The appearance of blisters in the tongue is a signal of the body that there was a malfunction in its work or a disease appeared. It is the language that first responds to any pathological processes occurring inside our body. Therefore, any manifestations, whether it is a change in shade, the formation of plaque or the occurrence of any discomfort in the language, can indicate that this fact needs to be paid attention to. It is not in vain that doctors begin examining a patient precisely from the oral cavity.
Causes of occurrence
A healthy tongue has a symmetrical shape and a pale pink velvety surface. Any unnecessary formations and changes in color can talk about internal problems.
In cases where blisters appeared on the root of the tongue, on the sides or on the tip, then most often they have a translucent structure and are filled with liquid. However, they usually act in groups and clusters, capturing a fairly large area of the mucous membrane. Alone, such manifestations rarely occur, but in localization and color can be completely different.
The most common cause of such formations is a thermal burn caused by eating too hot food and drinks.
The appearance of white or red blisters in the tongue may be associated with the manifestations of:
- inflammatory processes of the upper respiratory tract (manifestations of tonsillitis or pharyngitis);
- infectious processes (manifestations of chickenpox or scarlet fever);
- dermatological rashes (for example, atopic dermatitis);
- manifestations of herpes;
- candidal stomatitis (in other words thrush);
- mechanical damage to the oral mucosa;
- dental diseases.
Often the appearance of white blisters in the tongue is associated with the abuse of bad habits (smoking). However, such conditions may indicate the development of malignant processes. Mucous membranes of the mouth can become covered with bubbles and with chemical burns, when strong acids or alkalis accidentally get into the oral cavity.
Upper Airway Blisters
Various inflammatory diseases that occur in the upper respiratory tract can provoke the appearance of blisters on the root of the tongue and throat. With angina or pharyngitis, such phenomena appear in the form of red formations of a conical shape. In addition, with such an inflammatory process, it is difficult for the patient to talk and to swallow painfully.
Throat infections
The clinical manifestations of some infectious diseases may be accompanied by the appearance of blisters on the tongue and throat. In this case, each bubble that appears is filled with a grayish-yellow liquid. At the same time, the patient feels pain and burning, malaise and general weakness.
With scarlet fever, along with blisters, laryngeal edema occurs. Usually children suffer from such diseases, but cases of infection of the adult population are not excluded.
Dermatological rashes
The main dermatological manifestations that occur in the mouth, are fungal infections (lichen) and atopic dermatitis. Such blisters appear in the tongue closer to the throat. They have a red tint and quickly capture the surrounding tissue.
There is a clear liquid inside each bubble. The clinical manifestations of these pathologies are characterized by damage not only to the mucous membranes, but also to the area around the mouth and lips. Both children and adults are susceptible to such diseases.
Herpes
Herpetic infection is caused by the development of malicious colonies. She appears in the form of plaque and blisters in the tongue. Sometimes the bubbles burst, a clear liquid comes out of them, which contributes to the further spread of pathogenic microorganisms. In place of the bursting bubble remains an ulcer.
Herpetic infections are characterized by symptoms such as fever, decreased appetite, pain, chills and general weakness. The clinical picture in children can be supplemented by the defeat of the lymph nodes, the appearance of diarrhea and the occurrence of profuse plaque and rashes on the root of the tongue.
Candidiasis stomatitis
This pathology most often develops due to the manifestation of dysbiosis against the background of a general decrease in immunity and / or taking antibacterial drugs. It manifests itself in the form of candidiasis of a mixed or fungic form.
Manifestations of candidal stomatitis (thrush) begin with the appearance of white point formations on the oral mucosa. These white dots are transformed into a curdled white coating within two days. A detailed examination reveals small blisters in the tongue of a child or adult. The characteristic symptoms of this disease are burning, difficulty talking and swallowing.
Dental diseases
With gingivitis and caries, similar formations can also occur. However, in addition to pimples and blisters on the tongue, there is a change in the color of tooth enamel, lesions of hard tissues and bleeding gums.
Malocclusion
The cause of the appearance of blood blisters can be an incorrect bite or improperly selected orthopedic devices (for example, braces or dentures). As a result of permanent mechanical damage to the mucous membrane on the gums, tongue or cheeks, bursting bubbles may appear, causing severe pain and bleeding.
Typically, such phenomena occur in the initial stages of using such structures. After contacting a specialist and eliminating the defect of the orthopedic device, such phenomena disappear.
First aid
The appearance of any formations in the tongue or in the oral cavity cannot be ignored. If such phenomena are detected, consult a doctor. If you can’t visit a medical institution, you can take the following measures to relieve unpleasant symptoms:
- Oral hygiene after each meal.
- Rinses with Miramistin, Chlorhexidine antiseptics or Furacilin solution. These funds disinfect neoplasms that appear on the root of the tongue.
- Rinsing the mouth with decoctions of calendula or chamomile, tinctures of sage or oak bark helps to relieve inflammation. Similar procedures should be carried out at least 3-4 times a day.
- Blisters on the tongue closer to the throat can be treated by rinsing with concentrated soda or saline solutions.
- The use of antimycotic drugs with the appearance of blisters with dermatological rashes or candidal stomatitis.
- Taking painkillers will help relieve pain.
Refusing bad habits and a sparing diet can be some of the additional methods to reduce pain and irritation of the oral mucosa.
Important to remember
Despite some relief of the course of the disease, accompanied by the appearance of blisters in the tongue (photo above), after using improvised or folk remedies, the patient still needs to see a doctor to determine the cause of such formations. Only a qualified specialist will be able to conduct an accurate diagnosis of the disease and advise an adequate treatment regimen.
For an accurate diagnosis of pathological manifestations in the oral cavity, doctors conduct a visual examination and, if necessary, prescribe special laboratory tests for blood tests and scrapings taken from the affected area of the mucous membrane of the tongue.
Help child
The occurrence of inflammatory foci of the oral cavity is much more difficult for children to tolerate. Therefore, a special approach is needed here, and you can’t do without a pediatrician examination in this case. To relieve the main symptoms when blisters appear on the tongue:
- Rinsing the oral cavity with an available antiseptic (pharmacological preparations and decoctions of medicinal herbs are suitable).
- If a herpes infection is detected, the antiviral drugs Viferon or Acyclovir are best used, however, the pediatrician should prescribe the dosage and dosage regimen.
Treatment of the oral mucosa should take place at least every 8 hours. If inflammatory symptoms persist for three days, you must consult your supervisor, you may need to change the treatment regimen.
Adult Blister Treatment
If any inflammatory neoplasms appear in the oral cavity, it is not recommended to carry out independent treatment, nevertheless, some manipulations corresponding to a specific problem can be performed:
- With the appearance of thermal burns in the oral cavity, ice cubes attached to the sore spot will help relieve inflammation. In addition, rinses with cold water or cooling candies with menthol or benzocaine can be used.
- With severe burns of soft tissues of the oral cavity, consult a doctor.
- If the appearance of rashes in the mouth is associated with an allergy, then antihistamines will help remove unwanted symptoms.
- When burst blisters appear, wounds that have appeared must be treated locally with the help of Erazaban or Famciclovir preparations.
- In some cases, various antibiotic therapy regimens are used. Your doctor may recommend Amoxicillin or Azithromycin.
- To speed up the healing process of oral tissues, toothpastes with antibacterial effect should be used. Such drugs not only eliminate the infection, but also help to reduce pain.
In order to strengthen the general immunity of the body, the doctor may recommend taking probiotics, prebiotics, immunostimulants and vitamin-mineral complexes.
Prevention of the appearance of blisters in the oral cavity
The blisters themselves do not pose any particular danger to human health, but can deliver a lot of discomfort to the patient. Nevertheless, they are often a signal of the development of internal pathologies, which could provoke their appearance.
In any case, to prevent their occurrence, it is recommended:
- Carefully monitor oral hygiene: brush your teeth at least twice a day and rinse your mouth after each meal.
- Include the maximum amount of fresh fruits and vegetables in your diet.
- Adhere to a healthy lifestyle and monitor your own health.
- Avoid eating too hot food and drinks that can cause thermal burns to the soft tissues of the mouth and throat.
- Refuse bad habits, especially smoking. This will not only help improve overall health, but also prevent the appearance of cancerous manifestations in the mouth and throat.
In addition, it must be remembered that any changes in the state of the mucous membrane of the tongue indicate violations in the functioning of the internal organs. Therefore, if spots, pimples or blisters have appeared in the mouth, a plaque has formed or any other symptoms have arisen, you should see your doctor as soon as possible to exclude the likelihood of developing unwanted diseases.