications.
You can not take previously prescribed drugs for hypertension, otherwise there is a risk of miscarriage or premature birth. In this case, you need to see a doctor for a new remedy. Doctors advise to be treated in a non-drug way: restore the drinking regimen, nutrition, and perform breathing exercises. If there are risks to the fetus or mother, hospitalization is needed.
Diagnostics
The therapist will help determine the cause of the pressure spike. This specialist can refer you to a cardiologist, neuropathologist or endocrinologist. In panic attacks, you can go to a psychologist or psychotherapist to perform several therapy sessions.
For diagnosis, instrumental examination methods are used. You can precisely determine the cause of deviations from the norms using:
- daily pressure monitoring;
- electrocardiograms;
- bicycle ergometry;
- general blood test;
- general analysis of urine;
- biochemical blood test;
- Ultrasound of the heart;
- detect thyroid hormone levels;
- MRI of the cervical spine;
- Electroencephalograms.
To detect instability, the doctor recommends that you independently measure the pressure in the morning, in the evening and with poor health. Received information is recorded in a diary.
Signs
What are the symptoms of pressure surges? With low blood pressure, there is a loss of strength, suffocation, pain in the back of the head, sweating, dizziness, fainting. There may also be nausea. If there are 2-3 signs, then these are symptoms of a pressure jump.
Sudden increase in blood pressure usually does not have so many manifestations. Therefore, hypertension is usually called the "silent killer." This is the name of the disease from which they die, without knowing the diagnosis. But with careful attention to your health, you can still identify some symptoms of sudden surges in pressure. Pain in the heart, nosebleeds, dizziness, and nausea appear. Symptoms of a sudden jump include sudden and causeless anxiety.
Symptoms of pressure surges in cervical osteochondrosis are the same as described above. Usually a person feels general weakness and malaise.
Accurately determine the presence of deviations from the norm is possible only with the help of a tonometer. It is best to have this device at home, which will allow you to constantly monitor the level of blood pressure. Also measure the pressure in the clinics.
Often sharp changes are associated with some ailments. Therefore, it is better to consult a doctor about the symptoms and treatment of pressure surges with cervical osteochondrosis. He, depending on the condition, will prescribe effective therapy.
Symptoms of pressure surges during VSD are the same as in other cases.
First aid
With the sharp appearance of symptoms of jumps in blood pressure, what should be done first? With an increase in the indicator, you should sit or lie down. The head needs to be slightly raised. It is also important to stop worrying. Scientists have long found out that pressure can decrease even by the power of thought. Enough to relax to normalize performance.
If symptoms of pressure surges do not go away, what should I do next? It is important to treat the area of the temples with massaging movements. Slight stroking from the bottom up with your fingertips gives a positive effect. But you should not push. Often, when people increase blood pressure, they panic and fear, which further increases it. It is necessary to constantly talk with the patient.
An excellent assistant for headaches and pressure surges is fresh air. In a ventilated room, indicators quickly normalize. If the values are critical (from 160 mm Hg), you should take a tool to lower it. For this, “Klofelin” or “Kapoten” is used. If the drug is taken for the first time, you should consider visiting a general practitioner.
Low blood pressure requires a lying position. But you should not lift the head, but the legs. You can do the exercise "bike". Coffee and tea are also effective, but drinks should not be made very strong so as not to cause a jump again. At home, it is desirable to have coniferous extract with which you can take a warm bath. But it’s better to do this with another person’s insurance.
What is the danger?
What is blood pressure in general? In simple terms, this is the force with which the heart pumps blood through the veins and arteries. In those situations where the power is very high, blood pressure will increase. The consequence may be rupture of the vascular wall due to stress. A simple example is eye redness from tension.
And if the vessel supplying blood to the brain burst? This can lead to a stroke. With reduced pressure, rupture of blood vessels is excluded, so many of this condition are not afraid. But a weakened blood flow leads to:
- insufficient blood supply to internal organs;
- congestion in blood vessels;
- blood clots if the blood has a high viscosity;
- child hypoxia in the womb.
The most severe consequence is ischemic stroke. In this condition, a certain part of the brain is not adequately supplied with blood, so it stops working. What can happen to a person depends on the affected area.
The indicated consequences are manifested for pressure surges if the readings change by more than 10 units. And differences within this indicator are considered the norm.
Folk remedies
Traditional medicine will help eliminate pressure drops. The funds are aimed at strengthening the walls of blood vessels, improving their elasticity. With the help of tinctures, decoctions, it will turn out to clean the vessels. As a result, indicators will be normal. The best are the following tools:
- Many vitamins are found in rose hips. It is able to improve not only the work of the heart, but also the state of the nervous system. Based on rose hips, you can make tea. It is tasty and healthy for various pressure surges.
- A positive effect is provided by tincture of sunflower flowers. It is necessary to pick it only at the beginning of flowering.
- Honey and propolis normalize blood pressure. With them, the heart strengthens, the general condition improves.
Do not ignore your condition. Even with minor weakness, you need to pay attention to health. The condition can normalize, most importantly, listen to the body. Do not allow pressure surges, it is advisable to prevent this process.
Pharmacy products
With a sharp increase in pressure, tinctures on medicinal herbs that you should have at home will help. Each pharmacy has alcohol funds that lower rates. The best are the following tinctures:
- Valerian. The infusion has all the properties for lowering pressure, eliminating cramps, soothing effects.
- Motherwort. The tool also quickly lowers blood pressure. The principle of action is similar to tincture of valerian.
- Pion. It has a mild sedative effect on the autonomic nervous system. It normalizes not only pressure, but also improves the functioning of blood vessels.
Before using any medication, you should read the instructions. After all, the tool has its own indications, contraindications and side effects. Only if the drug is fully suitable should it be used to lower blood pressure.
Prevention
How to exclude sudden changes in blood pressure? If there is a history of hypo- or hypertension, then the doctor should provide recommendations. Drugs created to treat arterial hypertension lead to various side effects. Specialists are able to take them into account. When the pressure is normal, you need to monitor all cases of surges.
An excellent preventive measure is maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Proper nutrition, normal physical activity, elimination of bad habits are necessary. Other positive aspects include normal daily routine, good sleep, and development of stress resistance. This is a powerful defense against feeling unwell.
Output
Completely prevent pressure changes will not work. But there is an opportunity to minimize their frequency and harm. To do this, you must adhere to a healthy lifestyle and follow the doctor's recommendations. Prevention of hypertension is the only way to eliminate chronic pressure drops and relieve stress on the heart.