With problems with metabolic processes in the body, a lack of fluid may occur, which will provoke dehydration or, conversely, an accumulation of a large amount of fluid in the tissues, severe or latent edema will indicate this. The body swells for various reasons, and this does not always happen due to the use of large amounts of salt and water. Problems with the metabolism of protein and carbohydrates, disorders of the endocrine system, changes in the amount of hormones produced, infection, allergies, the onset of inflammation - all this can provoke the appearance of edema of various forms and localization. It is important to find out how to remove excess water from the body.
The main types of edema
Puffiness can appear on any part of the body where soft tissues are located that can accumulate a certain amount of water in themselves. In this case, fluid accumulates in the body cavity, in the intercellular space or inside the cells. The principle of the formation of edema can be completely different, as well as the reasons that provoke it on one part of the body or several at once.
By origin, all edema is divided into the following:
- physiological, arising as a result of changes in environmental conditions or restructuring of the metabolism in the body, for example, during the bearing of a child: there is an active growth of the uterus, which provokes compression of the lower vein, which complicates the process of returning blood to the heart through the veins, as a result, stagnation occurs on the lower extremities and pronounced edema appears;
- pathological edema is formed under the influence of various malfunctions in the metabolism, which provokes fluid retention in certain parts of the body, this disrupts the functioning of organs and the structure of tissues.
What is edema? Edema itself with fluid retention in the body is not a disease, but only a symptom of the presence of a pathological process, indicating problems with the water-salt balance. They can differ in local (appear on a specific area of the body, cavity or organ, limb, neck and even genitals) and systemic location. In this case, the remaining parts of the body do not undergo swelling and continue to work at the same pace.
The systemic type of edema is characterized by the spread of fluid stagnation throughout the body, in the region of body cavities and intercellular space. In especially dangerous cases, puffiness extends to the intracellular sector.
Definition of edema and its variety
What is edema? Based on the factors that lead to the development of puffiness and mechanisms for the development of pathology, doctors distinguish several types of lesions that differ from each other in their differences in the external manifestation.
The main types of pathology:
- Inflammatory edema is formed in the area of tissue deformation and the impact of the inflammatory process, the spread of bacteria and viruses. Most often, edema of this form affects the soft tissues and organs, formed as a result of the active influence of inflammatory mediators on vascular permeability.
- An allergic type, which in its type is very similar to inflammatory, but swelling in this case occurs for other reasons. It is formed due to exposure to tissues of allergic irritants - histamine, bradykinin and others. With their active influence, the lumen of the capillaries changes significantly, vascular permeability increases significantly, the liquid component of the blood passes from the vessels to the tissues and accumulates in large quantities there, forming edema, especially for loose and hydrophilic tissues.
- Toxic edema, according to the principle of development, is very similar to inflammatory and allergic, but the cause of its appearance is damage to the human body by poisonous toxins and chemicals, which often reduce the blood viscosity and lead to increased permeability. Such swelling is dangerous in that it can spread to large areas of the body, including damage to the entire body.
- Swelling due to prolonged fasting. This condition occurs due to a violation of protein metabolism, which is very important for the retention of water molecules in the vessels. If there are more proteins in the tissues than inside the vessels, then they attract water molecules to themselves, accumulating them in the tissues. A certain amount of plasma proteins leads to oncotic pressure, which is much higher inside the vessels than in the intercellular space. With the loss of protein during fasting, a strong change in plasma oncotic pressure occurs relative to the intercellular space. It is in this condition that the liquid passes into the tissue. Because of this condition, the expression "swell from hunger."
- Lymphogenic edema that appears due to a problem with the circulation of lymph in the capillaries, its collection and delivery to the venous network. Such processes provoke the appearance of swelling in places with a large number of lymphatic capillaries and venous plexuses.
- Neurogenic appear due to disturbances in the functioning of nerve fibers or sensory endings, which is why vascular tone and fluid permeability are poorly controlled by expansion or spasm at the right time. This type of swelling is formed in the diseased parts of the body innervated by the damaged trunk or, if we talk about the brain centers (for example, with a stroke), the projection of the diseased area.
Causes of puffiness on the body
The causes and treatment of edema in a woman are directly related. In most cases, they have a hidden appearance and can occur against the background of other pathological processes in the body: infectious diseases, bruises, intoxication. There are 3 main causes of body edema.
Idiopathic causes
Idiopathic causes of body edema are considered the most common. It is believed that the development of this condition occurs due to problems with the endocrine system and changes in the amount of hormones in the body (this is especially true for estrogens).
This opinion is based on the fact that this swelling most often occurs in women of a young and older age. Such edema is formed during hot weather on the street, excessive physical exertion on the body. Water accumulates in those parts of the body that are more susceptible to gravity: in the standing position, the lower part of the legs is carried here, in the supine position - the lower part of the body.
Cardiac causes
This reason for body edema occurs with problems with the functioning of the heart muscle (myocardium), which cannot pump blood in a normal volume, which is important for normal blood flow in arteries and veins. Puffiness in this case is manifested in areas with venous vessels, especially distant from the heart and having a small size. In most cases, edema manifests itself in the evening, after sports or prolonged walking on the legs during the day. With heart failure, edema is quite extensive, can spread to the abdomen, groin, shoulders and other parts of the body. When resting in an upright position, the severity of the lesion decreases or edema spreads along the back and chest.
Renal edema
Such a cause of body edema is a violation of the filtration and reabsorption of water and salts. Also, the condition can occur as a result of the loss of a large amount of protein during inflammation in the body. The work of the kidneys may worsen with circulatory problems, hypoxia of the kidney tissue, which provokes the release of biologically active substances, a sudden increase in pressure. All this helps to remove a large amount of excess fluid in the tissue. Renal edema in many patients occurs in the morning, diverges over the body from the face to the neck, and then to the extremities.
Linda Lazarides Gutter Diet
How to remove excess water from the human body? There are a large number of diuretic diets that help to actively fight swelling. Today, the most famous and effective is the drainage diet of Linda Lazarides. The purpose of using such a diet is to eliminate severe swelling and improve a person’s condition. The essence of the diet: edema and excess weight do not appear due to the fact that a person consumes a large amount of water, but because some components are retained in her body. You can easily get rid of puffiness if you abandon such substances - this includes carbohydrates and salts.
With such a diet it is forbidden to eat the following foods: honey, sugar, syrup, eggs, yeast, red meat, dairy products, salty dishes, especially smoked sausages, bacon, ham, fatty foods, confectionery, various sweets, potato chips, cream , mayonnaise, products with artificial additives in the composition.
Experts recommend eating the following foods: soy milk, yogurt, fresh fruits and vegetables, oatmeal, nuts, seeds, lean meat and fish, and legumes. It is allowed to drink freshly squeezed juice, herbal teas and other drinks with a low caffeine content.
The number of permitted food products is not limited, you can eat as much as you want. Already in the first week of such nutrition, a person loses about 6 kilograms in weight, which occurs due to loss of fluid. Further, the results will not be so noticeable, but a few kilograms will stably leave per week.
If you use such a diet before menstruation, it will help to greatly facilitate their course.
What to do with body edema? To do this, it is best to use the following decoctions of herbs:
- green tea;
- lingonberry tea;
- a decoction of caraway seeds;
- hawthorn;
- rose hips;
- black or green tea with milk;
- Melissa;
- plain water with lemon juice;
- complex gatherings of herbs: bird highlander, nettle, bearberry.
Additional list of products to help eliminate swelling:
- celery;
- beans;
- cucumbers, melon and watermelons;
- oats;
- beet;
- nettle;
- rowan juice and viburnum;
- low-fat kefir;
- honey;
- green apples
- baked potato.
Any pronounced edema on the human body needs timely consultation with a treating specialist. Often they report the presence of serious diseases in the body that affect metabolic processes. It is especially dangerous when the edema forms on the neck or face, spreads to the eyes, toes and hands, interferes with normal shoes and walking.
How to remove excess water from the body? In the presence of puffiness, it is important to draw up the correct diet and drinking regimen as soon as possible, start consuming less salt, drink only purified still water, since other drinks only develop edema. If it continues to persist for two days or is actively spreading to the whole body, then a qualified doctor should find out the reasons for this process. First, the specialist conducts an external examination of the patient, reveals the severity of water retention in the body: you can approximately determine the amount of accumulated water if a person knows his weight and how much he changed after the appearance of edema.
There are special tests and tests that help to identify the degree of hydrophilicity of tissues. A blister test allows you to determine the power of tissue soaking with liquid, and the determination of the fossa on the lower leg or its disappearance will indicate the presence of latent puffiness.
The patient, when going to the doctor, must necessarily tell him about all the drugs used, since it was they that could lead to the accumulation of water. It is also important to indicate whether there are problems in the health of the heart and liver, how often edema appears and how they can be provoked.
Pyelonephritis in a child
Chronic and acute pyelonephritis most often appears in a child due to an infection that can penetrate the baby's body in various ways:
- hematogenous: through the blood infection spreads to the kidneys. This happens if the patient has tonsillitis, pneumonia, acute respiratory viral infections and other purulent lesions. Most often, such inflammation occurs in newborn children and infants: in this case, the infectious process can also be transmitted to the child’s body from the mother, especially if there were any complications or infectious processes during gestation;
- lymphogenous pathway (along the lymph);
- ascending: through the genitourinary system and the gastrointestinal tract. Most often, inflammation of the kidneys occurs in a child due to cystitis, colitis and dysbiosis.
Common symptoms
Symptoms and treatment of pyelonephritis in children are of interest to all parents of babies. Acute pyelonephritis provokes obvious symptoms that indicate problems in the genitourinary system:
- frequent urination, urinary incontinence;
- pain when going to the toilet;
- in some cases, blood is released along with urine, an unpleasant odor appears, which indicates the beginning of a microbial inflammatory process;
- pain in the side or lower back;
- signs of poisoning: excessive sweating, fever, fever, chills, in infants this condition can be manifested by vomiting and moodiness.
Lesion treatment
Treatment and symptoms of pyelonephritis in a child are interconnected, therefore, when diagnosing, the doctor at the beginning receives all the information about the baby's condition and signs of the disease.
The treatment includes:
- strict adherence to bed rest;
- drinking large amounts of water, including mineral water, which stimulates regular urination and the natural elimination of harmful products from the body of the child;
- properly composed diet.
Also, the basis of therapy is a course of antibiotics, which is selected depending on the causative agent of the infection. In addition to antibiotics, antiseptic, diuretics and alternative recipes are also used in the treatment.