Glaucoma is a fairly large group of eye diseases that are characterized by a periodic or constant increase in intraocular pressure, followed by the development of defects, optic atrophy and a decrease in visual acuity.
Different drugs are used to treat such diseases. The most common medication is Dorzopt (eye drops). Customer reviews, instructions for using this medication will be discussed below.
Packaging and composition
What substances does the Dorzopt drug (eye drops) contain? The active component of this medication is dorzolamide (as hydrochloride). Also, the composition of the medication includes the following auxiliary compounds: benzalkonium chloride, hyetellose, mannitol, sodium hydroxide, citric acid monohydrate, distilled water.
The drug in question is available in 5 ml plastic bottles with a dropper nozzle.
Pharmacodynamics
What are Dorzopt eye drops? The instruction reports that this tool is a local carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It inhibits the secretion of intraocular fluid and slows the formation of bicarbonate, as well as weakens the transfer of water and sodium.
This medication does not cause miosis or hemeralopia, as well as accommodation spasm.
Pharmacokinetics
Is Dorzopt (eye drops) absorbed? The absorption of this medicine occurs through the cornea, as well as through the limb and sclera. The systemic absorption of the drug is very low.
Once in the bloodstream, the active substance of the drug quickly penetrates into red blood cells with a high content of carbonic anhydrase 2.
Communication with plasma proteins occurs at 33%. The drug is converted to an N-deethylated metabolite, which is not very active against carbonic anhydrase 2, but is able to block carbonic anhydrase 1.
Prolonged use of the drug leads to its accumulation in red blood cells.
The medicine is excreted through the kidneys. Its cancellation has 2 phases of elimination: fast and slow. The latter is due to the gradual release of the active component from red blood cells.
The half-life of the drug is about 4 months.
Indications
When is Dorzopt prescribed? Eye drops are very effective in treating increased intraocular pressure in people with ocular hypertension, open-angle or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (including secondary).
Contraindications
When can you not use the drug "Dorzopt"? Eye drops are not prescribed for:
- hyperchloremic acidosis;
- hypersensitivity to the constituent elements;
- severe renal impairment;
- at a minor age;
- in the lactation period.
With extreme caution, this tool should be used:
- with diabetes;
- patients with liver failure;
- people with a low density of corneal endothelial cells (due to the high probability of corneal edema).
Mode of application
Only a narrow specialist should prescribe the agent for treating eye diseases after a thorough examination of the patient. It is advisable to instill the drug one drop in the conjunctival sac three times a day.
When combining the drug with local beta-blockers, the drug should be used one drop twice a day.
If the treatment of eye diseases includes several ophthalmic agents, then the interval between their instillation should be at least ten minutes.
Side effects
When using Dorzopt eye drops, the following local reactions may develop in patients:
- Itching and burning in the eye area, conjunctivitis, paresthesia, swelling of the eyelids, lacrimation, blepharitis, impaired visual clarity, photophobia and superficial point keratitis.
- Very rarely, against the background of the use of this drug, there are: iridocyclitis, an increase in the thickness of the cornea, allergies, hypotension of the eye, and also retinal detachment after antiglaucomatous operations.
Systemic side effects:
- a feeling of nausea, bitterness in the mouth, the development of nephrourolithiasis, asthenia, migraine, malignant exudative erythema, toxic epidermal necrolysis, aplastic anemia, skin rashes and agranulocytosis.
Overdose cases
What symptoms arise when using high doses of Dorzopt? Eye drops, the analogues of which are presented below, can contribute to:
- the development of acidosis;
- violation of the water-electrolyte balance;
- violations of the central nervous system.
For the treatment of such conditions, symptomatic therapy is used, accompanied by control of electrolyte levels and blood pH.
Drug interaction
- When the drug is combined with antiglaucoma drugs (beta-blockers, "Dipivefrin", "Pilocarpine", "Carbachol"), its effect is enhanced.
- With Acetazolamide, the risk of systemic side effects increases.
- With large doses of acetylsalicylic acid, the toxicity of the drug increases.
Special recommendations
The use of multidose vials can trigger the development of bacterial keratitis. This is due to the unintentional contamination of their contents.
In the course of treatment with Dorzopt, lenses should not be used, since benzalkonium chloride can have a toxic effect and cause eye irritation.
Analogs and price of medicine
Replace the drug in question for the eyes with such tools as Trusopt and Phloxal. The price of this medication is about 350 rubles.
Consumer Reviews
Unfortunately, consumer reviews about Dorzopt are rare. Among the main advantages of this medication are noted such as accessibility and effectiveness. However, some consumers are concerned about local and systemic adverse reactions that occur with the use of drops. In this regard, specialists can recommend the use of a medication called Dorzopt Plus.
Eye drops mentioned above include an additional substance such as timolol. It contributes to the outflow of intraocular fluid.