Damage to ulcers and erosion of the stomach and duodenum is becoming more common. Peptic ulcer significantly affects the quality of human life, causes discomfort and many unpleasant sensations. In addition, in the absence of treatment, an ulcer can lead to the formation of a malignant tumor, as well as cause damage to adjacent organs and systems. In the article, we consider antiulcer drugs for the stomach.
How to treat ailment?
The pharmaceutical market is ready to offer a wide range of medicines that relieve symptoms and treat ulcerative pathologies of the stomach and duodenum. However, you should not take any antiulcer drugs without consulting a doctor.
Omeprazole in the treatment of peptic ulcer
A whole group of drugs stand out, which include omeprazole as an active component. The substance is especially effective in combination with antibacterial therapy in case of damage to the body by the helicobacter pylori bacterium, which provokes the appearance of ulcers. Such treatment in a short time allows to normalize the patient's condition and eliminate the pathogenic microorganism, without damaging the sensitive mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. Omeprazole-based drugs are often included in a therapeutic regimen with drugs that include bismuth.
How to use?
Anti-ulcer drugs with omeprazole are taken at least 15 minutes before meals. The most effective such drugs on an empty stomach in the morning. Capsules in the gastric soluble shell are swallowed whole and washed down with water. It is advisable to take the drug at the same time.
Against the background of gastric ulcer, omeprazole is taken at 20 mg in the morning and evening. If the ulcer is caused by the defeat of Helicobacter pylori, then therapy is supplemented with antibiotics. An antiulcer drug is taken for two months, until the ulcers are completely healed. Omeprazole creates a kind of film that can reduce the aggressiveness of the stomach environment and helps accelerate the healing of erosion and ulcers.
Antibiotics
Medicine identifies many causes of ulceration of the stomach and intestines. If laboratory tests show the presence of pathogenic bacteria Helicobacter pylori in the body, a specialist prescribes the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics as anti-ulcer drugs.
There are several groups of antibiotics that can be used for this pathology. Most often, gastroenterologists prefer the following groups of drugs:
- Macrolides - Erythromycin, Fromilide, Clarithromycin. These drugs prevent the production of protein in the bacterial cell, which leads to its death.
- Penicillin series - Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin. Adversely affect the shell of a harmful microorganism.
- Tetracycline series - "Doxycycline", "Tetracycline". They are prescribed for penicillin intolerance.
Clarithromycin, an antiulcer drug for the stomach and duodenum, is recognized as the safest antibiotic, as it has a short list of possible adverse reactions. The drug is taken in the morning and evening in a dosage of 250 mg. You can not prescribe it during pregnancy, breastfeeding, as well as at the age of under 12 years.
What other antiulcer drugs are effective? Let's consider further.
Antacids
Any drugs in this group should be taken 30-40 minutes after a meal, as they can disrupt the digestive process. Antacids envelop the stomach and intestines, reducing acidity. The following drugs are considered the most effective:
- "Maalox." It is produced in the form of a suspension and chewable tablets. The active substances are magnesium and aluminum hydroxide. The drug is well tolerated by most patients. "Maalox" is taken one sachet or tablet after a meal. The course is at least three months. Rare adverse reactions can be constipation or diarrhea. Maalox is not recommended for severe renal impairment.
- Alumag. Available in tablets of 20 or 30 pieces. For adult patients, the drug is prescribed two tablets three times a day. Adverse reactions to Alumag are constipation, nausea, and vomiting. The active component of the drug is aluminum hydroxide. Like other antacids, this drug is not prescribed for pathological disorders of the kidneys.
- Gastal. It is produced in the form of chewable tablets. The active components of the drug are magnesium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide. The drug is taken 1-2 tablets after a meal. The maximum allowed per day is to take up to eight tablets. Treatment is carried out for two weeks. Taking pills can lead to a change in taste, as well as constipation and nausea. You can not take the drug against a background of kidney disease and Alzheimer's disease.
Histamine receptor blockers
Anti-ulcer preparations for the stomach from this group affect the glands of the mucous membrane of the organ, preventing the production of histamine and digestive enzymes, as well as reducing the influence of the aggressive environment. Preparations for the treatment of gastric ulcer pathologies are divided into several generations:
- Cimetidine is a typical representative of the first generation of histamine receptor blockers. The adverse reactions in this drug are quite serious, including decreased potency, diarrhea, headaches, impaired functioning of the nervous system, etc. “Cimetidine” is considered an outdated drug and is practically not used in the treatment of peptic ulcer.
- The second generation of histamine receptor blocking drugs is Ranitidine. The drug is prescribed during an exacerbation to relieve symptoms. A drug of 150 mg is taken for one month. Ranitidine also causes a number of adverse reactions, including impaired renal and hepatic function.
- The drug of the third generation from this group is Famotidine. There are practically no contraindications for this drug. Adverse reactions also rarely result in adverse reactions. The most common adverse reactions are dry mouth, skin rash, and dizziness.
- Nizatidine is a fourth-generation drug. The action of its active components allows you to quickly reduce the acidity of the stomach, without causing side effects and without contraindications. With peptic ulcer, the drug is taken at 15 mg in the morning and evening. The duration of the course is determined by the doctor individually.
- The fifth, most modern and safe generation of antiulcer drugs is represented by Roxatidine. This drug is an improved version of Nizatidine. Contraindications and possible adverse reactions in both drugs are identical. Roxatidine is taken one tablet in the morning and evening.
In general, preference should be given to antiulcer drugs for a new generation of stomach.
Gastroprotectors
For the treatment of gastric ulcer, drugs based on bismuth and its derivatives are often prescribed. This substance has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and restorative effect. Thanks to bismuth, ulcers heal faster. Gastroprotectors are used to prevent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as during an exacerbation of the disease. The most common antiulcer drugs for the duodenum and stomach of this group are:
- "Venter." Two tablets are taken three times a day for 4-6 weeks. Sucralfate acts as an active component, which increases the amount of mucus produced by the stomach and reduces the aggressive effect of acids and bile salts on the gastric walls. It is not recommended to prescribe "Venter" during the gestation and breastfeeding. In some cases, the drug may cause dry mouth, nausea, and diarrhea.
- De Nol. This new generation antiulcer drug has a pronounced regenerative effect. The composition of the drug includes bismuth tripotassium dicitrate. For the treatment of ulcerative pathology, De-Nol is taken one tablet four times a day half an hour before meals. Treatment should last up to two months. Contraindications for taking the drug are pregnancy, lactation, as well as pathological impairment of the kidneys. Adverse reactions to taking can be nausea and vomiting, constipation and diarrhea. The latest antiulcer drugs can be purchased at any pharmacy chain.
- "Solcoseryl." It is a gastroprotector for emergency care to the patient during an exacerbation of peptic ulcer. The drug is made in the form of a solution for administration intramuscularly or intravenously. There are practically no contraindications, however, against the background of treatment, adverse reactions in the form of an allergy can occur, accompanied by edema, itching and urticaria.
- Misoprostol. A drug with antisecretory activity, which reduces the production of hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes. The specialist prescribes the dosage and duration of administration, depending on the severity of the patient's condition. "Misoprostol" can not be taken for pathologies of the kidneys or liver, against the background of the inflammatory process in the intestine, etc. The drug is released only after providing a prescription from a doctor.
- "Methyluracil." Helps to improve tissue trophism. For the treatment of ulcers, the drug is taken at 0.5 g four times a day. The course of treatment is 40 days. A contraindication for taking "Methyluracil" are malignant bone marrow diseases.
Antiulcer drugs for the stomach and duodenum do not end there.
Proton pump inhibitors
In some cases, it is not enough to take only histamine receptor blockers to reduce the acidity of the stomach. Proton pump inhibitors are modern drugs for the treatment of long-acting ulcers. Medicines from this group inhibit the activity of parietal gastric cells that produce hydrochloric acid. Blocking occurs due to a special protein that moves protons. All antiulcer drugs for the duodenum and stomach of this group are resistant to the effects of gastric juice.
The following drugs are among the most common proton pump inhibitors:
- "Lantsid" based on lansoprazole as an active component. The course of admission is two weeks. It is allowed to take one tablet per day. Treatment with "Lantsidom" can provoke diarrhea, abdominal pain, drowsiness. It is not allowed to take the drug for diseases of the kidneys and liver, as well as during gestation.
- "Parit" which includes rabeprazole. The drug is prescribed to relieve symptoms in exacerbation of peptic ulcer. One tablet per day is taken. The drug is not prescribed for severe kidney pathologies. Adverse reactions during treatment occur extremely rarely and do not have a pronounced form, therefore, do not require discontinuation of the drug.
- Omez and Esomeprazole. Drugs based on omeprazole, which was mentioned at the beginning of the article. If the first drug is dispensed without a prescription, then purchasing Esomeprazole without the recommendation of a specialist will fail.
- Pantoprazole. Pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate acts as an active component. It is taken as a course for two months at 80 mg per day. The most common adverse reactions to taking the drug are pain in the head, dry mouth, rash on the body, and nausea. The drug is also not dispensed without a prescription.
Reviews
Damage to the stomach by ulcers and erosion is a serious violation in the work of the whole organism. The quality of human life with exacerbation of pathology is significantly deteriorating. In reviews, there is often a positive opinion about De Nola. For many, the drug helped to cope with gastritis, as well as relieve the condition with exacerbation of the ulcer. The same applies to omeprazole-based preparations as an active ingredient. Many, including doctors, are of the opinion that omeprazole helps to cope with exacerbation, relieve symptoms, but cannot eliminate the very cause of the disease.
Negative comments
Some patients took antiulcer drugs and did not get the expected effect, since the disease was provoked by Helicobacter pylori, which can only be eliminated with antibiotics. After the appointment of antibacterial drugs and a course of treatment with gastroprotectors, the pathology is eliminated.
The disadvantages of drugs for the treatment of peptic ulcer are adverse reactions. Especially often patients complain of dyspeptic disorders, as well as nausea when taking anti-ulcer drugs. However, these disorders disappear after a course of treatment, while drug withdrawal is considered inappropriate. Often, several courses of treatment are required to achieve a stable remission of the pathology.