Bezoar of the stomach is a foreign body that forms in the stomach when certain elements of natural or artificial origin are swallowed. It is expressed by pain in the epigastrium, a decrease in appetite, nausea, vomiting, an instantly sensation of fullness when taking a small amount of food. Diagnosis is based on history, gastric radiography, and gastroscopy. In some cases, bezoar may also appear from Smecta. What is bezoar in the stomach? A photo of the education is presented in the material.
Causes
This disease occurs at the moment when repeated ingestion of items related to inorganic food occurs. We single out several components of this manifestation:
- Mental disorder. When a person is faced with schizophrenia, trichotillomania, nervousness and mental retardation, this leads to the fact that he can begin to endlessly absorb objects that are not related to food. Patients can eat hair, glue, plastic, and all this is consumed in large quantities.
- Stomach disease. When insufficient release of hydrochloric acid occurs, the contents of the duodenum undergoes a pathological change. Thus, calculi subsequently appear. In the body, excessive reproduction of fungi of the genus Candida occurs.
- Surgery on the stomach. If surgery has been postponed, secretory functions are reduced, thus digestion is impaired.
- Improper nutrition. If it’s not good to chew fiber food and swallow it in pieces, it can provoke a bezoar of the stomach.
Symptoms
The speed of creating gastric calculi is diverse, ranging from a couple of days to tens of years. It depends on the composition of the extraneous element and the personal characteristics of the patient's body. With a small amount of calculus, there are no signs of the disease. As they grow, unhealthy feelings arise in the epigastric region, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, not interconnected with eating. Patients record rapid saturation with a small amount of food, nausea, vomiting, a feeling of fullness in the abdomen, a decrease in appetite and body weight. A frequent eructation appears with an unpleasant odor.
Subsequently, the pain increases, taking a strong or cramping character. A feeling of a foreign body appears in the stomach, which can change the location. In individuals of asthenic physique, in some cases, a dense formation in the epigastric zone is palpated. The presence of bezoar is accompanied by a decrease in immunity, an exacerbation of chronic diseases. In children, due to the pathology of metabolic processes and hypovitaminosis, hypoproteinemia, edema of soft tissues and lower extremities appear.
Classification
What is it - a person has bezoar in his stomach? The classification is as follows:
- Fitobesoar. The bulk of people who suffer from bezoar received this disease as a result of eating peels, seeds of fruits and berries. Plant substances that enter the human stomach are gradually overgrown with mucus and fat, and thus their mineralization occurs.
- Trichobesoar. This deviation from the norm is formed as a result of hair entering the stomach. Most often this is due to psychological deviation. Another name is the hairless bezoar of the stomach.
- Stibobesoar. This formation is formed as a result of frequent consumption of fatty products of animal origin. When food enters the stomach, it transforms and condenses.
- Shellacobesoars. This disease occurs as a result of the fact that inedible products of a chemical origin are consumed. When a substance interacts with water, falling into the stomach, it precipitates, and thus stones form.
- Lactobesoaras. They are formed in newborns at the time of feeding them with artificial mixtures.
Diagnostics
Diagnosing bezoar of the stomach is quite difficult. This is primarily due to the fact that there are no specific symptoms that would indicate the presence of this disease. In order to confirm the diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo several examinations.
- Inspection of the gastroenterologist. A specialist in this direction conducts a survey about the patient’s lifestyle, learns how the disease proceeds. Conducts a physiological examination, and as a result of this makes a preliminary diagnosis.
- X-ray of the stomach. When using contrast in this study, the doctor has the opportunity to identify oval or round defects that have clear edges. As soon as this is revealed, it becomes clear that this disease is present.
- Fibrogastroduodenoscopy. This method is basic at the time of diagnosis visually. Using this study, you can determine not only the size, but also the form of education.
Also, these studies help determine the cause of bezoar, because at the time of the examination, the endoscopist takes part of the material from the stomach in order to study the composition of this formation.
Surgical treatment
Surgical intervention in the human body with bezoar disease (see photo above) is an extreme measure. It is used only if conventional therapy does not bring any effect. Surgery is necessary when a large formation or dense cluster of bezoar is discovered.
The operation itself does not carry serious complications, it does not belong to dangerous ones. Its essence lies in the fact that there is a dissection of the stomach, so that access is opened, and the bezoar stone is removed.
If the disease is not amenable to medical treatment, then indications for surgical intervention appear. It is also worth considering the general condition of the patient.
The operation takes a little time, the main thing is proper preparation. When an operation is prescribed, a complete diagnosis and examination is carried out, drug preparation is carried out, and only after that the patient is sent to the surgical table. Before doing the operation, all possible consequences are prevented.
Pharmacological treatment
Depending on the diagnosis, the concept of treating bezoar of the intestine and stomach is prescribed. This disease has several types, therefore, the concept and composition of medicines is determined depending on the pathology. If the stomach stone is small, then it may well leave the location on its own. Conservative treatments are effective if the bezoar is medium in size and has a soft consistency. Most often this is a formation of plant origin. In order to get rid of such a formation, alkaline solutions based on soda are prescribed. Mineral water and proteolite enzymes are also recommended.
Massage
Also, light massage of the epigastric region brings positive results. It is worth considering that this massage is performed by a professional. Before going to the procedure, it is necessary to undergo an examination, establish an accurate diagnosis so that the massage therapist does not bring negative results. In addition, the patient is prescribed a sparing diet, where the number of fruits, fatty foods and meat is limited.
Other methods
If the formation is small, and it is possible to crush it endoscopically, then this is done, and eventually the stone leaves the body on its own. If the patient suffers from an obsessive desire to eat inedible products, a psychotherapist will be consulted, who will talk with his patient, find out the cause of what is happening, and carry out preventive work to prevent future consumption of inedible products.
If the diet and special massages do not help get rid of the stone in the stomach, then it will be necessary to contact a surgeon who will remove this formation by surgery.
Diet
If the patient is diagnosed with a stone of the stomach, then it is necessary to adhere to the recommendations of doctors. In no case should you let the situation drift and self-medicate, because this ultimately can lead to serious consequences. The only thing to consider with such a stomach disease is the recommended list of products.
- It is better to eat boiled vegetables and fruits. Increase the number of milk soups that will not fix.
- Reduce the amount of bread consumed. Eat only yesterday's dried wheat bread.
- Low-fat meat and mushrooms are allowed, they must be steamed.
Alternative treatment
In order to get rid of the unpleasant feeling of heaviness for a while, it is recommended to drink tea from blueberries or a decoction of St. John's wort, where a little chamomile or calendula is added.
During this disease, an excess of acidity of the stomach appears. In order to reduce it, you need to add carrot juice to your diet. The higher the acidity of the stomach, the more carrot juice you need to consume. But it is worth accepting the fact that self-medication in matters of the stomach is not the best solution.
Prevention
Everyone knows that it is better to prevent a disease than to treat it later. To prevent this disease, you need to eat right and remember some factors that will help protect yourself from the disease.
- In no case should you eat coarse food in large quantities, eat berries and fruits in large volumes, especially those that have thick skin.
- Chew food thoroughly. In no case should you rush while eating. Snacks on the go should be a taboo for you.
- Pay attention to children who bite their nails too often or even pull their hair in their mouths, this can also lead to bezoar. This deviation from the norm is a psychological disorder. Perhaps the child is experiencing some kind of psychological stress. This should be dealt with.
- It is necessary to periodically undergo an examination of the whole organism and pay attention to the stomach.
Bezoar disease itself is rare, but rather dangerous, so you can’t launch it in any case, otherwise you will have to go under the surgeon’s knife, and then after the operation you will have to follow a special diet.