"Polyglukin" is an antishock plasma substituting drug that contributes to the replenishment of BCC. The use of the drug prevents the sticking of platelets and red blood cells.
Release form constituting Polyglukin
The basis of the medication is dextran. Glass bottles contain 200 and 400 ml of the drug in the form of an aqueous solution. The composition of the drug contains sodium chloride and water for injection.
Pharmacodynamics
"Polyglukin" instructions for use displays as a medicine with hemodynamic and antiplatelet action. The medication is a hydrophilic polysaccharide that binds water. After using the drug, BCC is restored in a short period of time due to the fact that it absorbs a sufficient amount of water.
The active component has a relatively large molecular weight, so it is present in the bloodstream for a long time, and when the drug is administered, it slowly passes through the walls of the vessels. Features of the medication can quickly increase and keep blood pressure normal for a long time. "Polyglukin" reduces tissue swelling, restores bcc, eliminates the spasm that occurs in peripheral vessels.
Suspension blood stability improves after the use of Polyglukin, the instruction shows that the drug makes the blood less viscous. In humans, indicators disturbed due to the development of a shock state are normalized: microcirculation, blood flow in the tissues.
Pharmacokinetics
The removal of the drug from the body is carried out mainly by the kidneys. Partial excretion is carried out during the day. "Polyglukin" is removed unchanged, a small part of it enters the cells of the reticuloendothelial system and is deposited there, the drug is gradually split. As a result of this process, glucose is formed, which is not considered as an energy source. A little "Polyglukin" gets into the digestive tract.
Indications
"Polyglukin" instructions for use allows you to prescribe in cases where capillary blood flow is impaired. The drug is suitable for the treatment of shock conditions and their prevention (septic shock, toxic, burn, surgical, traumatic). The medicine is used for acute blood loss that occurred during an ectopic pregnancy, childbirth or as a result of trauma in order to quickly restore the BCC. The solution is used for hypovolemia resulting from a loss of plasma (compression syndrome, burn). The effectiveness of the drug is noted in the implementation of preventive measures aimed at preventing embolism (preoperative, postoperative).
Contraindications
Before starting treatment, one should pay attention to contraindications that are contained in the instructions for use attached to the Polyglukin remedy. Contraindications for the treatment and prevention of this drug are as follows:
- cerebral stroke;
- high ICP;
- conditions in which the introduction of liquids in large quantities is undesirable;
- diseases accompanied by kidney damage (anuria, oliguria);
- severe hypertension;
- heart failure;
- violation of homeostasis, coagulation;
- incessant internal bleeding (exception - blood pressure below 60 mm Hg. Art.).
Dosage, treatment
The solution is intended for intravenous administration. In cases where blood loss is considered acute, intra-arterial use of the drug is allowed. The speed of drug administration is determined individually and depends on the general condition of the patient, his pulse, blood pressure and hematocrit.
In case of shock conditions “Polyglukin”, the instructions for use recommends to be administered intravenously by a stream. The necessary single dose of the drug in such cases is not less than 400, but not more than 1200 ml. In some cases, it is required to increase the dose of the drug to 2000 ml. If blood pressure indicators as a result of drug administration were able to be brought closer to normal, the transition to drug administration by drop is performed.
With significant blood loss corresponding to 500 ml or more, as well as the presence of severe anemia, in addition to using the Polyglukin solution, a blood transfusion is performed. For prophylactic purposes, to prevent shock during surgical interventions, the drug is injected into the body, if the pressure drops, it is jet. A sharp decrease in blood pressure to 60 mm RT. Art. and below requires the introduction of "Polyglukin" in a volume of not more than 400 ml intraarterially. After the operation is performed using this medication, prophylaxis is performed to prevent the development of shock.
Usually a solution with a concentration of the active substance of 6% is used, but in some cases Polyglukin 33 is used. Instructions for use show that a drug with such a concentration of dextran is an auxiliary reagent when checking the compatibility of the recipient and the donor.
When it is necessary to eliminate burn shock, the first day an adult is injected from 2 thousand to 3 thousand ml of solution, on the second day no more than 1.5 thousand ml of the drug is used. In cases where the shock must be removed from the child, first they inject 40-50 ml / kg of the drug, on the second day the dose of the drug for each kilogram of weight is reduced to 30 ml. For preventive purposes, in order to exclude the likelihood of developing shock, children are injected drip intravenously. The necessary dose for a child is from 10 to 15 ml / kg of Polyglukin. Instructions for use for animals also allow the use of treatment based on the introduction of "Polyglukin." For these purposes, a dosage of 15 to 20 ml / kg is suitable. The most appropriate dose of medication is determined by the doctor.
Side effects
Before using the drug "Polyglukin" instructions for use, reviews recommend that you familiarize yourself with possible side effects. Usually, complications do not arise, and the patient’s body responds well to the drug. Allergic manifestations in the form of anaphylactic shock, swelling, itching and rashes can sometimes be noted. In some patients, behind the sternum, a feeling of compression appears, and lower back pain is felt. Fever, a decrease in blood pressure, and acceleration of heart contractions may be present. Possible breathing problems, dizziness and the development of acrocyanosis. Since an overload on the heart is carried out as a result of an overdose, the instructions for use prohibit exceeding the recommended dose of Polyglukin. Tablets and other medications that the patient takes can interfere with the action of the solution.
Analogs, reviews
You can replace the drug with Hyperhaes, Reogluman or Hi-Steril. Solutions that are used for the same purpose as Polyglukin include Sterofundin, Reopoliglyukin, and Stabizol.
Replace the "Polyglukin" instructions for use in cases where the patient is not suitable for this tool. For replacement, Gelofusin, Reftan N, Sorbilact can be used. A similar effect may be exerted by Albunorm and Neorodex.
Reviews show that basically the drug helps in eliminating the existing problem. But since each case is individual, the results of its introduction may be different. Much depends on the condition of the patient. People do not risk using Polyglukin on their own, which is associated with the risk of improper administration of the drug and the development of side effects.
The Polyglukin solution fulfills its function, but so that the treatment, like the implementation of prophylaxis, is effective and does not lead to other problems, the dose of the drug should be selected individually by the doctor. Only a specialist can administer a medicine, since an ordinary person will not be able to accurately determine the required dose and the appropriate method of administration of the drug. Exceeding the permissible dose of the drug is dangerous for the heart, so you should not risk it and self-medicate.