The active substance "Akineton" is biperiden hydrochloride. The tablet holds 2 mg of active substance. In addition, the presence of additional components (corn starch, potato starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, copovidone, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, talc, pure water) suggests the composition of Akineton.
Instructions for use, the photo suggests that the tablet form of the drug has an almost white color, a flat-cylindrical shape. On one side of the tablet there is a risk with cross-shaped chamfers.
1 ml of solution contains biperiden lactate in an amount of 5 milligrams. Additional components are: injection water and sodium lactate.
pharmachologic effect
The main substance biperiden is a central anticholinergic.
The impact suggests an inhibitory ability on the activity of cholinergic neurons in the striatum, which is the structural unit of the extrapyramidal system.
The drug causes a ganglion-blocking effect, antispasmodic and moderate severity m-anticholinergic effect on the periphery (antispasmodic).
The use of the drug helps to eliminate tremor of the extremities that occurs when cholinergic drugs (for example, pilocarpine) are used, as well as catalepsy and muscle stiffness while taking antipsychotics. It has the ability to provoke psychomotor agitation.
Pharmacokinetics
" Akineton" binds to plasma proteins at 91-94%. Plasma clearance will be 11.6 ± 0.8 ml / min / kg body weight. A single oral dose has a bioavailability of about 33 ± 5%.
It is able to penetrate into breast milk.
Biperiden is fully metabolized in the human body. In the urine, unchanged, this substance is not determined. The main metabolites are bicycloheptane and piperidine, which are excreted in feces and urine.
Elimination is carried out in two phases, with a half-life (T 1/2) of 90 minutes during the first phase and 24 hours - of the second phase. In elderly patients, the half-life can be significantly increased.
Indications for use
"Akineton" is used for extrapyramidal disorders caused by taking certain medications (antipsychotics, antipsychotics).
Also, the drug is indicated for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's syndrome (the drug is prescribed in combination with basic therapy),
Contraindications
The purpose of this drug is not indicated for individual intolerance to the active substance of the drug "Akineton".
The instructions for use inform that the drug should be avoided when diagnosing a patient with pathology such as enlarged prostate gland, angle-closure glaucoma, obstructive changes in the gastrointestinal tract (pyloric stenosis, intestinal obstruction of paralytic origin).
Arrhythmias, epilepsy, breastfeeding, the elderly patient, pregnancy are factors in which "Akineton" is prescribed with great care.
Side effects
From the side of the central nervous system they are manifested by asthenia, increased fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, numbness, dizziness, anxiety, anxiety, memory impairment, confusion, hallucinations, catalepsy, drug dependence on the Akineton drug.
Instructions for use indicate side effects from the side of the organ of vision - mydriasis, impaired accommodation.
On the part of the cardiovascular system, it is characterized by an increase in heart rate (tachycardia); sometimes - by reduction (bradycardia); when using the injection form of the drug, a decrease in blood pressure (hypotension).
From the digestive system - dry mouth, dyspeptic manifestations, constipation.
On the part of metabolic processes - a decrease in sweating.
On the part of the urinary system - in patients with enlargement (hypertrophy) of the prostate gland - a possible difficulty in urinating.
Allergic manifestations: rash on the skin, itching.
Application methods
For intramuscular, intravenous administration, as well as oral administration of the tablet form, the drug "Akineton" is suitable.
Instructions for use indicate that Akineton therapy usually starts with small doses, then the dose of the drug increases stepwise depending on the necessary therapeutic effect and the presence of side effects.
Adults using the oral form of the drug begin treatment with a dose of 1 mg in 1-2 doses during the day or 2 mg divided into two doses per day. Further, the dosage can be increased to 8 mg in two to four doses. However, the dose should not be increased by more than 2 mg per day. Do not exceed the maximum dosage of 6 to 16 mg per day. A single dose of the injection form of the drug should not exceed 2.5-5 mg. This dose can be re-entered after half an hour, but the number of administrations per day should not exceed 4 times. The maximum dose of an injectable drug is 20 mg per day. When the optimal dose of the drug is achieved, then the transition to taking "Akineton retard" is possible.
However, do not forget about the individual approach to each specific patient when prescribing therapy with biperiden.
Extrapyramidal pathology resulting from the use of certain medications (antipsychotic drugs or antipsychotics) requires the administration of this substance in a single dose of 2 mg orally or parenterally. Repeat the introduction of the specified dose can be every half hour. However, as indicated above, the number of administrations should not exceed 4 times. The oral dose of the drug should be divided into one to three doses.
Parkinson's disease involves the prescription of this drug in 6-8 mg orally in 2-4 doses per day, gradually the dose can be increased to 6-16 mg.
Children's age up to a year suggests the possibility of prescribing this drug in injectable form slowly, a single dose is 1 mg or 0.2 ml. At the age of one year to 6 years, 2 mg or 0.4 ml is prescribed. From 6 to 10 years - 3 mg or 0.6 ml. This emergency dose can be reintroduced after half an hour. If there are side effects on the administration of the drug, the injection should be discontinued.
When carrying out therapy with an oral form of a drug aged 3 to 15 years, a dosage of 1-2 mg is taken in 1-3 doses during the day.
Tablets can not be consumed on an empty stomach, and drink with a moderate amount of water. In case of undesirable side effects from the digestive system, the drug should be taken immediately after a meal, which reduces the severity of the adverse effect of the Akineton agent.
Instructions for use indicate that in case of nicotine poisoning in adults, this medicine is also prescribed in the standard therapy complex, and its dose is 5-10 mg for injectable forms, but only in cases that threaten the patient's life.
In case of poisoning with organic phosphorus mixtures, the dosage of biperidene is carried out individually, which depends on the severity of the lesion. Start with a dose of 5 mg in case of intravenous administration, repeated administration continues until the moment the signs of poisoning disappear.
Overdose
An overdose is manifested by pronounced anticholinergic effects caused by the drug "Akineton".
Instructions for use, reviews of doctors pay attention to the fact that therapy of this condition is asymptomatic (maintaining the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, oxygen therapy, correction of hyperthermia, if necessary, establish a urinary catheter). It is necessary to introduce cholinesterase inhibitors (primarily physostigmine) .
Interaction
" Akineton" with simultaneous use with m-anticholinergics, drugs with antihistamine and antiepileptic effects enhances the severity of the latter. However, the simultaneous use of metoclopramide weakens its therapeutic effect. There is a categorical incompatibility of the drug with ethanol. The appointment of quinidine significantly increases the risk of developing manifestations of dyskinesia. M-cholinergic effect is enhanced by the use of levodopa.
Storage and sale conditions
To purchase this medication, a doctor's prescription is required to provide to the pharmacist. For storage of "Akineton" it is necessary to observe the temperature regime, that is, the ambient temperature should not exceed a value of 25 degrees (Celsius scale). Inaccessibility for children to the tool "Akineton" is required.
The instruction gives the shelf life of the drug - five years.
special instructions
The appointment of biperiden during pregnancy and breastfeeding (lactation) requires strict indications.
Biperiden may enter the body of a baby with breast milk, which is the reason for the temporary abandonment of breastfeeding until the withdrawal of the drug "Akineton".
The description of the drug draws attention to the fact that when deciding on the appointment of biperiden during pregnancy and lactation, the possible risk for the newborn, the fetus, is taken into account.
The elderly patient becomes a risk factor in the treatment of this drug. Therefore, “Akineton” of this category of persons is prescribed with great care.
The absence of kicks of any evidence of the safety of use in childhood is the reason that the drug "Akineton" is not used for children.
The description of the drug (instructions for use) indicates the fact that caution is necessary when using this drug in patients with epilepsy or arrhythmia.
With prolonged use, drug dependence may develop.
The risk of developing withdrawal syndrome involves the gradual cessation of Akineton therapy.
During the period of therapy, the use of alcohol-containing drinks should be avoided.
Therapy with this drug involves the need to refrain from driving vehicles and engaging in activities that require an increased concentration of attention and a quick psychomotor reaction, since this carries a potential danger due to the risk of dizziness.
"Akineton." Instructions for use. Analogs
The following substances are synonymous with the drug: Biperiden, Mendilex, Biperiden Hydrochloride.
"Akineton." Reviews
The drug is highly effective in the treatment of parkinsonism, tremor in the extremities ceases after a short period of time. There is good tolerance to the medication "Akineton."
Reviews on the forums indicate the possibility of some side effects during medication.
Price "Akineton". Where could I buy
The cost of the solution can be about 800 rubles.
The price of the oral form of "Akineton" is 560-580 rubles.